Effectiveness of arthroscopic "hybrid" suture for delaminated rotator cuff tear: A prospective randomized controlled study / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effectiveness of "hybrid" suture with en masse combined with double-layer repair under arthroscopy in repair of delaminated rotator cuff tear by comparison with en masse suture.@*METHODS@#Fifty-six patients with delaminated rotator cuff tears met selection criteria between June 2020 and January 2022 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups ( n=28) using a random number method. The patients in trial group underwent arthroscopic "hybrid" suture with the combination en masse and double-layer suture. The patients in control group underwent en masse suture under arthroscopy. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05) in terms of gender, age, rotator cuff tear side, tear size, cause of injury, disease duration, and preoperative American Association of Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder scoring, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and shoulder range of motion (forward flexion and lateral external rotation). The operation time, the difference of ASES score, UCLA score, VAS score, and shoulder range of motion (forward flexion and lateral external rotation) between pre- and post-operation were recorded and compared between the two groups ( P>0.05). The rotator cuff healing was examined by MRI and evaluated based on the classification criteria of rotator cuff healing proposed by Sugaya et al.@*RESULTS@#Three cases (1 case in the trial group and 2 cases in the control group) were excluded from the study due to loss of follow-up. Twenty-seven cases in the trial group and 26 cases in the control group were included in the final study analysis. All operations of the two groups were completed successfully. There was no significant difference in the operation time between groups ( P>0.05). The follow-up time was 10-12 months (mean, 10.9 months) in the trial group and 10-13 months (mean, 11.4 months) in the control group. All incisions healed by first intention. No surgery-related complications occurred. The UCLA score, ASES score, VAS score, and shoulder range of motion (forward flexion and lateral external rotation) of both groups at 9 months after operation were significantly superior to those before operation ( P<0.05). The difference of UCLA score, ASES score, and VAS score between before and after operation in the trial group were significantly better than those in the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant differences between the two groups in the difference of shoulder range of motion (forward flexion and lateral lateral rotation) ( P>0.05). At 9 months after operation, according to the classification criteria of rotator cuff healing proposed by Sugaya et al, MRI showed that the rotator cuff healing of the trial group was significantly better than that of the control group ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with en masse suture, arthroscopic "hybrid" suture for the repair of delaminated rotator cuff tear has advantages in relieving pain and improving shoulder joint function, and the rotator cuff healing is better.

Comparación entre la percepción corporal y el índice de masa corporal en estudiantes de secundaria de dos municipios de Yucatán / Comparison between body perception and body mass index in secondary students from two municipalities of Yucatan / Comparação entre percepção corporal e índice de massa corporal em estudantes do ensino médio de dois municipios de Yucatán / Comparaison entre la perception corporelle et l'indice de masse corporelle chez des élèves du secondaire de deux municipalités du Yucatán

Resumen Objetivo Comparar la relación de la Percepción de la Imagen Corporal y el Índice de Masa Corporal en estudiantes de secundaria de dos municipios de Yucatán. Material y Métodos Estudio cuantitativo y transversal, en 462 estudiantes de 11 a 17 años pertenecientes a escuelas de los municipios de Abalá y Chacsinkín, Yucatán. Se tomó el peso corporal y la talla, se calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC)/edad, de acuerdo a los patrones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para adolescentes. Se determinó la percepción de la imagen corporal mediante el instrumento Análisis de la Percepción de la Imagen Corporal (APC), propuesta por Stunkard y Stellard, modificado por Collins. Para el análisis estadístico inferencial se utilizó la prueba Chi-cuadrara con un valor de significancia estadística de 5%. Resultados 62.9% de los adolescentes, tienen un Índice de Masa Corporal normal, mientras que 35.6% presentan una prevalencia combinada de obesidad y sobrepeso. En cuanto a Percepción de la Imagen Corporal, 28.8 % de los adolescentes se percibieron de acuerdo con su IMC real; 25.3% se percibieron con IMC mayor al real y 45.9% se percibieron con IMC menor al que tienen en realidad Conclusiones En el municipio de Abala, los adolescentes presentaron mayor prevalencia de normo peso y exceso de peso; frecuencia mayor de concordancia entre la percepción corporal y el IMC real y sobre estimación de su IMC, a diferencia de la mayor frecuencia de subestimación que se presentó en los adolescentes del municipio de Chacsinkín Los adolescentes de ambos municipios con exceso de peso, subestimaron su IMC y no lo identifican como un problema de salud, lo que representa un área de oportunidad para el trabajo del equipo multidisciplinario de salud.

