Memory complaints, clinical aspects, and self-esteem in adult people with epilepsy / Queixa de memória, aspectos clínicos e a autoestima em pessoas adultas com epilepsia

ABSTRACT Memory complaints are common in adult people with epilepsy (PWEs). However, the associated clinical aspects are not yet fully understood. Objective: This study aims to relate the occurrence of memory complaints in PWEs with clinical aspects and self-esteem. Methods: To relate the data obtained from the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q) with clinical aspects, 71 PWEs were assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Brief Cognitive Battery-Edu. These data were compared with 55 individuals in a control group (CG). Results: Memory complaints (MAC-Q≥25) were significantly higher in PWEs, when compared with individuals in the CG [35 (49.3%) vs. 15 (27.2%); Student's t-test; p=0.012]. Objective cognitive performance was lower in PWEs. Memory complaints were associated with a lower educational level, the presence of depression, SES, MMSE, incidental memory, and the clock-drawing test scores in PWEs. Conclusions: Memory complaints were more frequent in PWEs than in individuals in the CG, and there was a relationship with cognitive deficit, educational level, depression, and low self-esteem.

RESUMO Queixas de memória são frequentes em pessoas adultas com epilepsia (PCEs). Entretanto, os aspectos clínicos associados ainda não são totalmente compreendidos. Objetivo: Relacionar a ocorrência de queixas de memória em PCEs com aspectos clínicos e a autoestima. Métodos: Relacionar os dados do Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q) com aspectos clínicos, a Roserberg Self-esteem Scale (SES), o MEEM e a BCB-Edu de 71 PCEs. Os dados foram comparados aos de 55 indivíduos normais (GC). Resultados: Queixa de memória (MAC-Q≥25) foi significativamente maior nos PCEs quando comparada a do GC [35 (49,3%) vs. 15 (27,2%); teste t de Student; p=0,012]. O desempenho cognitivo objetivo foi inferior nas PWEs. As queixas de memória foram associadas à menor escolaridade, presença de depressão e à SES, o MEEM, à memória incidental e o clock-drawing test nas PCEs. Conclusões: As queixas de memória foi mais frequente nas PCEs do que no GC, e houve relação com o déficit cognitivo, a escolaridade, a depressão e a baixa autoestima.

Subjective memory complaint and its relationship with cognitive changes and physical vulnerability of community-dwelling older adults / Queixa subjetiva de memória e relação com alterações cognitivas e vulnerabilidade física de idosos da comunidade

ABSTRACT. Memory complaint (MC) is common in older adults and can be confirmed by people close to them, such as family members and caregivers. Studies show an association between MC and cognitive impairment and, hence, physical vulnerability may exacerbate MC. However, the relationship between MC and physical vulnerability is not yet clear in the literature.\ Objective: to investigate the association between MC, cognitive impairment, and physical vulnerability. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. We evaluated 100 older adults with a mean age of 65 years or over. The Memory Complaint Scale (MCS), Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Vulnerable Elderly Research-13 (VES-13), Geriatric Depression Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire were applied. Results: participants were divided into two groups according to results on the MCS-A (elderly) and MCS-B (informant). Correlations were found between the MCS-A and the MMSE (p=.045/ρ=.201), ACE-R/Visual-Spatial (p=.048/ρ=.199), and ACE-R/Attention-Orientation (p=.026/ρ=.223). For the MCS-B, correlations were found with total score on the ACE-R (p=.044/ρ=-.202) and the ACE-R/Visual-Spatial (p=0.003/ρ=-.291). Conclusion: MC reported by the informant indicate the need to assess, in more depth, the cognition of the older adult. Thus, for clinical practice, screening of MC through an informant is advised.

RESUMO. A queixa de memória (QM) é comum em idosos e pode ser confirmada por pessoas próximas a ele, como familiares e cuidadores. Estudos apontam associação entre QM e alterações cognitivas e, nesse sentido, a vulnerabilidade física poderia exacerbá-la. Porém, a relação entre QM e vulnerabilidade física ainda não está clara na literatura. Objetivo: investigar a relação entre QM, alterações cognitivas e vulnerabilidade física. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foram avaliados 100 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos. Utilizou-se a Escala de Queixa de Memória (EQM), Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke - Revisado (ACE-R), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13), Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com os resultados da EQM formas A (idoso) e B (informante). Encontrou-se correlação entre a EQM-A e MEEM (p=.045/ρ=.201), ACE-R Atenção e Orientação (p=.026/ρ=.223) e ACE-R/Visual-Espacial (p=.048/ρ=.199). Na EQM-B encontrou-se correlação entre pontuação total do ACE-R (p=.044/ρ=-.202) e ACE-R/Visual-Espacial. (p=.003/ρ=-.291). Conclusão: o relato de QM a partir do informante aponta a necessidade de avaliação mais aprofundada da cognição dos idosos. Assim, para a prática clínica, o rastreio de QM do informante é aconselhado.

