Progress in the development of common experimental animal models of the eye neoplasm and the orbital diseases / 中华实验眼科杂志

The eye neoplasm and the orbital diseases are a class of serious illness which will cause visual function damage and even life threatening.At present,the etiology and pathogenesis of the most eye neoplasm and orbital diseases are still not clear,which has an adverse effect on the treatment.The medical experimental animal models are the ideal model to simulate human diseases.At the same time,the establishment of related animal models with the eye neoplasm and the orbital diseases is a helpful aid in getting to know the etiology and pathogenesis,providing a basis for studying the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases.Some progress has been achieved some progress in recent years,however,compared to other diseases,the related animal models of these are still few.The progress in the common experimental animal models of the eye neoplasm and the orbital diseases,the animal models of the thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO),the orbital adenoid cystic carcinoma,the retinoblastoma (RB),the uveal melanoma,and the idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor were reviewed in this article.

Atividade da mieloperoxidase está aumentada na síndrome hepatopulmonar em ratos / Myeloperoxidase activity is increased in hepatopulmonary syndrome in rats

RACIONAL: A síndrome hepatopulmonar é formada por tríade clínica composta de doença hepática, dilatação vascular intrapulmonar e alterações de gases sanguíneos. Sua patogênese não é bem definida, mas especula-se que uma combinação de fatores, tais como o desequilíbrio das respostas dos receptores de endotelina, remodelação microvascular pulmonar e predisposição genética, leva à translocação bacteriana e dilatação vascular intrapulmonar. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a atividade da mieloperoxidase em modelo experimental de síndrome hepatopulmonar em ratos. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 29 animais divididos em grupos controle, sham e experimental de síndrome hepatopulmonar. O modelo experimental utilizado para induzir a síndrome foi a ligadura de ducto biliar comum. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de mieloperoxidase foram significativamente maiores no grupo ligadura de ducto biliar comum em comparação com os outros grupos. A atividade da mieloperoxidase foi maior no grupo ligadura de ducto biliar comum que o grupo controle (p<0,05) e do grupo sham (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A atividade da mieloperoxidase estava aumentada na síndrome hepatopulmonar experimentais em ratos.

BACKGROUND: Hepatopulmonary syndrome is formed by a triad of liver disease, intrapulmonary vascular dilatation and changes in blood gases. Its pathogenesis is not well defined, but it is speculated that a combination of factors, such as the imbalance of endothelin receptor responses, pulmonary microvascular remodeling, and genetic predisposition, leads to bacterial translocation and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation. AIM: To evaluate the myeloperoxidase activity in hepatopulmonary syndrome in rat model. METHOD: Twenty-nine rats were divided into control, sham and experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome groups. Was evaluated the myeloperoxidase activity and the experimental model used to induce hepatopulmonary syndrome was common bile duct ligation. RESULTS: The myeloperoxidase activity levels were significantly increased in the common bile duct ligation group as compared with the other groups. Myeloperoxidase activity was higher in the common bile duct ligation group than control group (p<0.05) and than sham group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The myeloperoxidase activity is increased in experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome in rats.

Experimental study on anti-gout effects of Lingdantongfengkang Capsule / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To provide foundation for clinical application through studying the drug action and mechanism of action of Lingdantongfengkang Capsule on anti-gout effects. Methods: Lingdantongfengkang Capsule was taken orally. The experimental methods were as follow: mouse ear swell induced by dimethylbenzene, mouse pain induced by injecting acidum aceticum in abdominal cavity, mouse hyperuricemia model induced by yeast. Results: Lingdantongfengkang Capsule could lessen mouse ear swell induced by dimethylbenzene, decreae mouse stretching frequencies induced by injecting acidum aceticum in abdominal cavity and antagonize animal serum uric acid,liveness of xanthinoxidase and urea nitrogen induced by yeast to mice.Conclusion: Lingdantongfengkang Capsule possesses the anti-gout effects.

A Study on the In-Vitro Test of Thrombogenesis in Centrifugal Biopump / 대한흉부외과학회지

No abstract available.

Recovery Trajectory in Tachycardia Induced Heart Failure Model / 대한흉부외과학회지

BACKGROUND: Tachycardia induced heart failure model would be the model of choice for the dilated cardiomyopathy. This more closely resembles the clinical syndrome and does not require major surgical trauma, myocardial ischemia and pharmacological or toxic depression of cardiac function. When heart failure is progressive, application of new surgical procedures to the faling heart is highly risky. It has been shown that recovery trajectory from heart failure is a new method in decreasing animal mortality. The purpose is to establish the control datas for recovery trajectory in the canine heart failure model. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 21 mongrel dogs were studied at 4 stages(baseline, at the heart failure, 4 and 8 weeks after recovery). Heart failure was induced during 4 weeks of continuous rapid pacing using a pacemaker. Eight weeks of trajectory of recovery period was allowed. Indices of left ventricular function and dimension were measured every 2 weeks and the hemodynamics were measured by use of Swan-Ganz catheterization and thermodilution method every 4 weeks. Values were expressed as mean+/-standard deviation. RESULT: 4(20%) dogs died due to heart failure. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume at the 4 stages were 40.8+/-7.4, 82.1+/-21.1, 59.9+/-7.7 and 46.5+/-6.5ml. Left ventricular end-systolic volume showed the same trend. Ejection fractions were 50.6+/-4.1, 17.5+/-5.8, 36.3+/-7.3, and 41.5+/-2.4%. Blood pressure and heart rate showed no significant changes. Pressures of central vein, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary capillary wedge showed significant increase during the heart failure period, normalizing at the end of recovery period. Stroke volumes were 21.5+/-8.2, 12.3+/-3.5, 17.9+/-4.6, and 15.5+/-3.4ml. Blood norepinephrine level was 133.3+/-60.0pg/dL at the baseline and 479.4+/-327.3pg/dL at the heart failure stage(p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Development of tachycardia induced heart failure model is of high priority due to ready availability and reasonable amenability to measurements. Recovery trajectory after cessation of tachycardia showed reduction of cardiac dilatation and heart function. Application of new surgical procedures during the recovery period could decrease animal mortality.