Abstract Objective To compare the relationship between the Perception of the Body Image and the Body Mass Index in secondary school students of two municipalities of Yucatán. Material and Methods Quantitative and cross-sectional study, with a population of 462 students aged from 11 to 17 belonging to schools in the municipalities of Abalá and Chacsinkin, Yucatán. Body weight and height were taken; Body Mass Index (BMI) by age was calculated according to the patterns of the World Health Organization (WHO) for adolescents. Body image perception was determined by means of the Body Image Perception Analysis (BPI) instrument proposed by Stunkard and Stellard and modified by Collins. For the inferential statistical analysis, the Chi-square test with a statistical significance value of 5% was used. Results 62.9% of adolescents have a normal Body Mass Index; while 35.6% have a combined prevalence of obesity and overweight. Regarding Perception of Body Image, 28.8% of adolescents were perceived according to their real BMI; 25.3% were perceived with BMI greater than the real and 45.9% were perceived with BMI lower than they actually have Conclusions In the municipality of Abalá, adolescents presented a higher prevalence of normal weight and excess weight; higher frequency of concordance between body perception and real BMI and overestimation of their BMI, unlike the higher frequency of underestimation that occurred in adolescents in the municipality of Chacsinkin Adolescents in both municipalities with excess weight underestimated their BMI and they did not identify it as a health problem, which represents an area of opportunity for the work of the multidisciplinary health team.

Sumário Objetivo Comparar a relação entre a percep9áo da imagem corporal e o índice de massa corporal em estudantes do ensino médio de dois municipios de Yucatán. Material e Métodos Estudo quantitativo e transversal, em 462 alunos de 11 a 17 anos pertencentes a escolas dos municipios de Abalá e Chacsinkin, Yucatán. O peso corporal e a altura foram medidos, calculado o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) / idade, de acordo com os padrões da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) para adolescentes. A percepção da imagem corporal foi determinada utilizando o instrumento Body Image Perception Analysis (APC), proposto por Stunkard e Stellard, modificado por Collins. O teste do qui-quadrado com valor de significância estatística de 5% foi utilizado para a análise estatística inferencial. Resultados 62,9% dos adolescentes têm um Índice de Massa Corporal normal, enquanto 35,6% têm uma prevalência combinada de obesidade e sobrepeso. Em relação a percepção da imagem corporal, 28,8% dos adolescentes foram percebidos de acordo com o IMC real; 25,3% foram percebidos com IMC maior que o real e 45,9% foram percebidos com IMC menor do que realmente Conclusões No municipio de Abala, os adolescentes apresentaram maior prevalência de peso normal e excesso de peso; maior frequência de concordância entre a percepção corporal e o IMC real e superestimação do IMC, diferentemente da maior frequência de subestimação que ocorreu em adolescentes no município de Chacsinkín. Os adolescentes dos dois municípios com excesso de peso subestimaram seu IMC e não o identificam como um problema de saúde, o que representa uma área de oportunidade para o trabalho da equipe multiprofissional de saúde.

Résumé Objectif Comparer la relation entre la Perception de l'Image Corporelle et l'Indice de Masse Corporelle chez des élèves du secondaire de deux municipalités du Yucatan. Matériel et méthodes Étude quantitative et transversale, avec une population de 462 élèves, de 11 a 17 ans, inscrits dans des écoles des municipalités d'Abalá et de Chacsinkin, Yucatán. Le poids et la taille ont été relevés, et l'Indice de Masse Corporelle en fonction de l'âge (IMC-pour-l'âge) a été calculé selon les normes de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) pour adolescents. La Perception de l'Image Corporelle a été déterminée a l'aide de l'instrument Analyse de la Perception de l'Image Corporelle (BPA) proposé par Stunkard et Stellard et modifié par Collins. Le test du Khi-deux avec une valeur de signification statistique de 5 % a été utilisé pour l'analyse statistique inférentielle. Résultats 62,9 % des adolescents ont un Indice de Masse Corporelle normal alors qu'il existe une prévalence combinée d'obésité et de surpoids de 35,6 %. La Perception de l'Image Corporelle a été en accord à l'IMC réel dans 28,8 % des cas. 25,3 % se sont per9us comme ayant un IMC supérieur à leur IMC réel et 45,9 % comme ayant un IMC inférieur à leur IMC réel. Conclusions Dans la municipalité d'Abala, les adolescents ont présenté une prévalence plus élevée de poids normal et de surpoids, une fréquence plus élevée de concordance entre leur perception corporelle et l'IMC réel et une surestimation de leur IMC, en comparaison avec la fréquence plus élevée de sous-estimation chez les adolescents de la municipalité de Chacsinkin. Les adolescents des deux municipalités ayant un excès de poids ont sous-estimé leur IMC et ne l'ont pas identifié comme un problème de santé, ce qui constitue un champs d'opportunités pour le travail de l'équipe de santé multidisciplinaire.