Subjective cognitive impairment, cognitive disorders and self-perceived health: The importance of the informant / Comprometimento cognitivo subjetivo, alterações cognitivas e autopercepção de saúde: a importância do informante

ABSTRACT There is great divergence of results in the literature regarding the clinical relevance and etiology of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). Currently, SCI is studied as a pre-clinical symptom of Alzheimer's disease, before establishing a possible diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The hypothesis was that SCI is associated with low cognitive performance and poor self-perceived health. Objective: to investigate the relationship of SCI with objective cognitive impairment and self-perceived health in older individuals and to compare SCI reported by the elderly subjects and by their respective informants. Methods: 83 subjects participated in the study, divided between the forms of the Memory Complaint Scale (MCS). Cognition was evaluated by the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised and self-perceived health by the Short Form Health Survey-8. Results: there was no association between SCI and self-perceived health. SCI reported by the older adults was associated with executive functions. SCI reported by the informant was associated with overall cognitive performance, memory, verbal fluency and visuospatial functions. Conclusion: we found more robust results between SCI reported by the informant and cognitive impairment in the elderly assessed. There is a need to include and value the perception of someone who knows the older individual well enough to evaluate SCI globally.

RESUMO Há grande divergência de resultados na literatura em relação à relevância clínica e à etiologia do comprometimento cognitivo subjetivo (CCS). Atualmente, o CCS é estudado como um sintoma pré-clínico da doença de Alzheimer, antes de se estabelecer um possível diagnóstico de CCL. A hipótese é que o CCS pode estar associado a um desempenho inferior em testes cognitivos ou a uma autopercepção de saúde ruim. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a relação do CCS com o comprometimento cognitivo objetivo e a autopercepção de saúde em idosos e comparar o CCS relatado pelos idosos e o CCS relatado pelo informante. Métodos: 83 sujeitos participaram do estudo, divididos entre as formas da Escala de Queixa de Memória para as análises. A cognição foi avaliada pelo Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke - Revisado e autopercepção da saúde pelo Short Form Health Survey-8. Resultados: não houve associação entre CCS e autopercepção de saúde. O CCS relatado pelos idosos foi associado com funções executivas. O CCS reportado pelo informante esteve associado ao desempenho cognitivo global, memória, fluência verbal e função visual espacial. Conclusão: neste estudo encontramos resultados mais robustos entre CCS relatado pelo informante e o comprometimento cognitivo objetivo dos idosos, evidenciando a necessidade de incluir e valorizar a percepção de um indivíduo que conheça o idoso bem o suficiente para avaliar o CCS de maneira integrada.

Analysis of cognitive domains among community-dwelling elders with normal cognitive function / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To assess the characteristics of the community-dwelling elderly through a variety of objective evaluation and subjective evaluation tools and provide basis for cognitive function intervention in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods This study evaluated the global cognitive function, memory, executive function and attention and subjective memory feeling of 74 community-dwelling healthy elderly in Beijing. Results The study included 74 community-dwelling healthy elderly. The score of overall cognitive function was (27.28 ± 1.30) points. Less than 80% of participator did not acquire the total score in abstract, language, visual space and executive function. And only 9.8% acquired the total score in the delayed memory .The average score of the memory satisfaction questionnaire was (38.28 ± 9.40) points.In addition, there was no significant correlation between the scores of memory satisfaction of the elderly and the scores of cognitive function scale(r =0.038, P>0.05). The community elderly with normal general cognitive function also showed a relative decline in various cognitive areas, especially in delayed memory. In addition, there was no significant correlation between subjective memory perception and cognitive function scale (r=-0.116-0.157, P>0.05). Conclusions The community-dwelling elderly with normal global cognitive function have cognitive decline in some cognitive function domains. And the cognitive function training needs to be carried out in community. There is no relationship between subjective memory assessment and objective cognitive function. More researches about the relationship between subjective memory assessment and objective cognitive function should be carried out in the future.

Influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment in people with subjective memory complaints / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the people with subjective memory complaints.Methods Convalescents aged over 60 years old with subjective memory complaints were enrolled in this study. Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and activity of daily living scale (ADL) were used to screen the participants with MCI, who were allocated into the MCI group. Those without MCI were taken as controls. The sex, age, education backgrounds, chronic disease, physical activity, smoking, drinking and social activity were compared between two groups; and the prevalence rate of MCI and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of MCI was 71.15% (37/52) in the MCI group. The proportions of participants aged ≥70 years old, education period ≤12 years, with chronic disease, less physical activity and social activity were significantly higher in MCI group than those in the control group (P0.05). Conclusion Subjective memory complaint is closely related to MCI in the elderly. In those with subjective memory complaint, age, education background, presence of chronic disease, physical activity and social activity are the main influencing factors of MCI.