Experimental Fetal Cardiopulmonary Bypass in the Fetal Lamb Model / 대한흉부외과학회지

BACKGROUND: We tested the technical feasibility of fetal cardiac bypass and collected baseline data on the fetal hemodynamics and placental functions related to the cardiopulmonary bypass in the fetal lamb model. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eleven fetuses at 120 to 150 days of gestation were subjected to bypass via trans-sternal approach with a 12 G pulmonary arterial cannula and 14 to 18 F venous cannula for 30 minutes. All ewes received general anesthesia with ketamine. In all the fetuses, no anesthetic agents were used except muscle relaxant. Eight served as a group in which placenta was excluded from the extracorporeal circulation by clamping the umbilical cord during the bypass(the oxygenator group) and in the remaining three, the placenta worked as the only source of oxygen supply(the placenta group). Observations were made every 10 minute during a 30-minute bypass and 30-minute post bypass period. No prostaglandin inhibitors were used both in ewes and in fetuses. RESULT: Weights of the fetuses ranged from 1.9 to 5.2 kg. In the oxygenator group, means of arterial pressure, PaO2, atrial pressure, heart rate, and bypass flow rate ranged 69.8 to 82.6 mmHg, 201.7 to 220.9 mmHg, 4.1 to 4.3 mmHg, 169 to 182/min, and 140.3 to 164.0 ml/kg/min, respectively during bypass, but rapid deterioration of the fetal cardiac functions and the placental gas exchange was observed after the cessation of bypass. In the placenta group, means of arterial pressure decreased from 44.7 to 14.4 mmHg and means of PaCO2 increased from 61.9 to 129.6 mmHg during bypass. Flow rate was suboptimal(74.3 to 97.0 ml/kg/min) during bypass. All hearts fibrillated immediately after the discontinuation of bypass. CONCLUSION: In this study, the technical feasibility of fetal cardiopulmonary bypass was confirmed in the fetal lamb model. However, further studies with modifications of the bypass including an addition of prostaglandin inhibitor, an application of the total spinal anesthesia on the fetus, a creation of more concise bypass circuit, and a use of active pump are mandatory to improve the outcome.

Experimental Pig Model of OSAHS under the Lower Pressure Condition and Its CT Study / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To produce the experimental pig model of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) through raising pigs in the lower pressure container in order to study the effect of low pressure on morphology of upper respiratory soft tissue in pig.Methods The pigs were living in a container of low pressure for 6 months to make up the pig models of OSAHS.When the symptoms like OSAHS appearing and the pharyngeal respiratory pressure changing like the characteristics of OSAHS,the pigs were scanned by CT and compared with controls.Results The pharyngeal rear wall and soft palate in model pigs were thickened(0.94 cm?0.16 cm and 1.06 cm?0.23 cm respectively),while in control groups were(0.60 cm?0.11 cm and 0.59 cm?0.13 cm respectively).The cross-sectional area of upper airway in anterior,middle and rear parts were(1.49?0.12) cm2,(1.37?0.32) cm2 and(1.00?0.21) cm2 respectively,the narrowest part was in rear area,and in control groups were(1.30?0.14) cm2,(1.57?0.32) cm2 and(2.48?0.42) cm2 respectively.Conclusion The lower pressure condition can be used to produce animal experimental model of OSAHS,the low pressure is the important factor to cause OSAHS.

A new animal model of gastric cancer induced by MNNG's attacking combining ulcer / 中国药理学通报

AIM To establish a new animal model of gastric cancer with high incidence rate and short experimental period. METHODS Using N methyl N′ nitro N nitrasoguanidine(MNNG) combining ucler to induce rats to gastric cancer, taking the pathological situation of rats as the standard of canceration. RESULTS Six rats coming from model group were found as gastric cacinoma, the incidence rate of gastric cancer can reach forty percent. CONCLUSION This method can induce high incidence rate of gastric cancer during short experimental period. It deserves imroving and developing.

CHANGE IN NUMBER AND DISTRIBUTION OF PANCREATIC A- AND B-CELLS IN DIABETIC CHINESE HAMSTER / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

The change in pancreatic A- and B-cells in Chinese hamsters with spontaneous hereditary diabetes mellitus were investigated with specific immunohistochemical and image analyzing methods. A variety of pathological changes of the islets and change in number and distribution of the pancreatic A- and B-cells were found in diabetic Chinese hamsters. Microscopic examination revealed that the intensity of staining reaction of pancreatic B-cells varied greatly and the number of A-cells increased in this model. The results of image analysis showed that the range of the average optical density of B-cell staining was 54.4% wider than that in the control and the percentage of the glucagon positive immunoreactive area in the islet was significantly higher in diabetic Chinese hamsters(31.6?13.2%)than in the controls(21. 8?7.5%). These findings suggest that the islet cytology of this diabetic model changes significantly.