Manifestações políticas de junho de 2013: um debate à luz dos conceitos de massa e multidão / Political protests of june 2013: a debate in the light of mass and multitude concepts / Manifestaciones políticas de junio de 2013: un debate a la luz de los conceptos de massa y multitud / Les manifestations politiques e juin 2013: un débat à la lumière des concepts de masse et de foule

Em relação às perspectivas das pesquisas que tentam explicar as manifestações políticas de junho de 2013, no Brasil, entendemos que refletem uma mudança no processo de formação dos laços sociais que produzem os protestos contemporâneos. Este artigo tem por objetivo mostrar tais transformações sob a ótica das diferenças entre os conceitos de massa, visto em Freud (1921/2011), e multidão, em Hardt e Negri (2014). Buscamos alinhar uma discussão entre os conceitos à luz desses dados para demonstrar que há mudanças plausíveis nas formas e organização de protestos no século XXI as quais impedem uma explicação totalizante sob a única perspectiva das massas. Concluímos que as manifestações de junho de 2013 correm em tendência ao conceito de multidão, devido aos processos de formação dos laços sociais horizontais, à não submissão do Eu a uma identidade totalizadora, dando espaço à produção do comum, e à importância das singularidades.

About the perspectives generated by researches that attempt to explain the political events of june 2013, in Brazil, we understand that there generated a change in the formation of social bonds that produce contemporary protests. This article aims to show these such changes under the lens of the differences between the concepts of mass, in Freud (1921/2011), and multitude, in Hardt and Negri (2014). We attempt to align a discussion between the concepts in the light of data to show that there are changes in plausible ways and organizing protests in the twenty-first century that prevent a totalizing explanation under the unique perspective of the masses. We conclude that the events of June 2013 runs in trend to the concept of multitude due to the formation processes of horizontal social bonds, not submission Ego a totalized identity, giving space to production of the common and the importance of singularities.

Em relación a las perspectivas de las investigaciones que tratan de explicar las manifestaciones políticas junio de 2013, en Brasil, creemos que reflejan un cambio en la formación de los lazos sociales que producen los protestos contemporáneas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar estos dichos cambios bajo la óptica de las diferencias entre los conceptos de masa, en Freud (1921/2011), y la multitud, en Hardt y Negri (2014). Buscamos alinear una discusión entre los conceptos a la luz de los datos para demostrar que hay cambios en formas plausibles y la organización de protestas en el siglo XXI que impiden una explicación totalizadora bajo la perspectiva única de las masas. Llegamos a la conclusión de que los acontecimientos de junio de 2013 carreras en tendencia con el concepto de multitud, debido a los procesos de formación de los lazos sociales horizontales, no en la sumisión que un total de identidad, dando espacios a la producción de lo común, y la importancia de las singularidades.

Em ce qui concerne les perspectives des recherches qui tentent d'expliquer lês manifestations politiques de juin 2013 au Brésil, nous comprenons qu'elles traduisent um changement dans le processus de formation des liens sociaux qui produisent les manifestations contemporaines. Cet article a comme but présenter ces transformations sous l'angle des différences entre le concept de masse dans l'oeuvre de Freud (1921/2011), et celui de foule, proposé par Hardt et Negri (2014). Nous cherchons à aligner une discussion entre les concepts à la lumière de ces données à fm de démontrer qu'il y a dês changements plausibles dans les formes et dans l'organisation des manifestations du XXIème siècle qui empêchent une explication sous les seules perspectives des masses. Nous concluons que les manifestations de juin 2013 vont plutôt dans la direction Du concept de foule, em raison des processus de formation des liens sociaux horizontaux, de la non-soumission du Soi à une identité totalisante, laissant place à la production Du commun et à l'importance des singularités.

