Evaluación de un biorecubrimiento comestible a base de almidón modificado aplicado a aguacate (Persea americana) mínimamente procesado

RESUMEN Los recubrimientos se definen como productos comestibles que forman una fina capa sobre el alimento y se caracterizan por que constituyen una barrera semipermeable a los gases y al vapor de agua que retrasa el deterioro del alimento, mejoran las propiedades mecánicas, ayudan a mantener la integridad estructural del producto que envuelven, ayudan a retener compuestos volátiles y pueden actuar como vehículo de aditivos alimentarios. Se evaluó el desempeño de los biorecubrimientos sobre el aguacate mediante la determinación de propiedades sensoriales y fisicoquímicas. Los resultados muestran que todas las variables están significativamente influenciadas por la biomolécula empleada "almidón modificado de ñame variedad espino", observando un desempeño favorable en los biorecubrimientos comestibles, por lo cual se confirma la efectividad de utilizar biorecubrimiento comestible a base de almidón modificado de ñame con anhídrido n-octenil succínico (n-OSA) como una alternativa para la conservación del aguacate mínimamente procesado debido a que presentó menor variación de las propiedades fisicoquímicas.

ABSTRACT Coatings are defined as edible products which form a thin layer on food, and are characterized by a semipermeable barrier for gases and water vapor which slow food spoilage, improve mechanical properties, help maintain the structural integrity of product wrapping, retain volatile compounds and can act as a vehicle for food additives. We evaluated the performance of biofilms on avocado through the determination of physico-chemical and sensory properties. The results show that all the variables were significantly influenced by the biomolecule employed "modified yam variety espino starch", noting a favorable performance in edible biofilms, confirming the effectiveness of using edible biorecubation based on modified yam starch with n-octenyl succinic anhydhyded (n-OSA) as an alternative for the preservation of minimally processed avocado because it had less variation in physicochemical properties.

Evaluación de un biorecubrimiento comestible a base de almidon de ñame modificado / Evaluation of an biofilms edible starch-based yam modified

Coatings are defined as edible products which form a thin layer on the food, and are characterized by it constitute a semipermeable barrier to gases and water vapor retarding food spoilage, improve the mechanical properties, help maintain the structural integrity of the product wrapping, to retain volatile compounds and can act as a vehicle for food additives. We evaluated the performance of the biofilms on melon through the determination of physico-chemical and sensory properties. The results show that all the variables are significantly influenced by the biomolecule employed "modified starch", noting a favorable performance in the edible biofilms.

Los recubrimientos se definen como productos comestibles que forman una fina capa sobre el alimento y se caracterizan por que constituyen una barrera semipermeable a los gases y al vapor de agua que retrasa el deterioro del alimento, mejoran las propiedades mecánicas, ayudan a mantener la integridad estructural del producto que envuelven, ayudan a retener compuestos volátiles y pueden actuar como vehículo de aditivos alimentarios. Se evaluó el desempeño de los biorecubrimientos sobre el melón mediante la determinación de propiedades sensoriales y fisicoquímicas. Los resultados muestran que todas las variables están significativamente influenciadas por la biomolécula empleada "almidón modificado", observando un desempeño favorable en los biorecubrimientos comestibles.

Efeitos da modificação por ácidos orgânicos e do processo de secagem sobre as propriedades de expansão do amido de mandioca / Effects of modification by organic acids and the drying process on the expansion properties of cassava starch

O amido fermentado de mandioca, polvilho azedo, possui ampla aplicação em produtos de panificação, devido à propriedade de expansão, sem fermento e sem glúten, o que alavancou a comercialização dos amidos substituintes modificados por ácido. O polvilho azedo é fermentado e seco ao sol, com a geração de ácidos: acético, butírico, lático e propiônico, enquanto os amidos modificados por ácido não são fermentados. Neste trabalho foi produzido o polvilho azedo, seco ao sol e em estufa e amidos modificados pelos ácidos prevalentes na fermentação, secos em UVC. Todos os amidos foram comparados, quanto aos ácidos orgânicos, dos amidos secos em diferentes condições e apenas fermentados, sem secagem, bem com quanto às características físico-químicas e reológicas. Ficou comprovado que a secagem solar favorece um produto mais ácido e de maior expansão. O maior volume específico foi observado para a amostra fermentada seca ao sol, seguida das modificadas por ácido lático 0,5 % e ácido acético 0,5 % e ácido lático 1 %. A baixa expansão da amostra fermentada e seca em estufa (E) mostrou que apenas a presença dos ácidos orgânicos não é suficiente para expansão e que a radiação UV (artificial ou solar) influencia diretamente nessa característica.