Analysis on the everyday memory characteristics and life quality of people with subjective memory complaints / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of everyday memory of adults with subjective memory complaints (SMC),and probe into the correlation between everyday memory function and life quality.Methods Through convenience sampling,150 adults with SMC were face-to-face interviewed by an investigator,with demographic characteristics collected,and the cognition function,everyday memory function and life quality were also assessed during the interview.Results Among the 150 adults with SMC,the impairment rate of everyday memory function reached 96％,and the median score of RBMT-II was 16.00 (interquartile range 6.00),indicating a low level of everyday memory function,with the Name andDelayed recall Story items having lower scores.All participants were divided into two groups according to cognitive status,with 67 (44.70％) adults having normal cognitive function and 83 (55.30％) impaired cognitive function.After comparison,significant differences were found in the total score of RBMT-II and scores ofFaces recognition andDelayed recall Story between the two groups (P＜0.05).In all dimensions of SF-36,the median score of general health dimension for the 150 adults was 55.00 (inter-quartile range 31.25).The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the scores of several dimensions in RBMT-II were positively correlated with the scores of several dimensions in SF-36 (P＜0.05).Conclusion Everyday memory function of people with SMC was positively CorTelated with their life quality.

Association between Cerebral Amyloid Deposition and Clinical Factors Including Cognitive Function in Geriatric Depression: Pilot Study Using Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cerebral amyloid deposition and overall clinical factors including cognitive functions in geriatric depression by using 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography. Thirteen subjects aged over 60 years who had a history of major depressive disorder and also had subjective memory complaint were included. Of all subjects, 3 subjects judged as amyloid positive, and the others judged as amyloid negative. Their memory, visuospatial functions and attention abilities were negatively correlated with amyloid deposition in specific brain regions, but their language and recognition abilities were not correlated with any region. The amyloid deposition of the whole brain region was significantly negatively correlated with immediate memory.

An analysis of cognitive status for elderly people with subjective memory complaint in seven community of Shapingba district in Chongqing city / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the cognitive status of community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMC).Methods A total of 262 older adults with SMC were included based on convenience sampling.Face-to-face interview was conducted for demographic information collection and cognitive assessment.Statistical analyses Were undertaken using SPSS version 19.0.Results The participants with SMC had a low level of general cognitive function,with a mean score of 22.18±4.21 on the MoCA; the two cognitive domains of abstraction' and deIayed memory had the lowest scores,with an average score of 0.85±0.82 and 2.91± 1.50 respectively,and the average scoring rate lower than 60.00％.About 54.20％ of the older adults with SMC presented with cognitive impairment.The scores ofabstraction were low in the participants with and without cognitive impairment.In addition,the scores of visuospatial/executive function, language and delayed memory were low in the participants with cognitive impairment.The cognitive impairment of persons with SMC may be associated with age and marital status.The people over the age of 70 years and widowed ones are more likely to suffer from cognitive dysfunction.Conclusion The older adults with SMC have a low level of general cognitive function,and cognitive imPairment detection rate is higher.Advanced age and widowhood are important factors affecting their cognitive function.

Subjective memory complaint in the elderly may be related to factors other than cognitive deficit / Queixas subjetivas de memória no idoso podem ser relacionadas a outros fatores além de déficit cognitivo

Prevalence of subjective memory complaints (SMC) in elderly community dwellers (ECD) ranges from 25 to 50%. Some controversy exists over the association between SMC and cognitive status. Objective: We investigated whether a correlation in cognitive performance existed between two different groups according to SMC. Methods: The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Dementia Rating Scale-Mattis (DRS-Mattis) were applied to two groups: ECD (n=14) with SMC and residents (n=14) of a long-term care facility (LTCF) without SMC. Results: The median age in the ECD group was 81.0 years, and in the LTCF group was 75.0 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p=0.048) between these groups regarding age. Concerning schooling (1-8 or ?9 years), there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.638). No statistically significant difference between the two groups was found for scores on the cognitive tests. Conclusion: SMC might be related to extrinsic factors other than insipient cognitive decline.

A prevalência de queixa subjetiva de memória (QSM) em idosos da comunidade (IRC) varia de 25-50%. Controvérsias existem a respeito da associação entre QSM e cognição. Objetivos: Foi investigado se há correlação entre QSM e declínio cognitivo em dois diferentes grupos. Método: Foi aplicado o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e a Escala de Avaliação de Demência Mattis (DRS-Mattis) em dois grupos de idosos: IRC (n=14) que apresentaram QSM e residentes (n=14) de uma instituição de longa permanência (ILP) sem QSM. Resultados: A mediana de idade do grupo ?IRC? foi de 81,0 anos e a do grupo ?ILP? foi de 75,0. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,048) entre eles, considerando a idade. Não houve esta diferença (p=0,638) na distribuição dos indivíduos quando analisada a escolaridade (1-8 ou ?9 anos). Considerando-se os escores dos instrumentos cognitivos, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre grupos. Conclusões: QSM pode estar relacionada a outros fatores em idosos, e não somente à presença de declínio cognitivo.