O cartel psicanalítico e os limites de sua escala lógica / The psychoanalytic cartel and the limits of its logical scale / El cártel psicoanalítico y los límites de su nivel lógico / Le cartel psychanalytique et les limites de son echelle logique

A proposta deste trabalho é abordar o limite de escala lógica do cartel. Esse dispositivo de transmissão é proposto por Jacques Lacan e chamado de "órgão de base" do funcionamento de sua Escola. O cartel pode ser entendido como uma forma coletiva que emerge de diversas tentativas - inclusive fracassadas - de constituição que se estrutura para-além dos efeitos de 'grupo' descritos por Freud em Psicologia das massas e análise do eu. Portanto, objetiva-se que o cartel escape às tradicionais estruturas hierárquicas e verticalizadas, além de tentar esvaziar o sentido das identificações entre os pares e do 'Um ideal'. Para tanto, a proposta é de um arranjo lógico limitado a 4+1, em que os membros do cartel se reúnam em torno de um tema (que funcionaria como elo entre o pequeno grupo), apresentando um argumento de trabalho que simultaneamente faz o grupo - uma vez que os membros estão articulados por uma produção de saber, uma tarefa - e particulariza a questão. Pensando com base na teoria dos discursos (que se utiliza de matemas para demonstrar os engendramentos dos laços sociais) proposta por Lacan em 1969-70, a estrutura de um cartel pode ser associada a uma inscrição no discurso do analista. Os outros discursos - do mestre, do universitário e da histérica - de certo modo mapeiam o aparelhamento de gozo de maneira indiferente às escalas sociais. A qualificação 'numérica' do cartel é pouco estudada na psicanálise e, em nosso entender, diz de um compromisso implícito da teoria lacaniana com certas teses da filosofia política e da sociologia a respeito da origem dos fenômenos de massa. Partindo-se dessas idéias é que nos perguntamos o que seria um 'laço pelo discurso analítico' que não corroborasse com esse corolário restritivo, que, ao contrário dos outros discursos, incide sobre a escala do laço social. Tentamos nos servir da psicanálise - sobretudo da proposta lacaniana do cartel - para pensarmos na estrutura grupal como também potencialmente emancipatória. Acreditamos que isso está posto no fundamento do 'órgão basal' da Escola, ao sugerir pensar para-além da alienação grupal.

The purpose of this paper is to address the logical scale limit of the cartel. This transmission device proposed by Jacques Lacan and called the "basic organ" of the functioning of his School can be understood as a collective form that emerges from a number of attempts - including failures - of the constitution that structures itself beyond the group effects described by Freud in Mass Psychology and Self-Analysis. Therefore, it is intended that the cartel escape from traditional hierarchical and vertical structures, as well as try to empty the sense of identifications between peers and the "One ideal". To do so, the proposal is a logical arrangement limited to 4 + 1, in which the cartel members gather around a theme (which would act as a link between the small group), presenting a working argument that simultaneously makes the group - since the members are articulated by a production of knowledge, a task - and particularizes the question. Thinking on the theory of speeches (using maths to demonstrate the engendering of social ties) proposed by Lacan in 1969-70, the structure of a cartel can be associated with an inscription in the analyst's speech. The other speech from the master, the university, and the hysteric-somehow map the apparatus of enjoyment indifferently to social scales. The "numerical" qualification of the cartel is little studied in psychoanalysis and, in our opinion, it says of an implicit commitment of the Lacanian theory with certain theses of the political philosophy and the sociology with respect to the origin of the mass phenomena. Starting from these ideas, we ask ourselves what would be a "tie by analytic discourse" that does not corroborate this restrictive corollary, which, unlike the other speeches, focuses on the scale of the social bond. We try to use psychoanalysis - especially the Lacanian proposal of the cartel - to think of the group structure as also potentially emancipatory. We believe that this is on the foundation of the 'basal organ' of the School, by suggesting thinking beyond group alienation.

La apuesta de este trabajo es tratar del límite del nivel lógico del cartel. Ese dispositivo de transmisión es propuesto por Jacques Lacan y llamado de "órgano de base" del funcionamiento de su Escuela. El cartel puede ser entendido como una forma colectiva que surge de diversos intentos - incluso fracasados - de constitución que se estructura para allá de los efectos de 'grupo' descritos por Freud en Psicología de las masas y análisis del yo. Por lo tanto, se objetiva que el cártel escape de las tradicionales estructuras de jerarquía y verticalizadas, además de intentar vaciar el sentido de las identificaciones entre los pares y del 'Un ideal'. Para eso, la propuesta es de un arreglo lógico limitado a 4+1, en que los miembros del cartel se reúnan en torno de un tema (que funcionaría como eslabón entre el pequeño grupo), presentando un argumento de trabajo que el grupo hace a la vez - una vez que los miembros están articulados por una producción de saber, una tarea - y particulariza la cuestión. Pensando con base en la teoría de los discursos (que se utiliza de matemas para demostrar la formación de los lazos sociales) propuesta por Lacan en 1969-70, la estructura de un cartel puede ser relacionada a una inscripción en el discurso del analista. Los otros discursos - del maestro, del universitario y de la histérica - de cierto modo mapean el aparato de gozo de manera indiferente a las escalas sociales. La calificación 'numérica' del cartel es poco estudiada en el psicoanálisis y, en nuestro entendimiento, habla de un compromiso implícito de la teoría lacaniana con ciertas tesis de la filosofía política y de la sociología a respecto del origen de los fenómenos de masa. A partir de esa idea nos preguntamos qué sería un 'lazo por el discurso analítico' que no corroborara con ese corolario restrictivo que, al contrario de los otros discursos, cae sobre la escala del lazo social. Intentamos servirnos del psicoanálisis - sobre todo de la propuesta lacaniana del cártel - para pensar en la estructura de grupo como también potencialmente emancipadora. Creemos que eso está puesto en el fundamento del 'órgano basal' de la Escuela, al sugerir pensar para allá de la alienación de grupo.