The fermented cassava starch, polvilho azedo, has wide application in bakery products, due to expansion property without yeast and gluten, which leveraged the marketing of starches modified by acid. The cassava starch is fermented and sun dried, with the generation of acids: acetic, butyric, lactic and propionic, while starches modified by acid are not fermented. In this work was produced cassava starch, dried in the sun and under oven, and modified by the acids of cassava starch fermentation, dried in UVC. All starches were compared, as the organic acids, dry starches in different conditions and only fermented without drying, as well as with the physicochemical and rheological characteristics. It was proven that solar drying favors a more acidic product and expansion property. The higher specific volume was observed for the sample fermented sun dried, followed by modified by 0.5 % lactic acid and 0.5 % acetic acid and lactic acid 1 %. The low expansion of the fermented sample and dried in an oven showed that only organic acids is not sufficient for expansion and that UV radiation (solar or artificial) directly influences this characteristic.

Effect of Phosphorylation and Copper(II) or Iron(II) Ions Enrichment on Some Physicochemical Properties of Spelt Starch

ABSTRACT: This paper provides an assessment of the effect of saturation of spelt starch and monostarch phosphate with copper or iron ions on selected physicochemical properties of the resulting modified starches. Native and modified spelt starch samples were analyzed for selected mineral element content using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Thermodynamic properties were measured using DSC, and pasting properties by RVA. Flow curves of 5% pastes were plotted and described using the Herschel-Bulkley model. The structure recovery ratio was measured. AAS analysis established the presence of iron(II) and copper(II) ions in the samples of modified starches and that potassium and magnesium ions had leached from them. In comparison to unfortified samples, enriching native starch with copper(II) ions decreases value of all temperatures of phase transformation about 1.3-2.7 °C, but in case of monostarch phosphates bigger changes (2.8-3.7 °C) were observed. Fortified native spelt starch with copper(II) ions caused increasing the final viscosity of paste from 362 to 429 mPa·s. However, presence iron(II) ions in samples caused reduced its final viscosity by 170 (spelt starch) and 103 mPa·s (monostarch phosphate). Furthermore, enriching monostarch phosphate contributed to reduce degree of structure recovery of pastes from 70.9% to 66.6% in case of copper(II) ions and to 59.9% in case of iron(II) ions.

Modified starches or stabilizers in preparation of cheese bread / Amidos modificados ou estabilizantes na elaboração de pão de queijo

Cheese bread is a Brazilian product which originated in Minas Gerais and which is highly consumed. In industrial production, there is increasing use of additives which enrich and enhance the physical of this product, adding value in the eyes of the consumer. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to study the effect of addition of modified starch and stabilizers on the physical-chemical of cheese bread. For this reason, measures taken so moisture, pH and acidity, volume, density, coefficient of expansion, and compression resistance (texturometer) Results show that the stabilizers used improve these characteristics in the cheese bread, showing better physicochemical characteristics.

Pão de queijo é um produto brasileiro que se originou em Minas Gerais e que é altamente consumido. Na produção industrial, há uma crescente utilização de aditivos que enriquecem e melhoraram as características físicas do produto, acrescentando valor aos olhos do consumidor. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito da adição de amido modificado e estabilizadores sobre a qualidade físico-química de pão de queijo. Por esse motivo, foram tomadas medidas para umidade, pH e acidez, volume, densidade, coeficiente de dilatação e resistência à compressão (texturômetro). Os resultados mostram que os estabilizadores usados melhoraram estas características no pão de queijo, mostrando melhores características físico-químicas.

Dissipative particle dynamics method for numerical simulation of distributing state of lutein molecules in modified starch microcapsules / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To simulate the distribution state of lutein molecules in modified starch by dissipative particle dynamics method. METHODS: Materials Studio 4.0 Software was used with Visualizer Module to build 3D models of lutein and modified starch. The Discover and Amorphous Cell modules were used to calculate the solubility parameter. Dissipative particle dynamics module was used to simulate lutein distribution in the microcapsules. SEM was used to investigate the structure of the microcapsules. RESULTS: Dissipative particle dynamics simulations showed the aggregation morphology of modified starch inclusion of lutein molecules and the bead movement ability. Dissipative particle dynamics numerical simulation was verified by in vitro experiments, and the results were satisfactory. The feeding ratio of modified starch and lutein was 100;40. The microcapsules production rate was 47.63%, and the microcapsulation efficiency was 85.79%. The particle size of the microcapsules was 70 μm. CONCLUSION: Dissipative particle Dynamics simulation can show the distribution of drugs in microcapsules very well and can be used to predict the feeding ratio.