The morphology of the eggs in the Hermanella complex (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)

ABSTRACT The Hermanella complex is a well-established monophyletic group of Hagenulinae mayflies, but the phylogenetic relationships among its members are still being discussed. In order to fill some gaps in the taxonomy of this group we describe, for the first time, the eggs of eight species of this complex (Hermanella amere, Hermanella mazama, Hydromastodon sallesi, Hydrosmilodon gilliesae, Hydrosmilodon plagatus, Leentvaaria palpalis, Paramaka incognita, Paramaka sp.) using scanning electron microscopy, including some important members whose generic allocation have been questioned. The egg morphology in these eight species of Hermanella complex and their similarities with other species of the complex are discussed.

Intersexuality in Farrodes Peters, 1971 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from Brazil

ABSTRACT Gynandromorphism or intersexuality is a rare condition where the individual has male and female features. In this report we described two imagoes of Farrodes xingu Domínguez et al. (1996) from Brazil presenting intersex traits. We considered the arranged sexual characters as antero-posterior and bilateral. One individual has a male head, abdomen full of eggs and the subgenital plate with a malformed outset of penes (antero-posterior), while the other individual has half of the head with a male-like turbinate eye and the other half with a regular female-like one, and with malformed male genitalia (bilateral).

First record of Hydrosmilodon primanus (Eaton) (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) from South America / Primer registro de Hydrosmilodon primanus (Eaton) (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) para Sur América

In this paper the first record of Hydrosmilodon primanus (Eaton, 1892) from South America is presented. The record of the species is based on nymphs collected in San Sebastián de Mariquita city, Tolima department, Colombia.

En este trabajo se presenta por primera vez el registro de la especie Hydrosmilodon primanus (Eaton, 1892) para Sur América. El registro de la especie es basado en ninfas colectadas en el municipio de San Sebastián de Mariquita, departamento del Tolima, Colombia.

Tortopus Needham & Murphy and Tortopsis Molineri (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae) new species and new records from Brazil and Ecuador / Tortopus Needham & Murphy e Tortopsis Molineri (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae) nova espécie e novos registros de Brasil e Ecuador

Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 with six and 10 species, respectively, are sister genera distributed in the Neartic and Neotropical regions. In spite that most species are known from the tropics of South America, only one species of each of these groups have been recorded from Brazil. Here we present distributional data expanding greatly the range of these groups including three new country records for Brazil: Tortopus igaranus Needham & Murphy, 1924, Tortopsis limoncocha Molineri, 2010 and Tortopsis spatula Molineri, 2010. We describe a distinct new species, Tortopus ipixuna sp. nov., from male imagos, that present a unique subrectangular pedestal. Additionally we redescribe the male imago of Tortopus harrisi Traver, 1950 (previously known only from the holotype), and we give the first records for Tortopsis canum Gonçalves, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2011 from Espírito Santo and for Tortopsis spatula from Ecuador. Some variations in morphological structures of these species are also described, illustrated and discussed.

Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 e Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 com seis e 10 espécies, respectivamente, são gêneros irmãos distribuídos nas regiões Neártica e Neotropical. A despeito da maioria das espécies ser conhecida de áreas tropicais da América do Sul, apenas uma espécie de cada um dos gêneros foi registrada para o Brasil. No presente estudo apresentamos dados que expandem significativamente a distribuição desses grupos, incluindo três registros inéditos para o Brasil: Tortopus igaranus Needham & Murphy, 1924, Tortopsis limoncocha Molineri, 2010 e Tortopsis spatula Molineri, 2010. Descrevemos uma nova espécie, Tortopus ipixuna sp. nov., a partir de imagos que apresentam um distinto pedestal subretangular. Adicionalmente redescrevemos a imago macho de Tortopus harrisi Traver 1950 (previamente conhecida apenas pelo holótipo), e registramos Tortopsis canum Gonçalves, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2011 pela primeira vez para o Espírito Santo, e Tortopsis spatula para o Equador. Algumas variações em estruturas dessas espécies também são descritas, ilustradas e discutidas.

A New Generic Synonymy for Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) from Patagonia, and Descriptions of Female and Subimagos of Dactylophlebia carnulenta Pescador & Peters

Specimens of Dactylophlebia carnulenta Pescador & Peters, only known from nymphal stage, were collected and reared in situ. From the material obtained, Archethraulodes spatulus Pescador & Peters, known from male imago and the only known species for the genus, is proposed as junior synonymy with D. carnulenta. Additionally, female imago and subimagos of D. carnulenta are described.

Espécies de Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) do Sul da Bahia, com descrição de uma nova espécie de Paracloeodes day / Species of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from Southern Bahia State, Brazil, with description of a new species of Paracloeodes day

Based on collections in five municipalities from southern Bahia, a new species, Paracloeodes quadridentatus sp. n., is described from Brazil. It can be distinguished, among other characteristics, by the presence of three, often four, well developed denticles on the tarsal claws, a characteristic that has never been found in other species of the genus. Besides the description of the new species, the following 14 taxa of Baetidae are recorded for the first time from the State of Bahia: Americabaetis alphus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Americabaetis labiosus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Aturbina georgei Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Baetodes sp., Callibaetis sp., Camelobaetidius francischettii Salles Andrade & Da-Silva, Camelobaetidius lassance Salles & Serrão, Camelobaetidius sp. 1, Camelobaetidius sp. 2, Cloeodes cf. opacus Nieto & Richard, Cryptonympha dasilvai Salles & Francischetti, Spiritiops silvudus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Waltzoyphius fasciatus McCafferty & Lugo-Ortiz e Zelusia principalis Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty. As this is the first survey of Baetidae from Bahia, and it was restricted to the southern part of the state, sampling efforts in other areas are extremely required and should increase considerably the number of species, or even genera, reported from the state.

First report of Simuliidae and Chironomidae (Diptera) living on nymphs of Lachlania Hagen (Ephemeroptera: Oligoneuriidae) in South America / Primeiro registro Simuliidae e Chironomidae (Diptera) vivendo sobre ninfas de Lachlania Hagen (Ephemeroptera: Oligoneuriidae) na América do Sul

We report cases of Simuliidae and Chironomidae living on Lachlania nymphs (Ephemeroptera). This is the first record of these associations in South America. Simulium exiguum (pupae and larvae), Simulium cuasiexiguum (larvae), Cricotopus sp. (larva) and Rheotanytarsus sp. (larva) were found associated with Lachlania nymphs. We believe that all of these associations can be classified as opportunistic (or casual) attachment.

Este é o primeiro registro de associações entre imaturos de Simuliidae e Chironomidae vivendo sobre ninfas do gênero Lachlania (Ephemeroptera) na América do Sul. Simulium exiguum (pupas e larvas), Simulium cuasiexiguum (larvas), Cricotopus sp. (larva) and Rheotanytarsus sp. (larva) foram coletadas vivendo sobre/aderidas a ninfas de Lachlania. Apesar de existirem algumas espécies que vivem, obrigatoriamente, sobre ninfas e larvas de outros insetos aquáticos, no presente estudo estas associações podem ser classificadas como casuais.