Le but de cet article est aborder la limite d'échelle logique du cartel. Ce dispositif de transmission est proposé par Jacques Lacan et est appelé «organe de base¼ du fonctionnement de son école. Le cartel peut être compris comme une forme collective qui résulte de diverses tentatives - même les tentatives échouées - de constitution qui est structurée au-delàs des effets de «groupe¼ décrit par Freud dans Psychologie des masses et analyse du moi. Donc, il est prévu que le cartel échappe aux traditionnelles structures hiérarchiques et verticales, et aussi essaye de vider le sens des identifications entre les pairs et du «Moi idéal¼. À cette fin, la proposition est d'une disposition logique limitée à 4 +1, dans lequel les membres du cartel se réunissent autour d'un thème (qui fonctionnerait comme un lien entre le petit groupe), en présentant un argument de travail qui (simultanément) construit le groupe - une fois que les membres sont articulés par une production du savoir, une tâche - et identifie le problème. En prenant comme base la théorie des discours (laquelle s'utilise de mathèmes pour démontrer les mécanismes des liens sociaux) proposée par Lacan en 1969-70, la structure d'un cartel peut être associée à un enregistrement au discours de l'analyste. Les autres discours - du maître, de l'universitaire et de l'hystérique - dans certaines façons, cartographient le développement de la jouissance indifféremment des échelles sociales. La qualification «numérique¼ du cartel est peu étudiée chez la psychanalyse et, à notre avis, montre un engagement implicite de la théorie lacanienne avec certaines thèses de sociologie et de philosophie politique par rapport à l'origine de phénomènes de masse. En prenant ces idées on se demande ce qui serait un «lien par le discours analytique¼ qui ne corrobore pas avec ce corollaire restrictif, qui, contrairement aux autres discours, influence l'échelle du lien social. On s'est servi de la psychanalyse - en particulier de la proposition lacanienne de cartel - avec l'objectif de penser la structure de groupe comme potentiellement émancipatrice. On croit que cela est présenté dans le fondement de «l'orgue basale¼ de l'École, quand s'est suggérée penser au-delà de l'aliénation du groupe.

En-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth with clear aligner: A finite element analysis / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the stress distribution and the initial displacement of maxillary anterior teeth during en-masse retraction with clear aligner.Methods:The initial 3D finite element model of the maxillary teeth,PDL and alveolar bone was constructed by CBCT image reconstruction technique.Laser scanned image of crowns was merged with initial 3D model.The stress distribution and the initial displacement were analyzed by ANSYS Workbench when aligner was loaded.Results:The high simulation maxillary complex was constructed.Distal and lingual crown tipping of central incisors and lateral incisors were observed.The tendency of extrusion of the central and lateral incisors was consistant.The same tendency of stress distribution in PDL and initial displacement was appeared on incisors.The distal tipping movement was occurred on canine.Conclusion:Tipping movement along with extrusion can be produced by maxillary anterior teeth during en-rnasse retraction in extraction treatment with clear aligner.

Los movimientos sociales: ¿la nueva masa psicológica? / Social Movements: the New Psychological Mass? / Les mouvements sociaux: La nouvelle masse psychologique ?

Freud parece explicar el comportamiento psicológico de las masas organizadas a partir de los procesos anímicos de la psique individual. Bajo las consideraciones freudianas y a la luz de ciertas apreciaciones lacanianas, el presente trabajo, resultado de la una investigación de tesis de grado de la maestría en Psicoanálisis, subjetividad y Cultura de la Universidad Nacional, caracterizará una nueva formación colectiva que se ha venido gestando desde la década de los 80 y que parece diferenciarse radicalmente la masa psicológica freudiana. Se trata de los Movimientos Sociales, denominados así por los sociólogos y estudiosos de la psicología colectiva más recientes. Ésta nueva formación colectiva a primera vista parece poner en tela de juicio las apreciaciones freudianas sobre la psicología de las masas, o al menos demandar una nueva consideración de las mismas desde los aportes psicoanalíticos...

