RESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the application of Wondfo Rapid Diagnostic Kit (RDTs) in the diagnosis of imported malaria cases in the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence. Methods The complete blood samples of malaria cases and negative card deletion cases reported in Hubei Province from January 2015 to June 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The results of the provincial malaria reference laboratory were used as the standard, and were compared with those results detected by RDTs, microscopic examination and nested PCR. The differences were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 440 complete samples were collected by the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence, of which 418 samples were confirmed as positive, and 22 samples were confirmed as negative. In terms of the identification ability of P. falciparum, RDTs performed the best, with a coincidence rate of 100.00%, and the coincidence rates nested PCR and microscopic examination were 97.49% and 91.40%, respectively. In terms of the identification specificity for another 3 species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. ovarian and P. vivax), nested PCR was the best, the microscopy method was the second best, and RDTs was the lowest. Based on the comprehensive analysis of 12 individual indicators, RDTs had the highest score (32), while the microscopic examination and nested PCR scored 24 and 19, respectively. Conclusion RDTs had certain advantages in the detection of malaria, but they had a low identification specificity for different species. Thus, they can be used as auxiliary tools for microscopic examination and widely used in surveillance work after malaria elimination in Hubei Province.
RESUMEN
Background: Malaria is a global health problem leading to huge morbidity and mortality. India accounts for 4% of global malaria cases and 52% of malaria deaths outside the African region. A disease that was relatively unknown in Mangaluru till 1990, has shown consistent rise till 2015 killing nearly 300 people. Though, declining trends are being observed since 2015, yet its incidence continues to be high. Present study was undertaken to study clinical as well as epidemiological factors associated with malaria transmission in Mangaluru.Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted in A J Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Mangaluru tertiary care hospital. The data was retrieved from the Medical Record Department of the hospital for three years i.e. 2015 to 2017 and analysed.Results: A total of 1779 confirmed cases of malaria were admitted during the study period. Out of these 1309 (73.58%) cases were due P. vivax, 73 (04.10%) cases due to P. falciparum 306 (17.20%) cases had mixed infections while species of remaining 91 (05.11%) cases remained unspecified. A peak in the number of inpatients was seen in June while mean duration of hospital stay was 5.17±3.31 days. A total of 252 (14.16%) patients had one or more severe manifestations of malaria as per WHO guidelines.Conclusions: The present study reveals that majority of admitted malaria cases were young adult males belonged to urban area. Majority of the cases were infected by Plasmodium vivax or had mixed infections.
RESUMEN
Patterns of malaria cases were compared between the department of Meta and the municipality of Puerto Gaitán, Colombia, to examine temporal change in malaria from 2005-2010. During this time frame in Meta the mean ratio was 2.53; in contrast, in Puerto Gaitán it was 1.41, meaning that a surprisingly high proportion of Plasmodium falciparum cases were reported from this municipality. A detailed analysis of data from Puerto Gaitán for 2009 and 2010 detected a significant difference (χ2, p < 0.001) in the distribution of plasmodia, with Plasmodium vivax more prevalent in 2009 and P. falciparum in 2010. Males had the highest number of cases but there was no difference in the distribution of cases between sexes and years. In both years, for both sexes, people 16-40 accounted for the majority of cases (58.9% in 2009; 60.4% in 2010). There were significant differences in the distribution of both P. vivax (χ2, p < 0.01) and P. falciparum cases (χ2, p < 0.05) by geographic setting (urban vs. non-urban) between years. Urban cases of both P. vivax and P. falciparum are recorded in this study for the first time in Puerto Gaitán, possibly the result of area wide displacement and migration due to armed conflict.