Freud seems to explain the psychological behavior of the organized masses from the mental processes of the individual psyche. Under the Freudian considerations and in light of certain Lacanian findings, the present research work, the result of an investigation thesis of the Master's Degree in Psychoanalysis, Subjectivity, and Culture at the National University of Colombia, will characterize a new collective formation that has been growing from the 1980s and that seems to be radically different from the Freudian psychological mass. This is the Social Movements, so called by the most recent sociologists and scholars of collective psychology. This new collective formation appears to call into question the Freudian insights on group psychology, or it demands at least a new consideration of masses from the psychoanalytic contributions...

Freud semble expliquer le comportement philosophique des masses organisées basé sur les processus animiques de la psyché individuelle. À la lumière des considérations freudiennes et de quelques réflexions lacaniennes, ce texte, résultat d'un projet de recherche pour l'obtention du Master Psychanalyse, subjectivité et culture de l'Université Nationale de Colombie, caractérisera une nouvelle formation collective qui évolue depuis les années 80 et qui semblerait se différencier radicalement de la masse psychologique freudienne. Il s'agit des Mouvement Sociaux, ainsi nommés par les sociologues et les spécialistes contemporains de la psychologie collective À première vue, cette formation collective semblerait remettre en cause les appréciations freudiennes sur la psychologie des masses, ou tout au moins, demander une nouvelle considération de celles-ci fondée sur les contributions psychanalytiques...

Modelado por elementos finitos del deslizamiento epifisiario / Modélisation par éléments finis du déplacement épiphysaire / Finite element modeling of epiphyseal gliding

Objetivo: desarrollar un análisis por elementos finitos de la influencia del ángulo fisis-diáfisis, la masa corporal y la actividad física con el fin de observar su predominancia en la incidencia de deslizamiento epifisiario. Métodos: se elaboraron los modelos correspondientes a las combinaciones entre cada uno de los parámetros definidos (ángulo, masa y actividad física), generando 20 casos diferentes, y se evaluaron los esfuerzos presentes a lo largo de la placa de crecimiento. Resultados: se muestra un comportamiento uniforme y similar entre cada combinación, así como un aumento en las tensiones en la medida en que se incrementaba el valor de la carga y del ángulo. Conclusiones: el esfuerzo tiende a aumentar cuando se incrementa tanto el ángulo como la masa física, lo cual sugiere que estos dos factores podrían influir de manera decisiva en el origen del deslizamiento epifisiario(AU)

Objective: to develop a finite element analysis of the influence of physis-diaphysis angle, body mass and physical activity to observe its predominance in the incidence of epiphyseal gliding. Methods: models corresponding to the combinations among each of the defined parameters (angle, mass and physical activity) were developed, generating 20 different cases and efforts present through the growth plate were evaluated. Results: a similar and uniform behaviour between each of the combinations is shown as well as an increase in tension at the same time as the value of the load and angle increases. Conclusions: effort tends to increase when there is an increment in both the angle and the physical mass what suggests that these two factors could have a decisive influence on the origin of the epiphyseal gliding(AU)

But: en s'appuyant sur la technique des éléments finis, une analyse de l'influence de l'angle physe-diaphyse, la masse corporelle et l'activité physique a été réalisée afin d'observer cette influence sur l'incidence du déplacement épiphysaire. Méthodes: des modèles correspondant aux combinaisons entre chaque paramètre défini (angle, masse et activité physique), en résultant 20 cas différents, ont été élaborés, et les efforts présents tout au long de la plaque de croissance ont été évalués. Résultats: un comportement uniforme et similaire entre chaque combinaison est montré, ainsi qu'une élevée des tensions au fur et à mesure que la valeur de la charge et l'angle augmentaient. Conclusions: l'effort tend à augmenter lorsque l'angle et la masse physique s'accroissent, ce qui indique que ces deux facteurs pourraient influer certainement sur l'origine du déplacement épiphysaire(AU)

Histologic assessment of the biological effects after speedy surgical orthodontics in a beagle animal model: a preliminary study / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: Speedy surgical orthodontics (SSO), an innovative orthodontic treatment, involves the application of orthopedic forces against temporary skeletal anchorage devices following perisegmental corticotomy to induce movement of specific dental segments. Herein, we report the biological effects of SSO on the teeth and periodontal structures. METHODS: Five beagle dogs were divided into 2 groups and their 6 maxillary incisors were retracted en masse by applying 500 g orthopedic force against a single palatal mini-plate. Retraction was performed without and with perisegmental corticotomy in groups I and II, respectively. All animals were killed on the 70th day, and their periodontal structures were processed for histologic analyses and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The linear distance between the third maxillary incisor and canine was used as a benchmark to quantify the retraction amount. RESULTS: Retraction was markedly faster and retraction amount greater in group II than in Group I. Surprisingly, Group II did not show any root resorption despite extensive retraction, while Group I showed prominent root surface irregularities. Similarly, SEM showed multiple resorption lacunae in Group I, but not in Group II. CONCLUSIONS: SSO is an effective and favorable orthodontic approach for major en masse retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth.

Severe bidentoalveolar protrusion treated with lingual Biocreative therapy using palatal miniplate / 대한치과교정학회지

This case report describes the treatment of a 23-year, 8-month-old female patient with a Class II malocclusion who showed severe bidentoalveolar protrusion and anterior crowding. The treatment plan consisted of extracting all the first premolars, decrowding and en masse retraction of the upper six anterior teeth and lower anteriors. The upper C-plate placed in the midpalatal area combined with lingual sheath fixtures were used as substitutes for posterior anchorage teeth during upper anterior retraction. Preadjusted brackets (0.022-inch) were used for upper anterior decrowding. A 0.9 mm diameter stainless steel lever-arm soldered to the main arch wire facilitated controlled retraction of upper anteriors. The upper and lower dentition was detailed using a tooth positioner during the finishing stage. Correct overbite and overjet were obtained by decrowding and retraction of the upper six anterior teeth into their proper positions. Use of the C-plate and lingual appliances provided ideal anchorage to enhance the improvement in facial balance. The active treatment period was 19 months. The treatment result was stable 13 months after debonding.

Factors influencing the axes of anterior teeth during SWA en masse sliding retraction with orthodontic mini-implant anchorage: a finite element study / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: With development of the skeletal anchorage system, orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) assisted en masse sliding retraction has become part of general orthodontic treatment. But compared to the emphasis on successful anchorage preparation, the control of anterior teeth axis has not been emphasized enough. METHODS: A 3-D finite element Base model of maxillary dental arch and a Lingual tipping model with lingually inclined anterior teeth were constructed. To evaluate factors influencing the axis of anterior teeth when OMI was used as anchorage, models were simulated with 2 mm or 5 mm retraction hooks and/or by the addition of 4 mm of compensating curve (CC) on the main archwire. The stress distribution on the roots and a 25000 times enlarged axis graph were evaluated. RESULTS: Intrusive component of retraction force directed postero-superiorly from the 2 mm height hook did not reduce the lingual tipping of anterior teeth. When hook height was increased to 5 mm, lateral incisor showed crown-labial and root-lingual torque and uncontrolled tipping of the canine was increased. 4 mm of CC added to the main archwire also induced crown-labial and root-lingual torque of the lateral incisor but uncontrolled tipping of the canine was decreased. Lingual tipping model showed very similar results compared with the Base model. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that height of the hook and compensating curve on the main archwire can influence the axis of anterior teeth. These data can be used as guidelines for clinical application.

Effect of the lower third molar on the treatment of Class III malocclusion / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the lower third molar on treatment time and distal en masse movement of the lower dentition in Class III malocclusions. Thirty subjects (9 males and 27 females) were selected, all of whom were diagnosed as Class III malocclusion and treated by fixed appliances without premolar and/or molar extraction. They were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 12 subjects, whose lower third molars were not extracted during the whole orthodontic treatment. Group 2 consisted of 8 subjects, whose lower third molars were extracted after MEAW application and before removal of the orthodontic appliances. Group 3 consisted of 16 subjects, whose lower third molars were extracted before MEAW application. For each subject, overall treatment time and duration of MEAW application were determined. In addition, pre-treatment and post- treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. All data were processed statistically with ANOVA, and the conclusions were as follows: There was no significant difference among the groups in overall treatment time. However, duration of MEAW application was longer in Group 2 than in Group 1 or Group 3. The overjet that was established after orthodontic treatment was largest in Group 3, in which the lower third molars were extracted before MEAW application. After orthodontic treatment, IMPA decreased in Group 3, but increased in Group 1 and Group 2. There was no significant difference among the three groups in the translation of lower second molars. However, the tipping movement of lower second molars was significantly different, highest in Group 2 and lowest in Group 1. Therefore, it is thought to be better for the orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusions to extract the lower third molars before MEAW application. In Group 2, the mandibular plane angle was decreased as a result of forward rotation of the mandible. This skeletal change was thought to bring about the difficulty of treatment.

A comparison of en masse retraction of six anterior teeth with separate canine retraction / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to compare en masse retraction of six anterior teeth with separate canine retraction in the amount of the anchorage loss and the retraction of the anterior teeth. The subjects consisted of 30 adult female patients with Angle Class I malocclusions who were treated by .022" straight wire appliance with 4 first premolar extraction. They were composed of two groups. Group 1 consisted of 15 subjects, whose six anterior teeth were retracted by en masse retraction. Group 2 consisted of 15 subjects, whose canines were retracted separately. Pre-treatment and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. All data were processed statistically with independent samples t-test, and the conclusions were as follows. 1. There was no significant difference in the amount of the anchorage loss between two groups(p>0.05). 2. There was no significant difference in the amount of the retraction of the anterior teeth between two groups(p>0.05). 3. There was a significant difference in the amount of the inclinational change of the upper incisors between two groups. It was greater in Group 2. 4. There was a significant difference in the vertical positional change of the upper incisal edges between two groups. The upper incisal edges in Group 2 were more extruded than Group 1 by about 1 mm. 5. There was no significant difference in the vertical positional change of the root apex of the upper incisors between two groups(p>0.05). And there was no significant difference in the vertical positional change of the upper molar(p>0.05).

A Cephalometric study on tooth movement pattern of maxillary 6 anteriors with double keyhole loops / 대한치과교정학회지

The present study hypothesized that the double keyhole looped archwire plays a positive role for the sake of translatory movement and/or controlled tipping of upper 6 anteriors, and secures anchorage control as well. The purposes of the study were to evaluate the changes in lateral cephalograms during orthodontic treatment with DKHLs and to compare the skeletal & dental changes before- & after-treatment. The materials of this study were lateral cephalograms of 20 adult patients with upper dentoalveolar protrusion both in class I and in class II Division 1 malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after orthodontic treatment with upper 1st bicuspid extraction and DKHLs. The results were obtained as follows: 1. There were no statistically significant differences in skeletal measurement except SNB and PTFH between before- & after-treatment. The major changes were in dentoalveolar region. 2. After treatment, there were statistically significant decrease in dental measurement except interincisal angle. 3. Both upper & lower lip protrusion was decreased. 4. There were statistically differences in upper anterior crown horizontal & root vertical dimension(7.08+/-2.14 mm, 2.38+/-1.15 mm, p<0.01). 5. There were statistically differences in upper posterior dental(both crown & root) horizontal dimension(2.48+/-0.99 mm, 2.05+/-0.91 mm, p<0.01).

Three dimensional finite element analysis of the phenomenon during distal en masse movement of the maxillary dentition / 대한치과교정학회지

This study was designed to analysis the displacement and stress distribution of individual tooth by orthodontic force during distal en masse movement of the maxillary dentition. In this study, three dimensional finite element analysis was used. Author made the finite element model of maxillary teeth, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and bracket with anatomic and physiologic characteristics on computer. Author analysed and evaluated the displacement and stress distribution of individual tooth when extraoral force, Class II intermaxillary elastics, ideal arch wire, MEAW and tip back bend were used for distal en masse movement of the maxillary dentition. These analyses were also applied in the case of the maxillary second molar were not extracted. Author compared the results of the cases which maxillary second molar were extracted or not. The results were expressed quantitatively and visually. Author obtained following results, 1. When anterior headgear was applied, the posterior translation, posterior tipping, and vertical displacement of teeth were produced more in the anterior segment of the dentition. 2. When Class II intermaxillary elastics were applied in the ideal arch wire, the teeth disp acement were usually produced in the anterior segment. But when tip back bend were added in the ideal arch, the orthodontic force produced by elastics were transmitted to the posterior segment. As increasing the tip back bend, posterior translation and lingual tipping of anterior teeth were decreased, posterior translation and tipping displacement of posterior teeth were increased, and extrusion of anterior teeth by Class II elastics were decreased. 3. When MEAW and Class II elastics were applied, the teeth movement were similar with the case of ideal arch wire and Class II elastics, but more small and uniform teeth displacement were produced. Compared with the ideal arch wire, posterior tipping of the posterior segment were more produced than lingual tipping displacement of the anterior segment. 4. When the maxillary second molar without orthodontic appliance existed, the displacement of maxillary first molar were decreased.