Manifestaciones orales del COVID-19 en Paraguay: resultados de una encuesta en línea

Introducción: Estudios previos han reportado que pacientes infectados con el virus del COVID-19, podrían manifestar sintomatologías a nivel de la cavidad oral. Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de manifestaciones orales asociadas a COVID-19 en un segmento de la población paraguaya y determinar cuáles son las más prevalentes. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Fue realizada una encuesta electrónica de enero a marzo del 2022. Los datos fueron presentados como frecuencias y porcentajes y analizados mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software R versión 4.0.3. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 478 personas. El 79,50 % correspondió al sexo femenino y el 45,19 % tenía entre 25 y 34 años. El 65,48 % informó haber experimentado al menos 1 síntoma o signo oral durante el curso de COVID-19. La pérdida de la sensación de sabores amargos, seguida de la alteración del sabor de los alimentos y la pérdida de la percepción dulce, fueron los síntomas más comunes. Se encontró una proporción significativamente mayor de manifestaciones orales en el rango de 18-24 años (χ²; p= 0,003). Entre las personas que desarrollaron COVID-19 de forma moderada a severa hubo mayor número de manifestaciones de síntomas orales (χ²; p= 0,044). Discusión: Se identificó una alta frecuencia de manifestaciones orales en pacientes con casos de moderados a severos de COVID-19, destacándose los trastornos del gusto como los más predominantes. Los individuos más jóvenes fueron los más afectados.

Introduction: Previous studies have reported that patients infected with the COVID-19 virus could manifest symptoms in the oral cavity. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of oral manifestations associated with COVID-19 in a segment of the Paraguayan population and determine the most prevalent ones. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. An electronic survey was conducted from January to March 2022. The data were presented as frequencies and percentages and analyzed using the chi-square test. Statistical analysis was performed with R software version 4.0.3. Results: The sample consisted of 478 individuals. 79.50% were female, and 45.19% were between 25 and 34 years old. 65.48% reported having experienced at least 1 oral symptom or sign during the course of COVID-19. The loss of the sensation of bitter tastes, followed by the alteration of the taste of foods and the loss of sweetness perception, were the most common symptoms. A significantly higher proportion of oral manifestations was found in the 18-24 age range (χ²; p= 0.003). Among people who developed COVID-19 in a moderate to severe form, a greater number of oral symptom manifestations were observed (χ²; p= 0.044). Discussion: A high frequency of oral manifestations was identified in patients with moderate to severe cases of COVID-19, with taste disorders standing out as the most predominant. Younger individuals were the most affected.

La efectividad de la crema Calendula officinalis L como tratamiento de la estomatitis aftosa recurrente / Calendula officinalis L cream effective treatment for recurrent aphthous stomatitis

RESUMEN Introducción: la estomatitis aftosa recurrente es una enfermedad habitual en las urgencias de Periodontología. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de la crema de Calendula officinalis L. al 10%, en el tratamiento de la estomatitis aftosa recurrente, en una clínica estomatológica. Método: se realizó un ensayo no controlado- no aleatorizado, en una población de 15 a 34 años de edad; que acudieron a la consulta de periodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica Docente "Manuel Angulo Farrán" en Holguín, Cuba, en el período comprendido del año 2015 al 2017. La muestra fue de 100 pacientes, tratada durante 6 días, con consultas cada 48 horas. Resultados: el 59% de los pacientes fueron del sexo femenino, el 63% entre los 25 y 34 años, y en el 97% predominaron las aftas menores. La crema en estudio mejoró los síntomas en el 97% de los pacientes, y el 94% se curó. Conclusiones: la crema de Calendula officinalis L al 10% parece eficaz en el tratamiento de la estomatitis aftosa recurrente, aunque se requieren ensayos clínicos controlados y aleatorizados que lo demuestren de forma definitiva.

ABSTRACT Introduction: recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a frequent disease in periodontology emergencies. Objective: to evaluate the Calendula officinalis L at 10% cream effectiveness, as treatment for recurrent aphthous stomatitis, in a stomatological clinic. Method: non-control, non-randomized trial was conducted in a population between 15 and 34 years old, who attended "Manuel Angulo Farrán" Stomatological Teaching Clinic in Holguín, Cuba, from 2015 to 2017. Sample was 100 patients, treated in consultations every 48 hours, for 6 days. Results: the 59% of the patients were female, 63% between 25 to 34 years, and minor aphthae predominated in the 97%. The studied cream improved symptoms in 97% of patients and 94% were completely cured. Conclusions: Calendula officinalis L at 10% cream seems effective in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, although controlled and randomized clinical trials would definitively demonstrate it.

Deterioro neurológico progresivo como forma de presentación inusual del neurobehçet / Progressive neurological deterioration as unusual form of neuro-behçet presentation

La enfermedad de Behçet puede afectar a varios órganos y tiene dentro de sus características la presencia de úlceras recurrentes genitales, orales y la uveítis. El neurobehçet es una de las manifestaciones clínicas más serias e infrecuente de la enfermedad de Behçet y debe ser considerado en el diagnóstico diferencial con enfermedades inflamatorias, infecciosas o desmielinizante del sistema nervioso central. Este reporte de caso describe a una paciente con manifestaciones neurológicas aguda severas, lo cual es inusual en esta enfermedad(AU)

Behçet's disease can affect several organs and the presence of recurrent genital, oral and uveitis ulcers characterize it. Neuro-Behçet's is one of the most serious and uncommon clinical manifestations of Behçet's disease, so it should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis with inflammatory, infectious or demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. This case report describes a female patient with acute severe neurological manifestations, unusual in this disease(AU)

Prevalence and risk factors for the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis / Prevalência e fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de estomatite aftosa recorrente

The aim of this study was to determine the self-reported, clinical prevalence and risk factors for the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with a calculated sample of 450 individuals selected from the individuals awaiting treatment at the Dental Clinic of the University of Pernambuco. All patients were interviewed and an oral examination was conducted. Information on risk factors was assessed during an interview by means of a specific questionnaire. Statistical analysis included descriptive and inferential analyses, and associations between categorical variables were tested using the X2 statistic. A high (78.67 percent) prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis was found, mainly among women, although the clinical prevalence was 5.9 percent. Among the risk factors, diet was the most frequently mentioned (28.2 percent) by patients, followed by injuries and stress (19.2 percent and 10.5 percent, respectively). No significant association was found between recurrent aphthous stomatitis and the common cold. Tobacco use was not associated with the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (p>0.05). Statistical significance was observed between alcohol consumption and aphthous stomatitis (p<0.039). It was concluded that the prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis is high and the most common risk factors are diet, trauma and stress.

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de determinar a prevalência clínica e autorelatada da estomatite aftosa recorrente e seus fatores de risco. Este é um estudo transversal, realizado com uma amostra calculada de 450 indivíduos, selecionados entre os indivíduos à espera de tratamento na Clínica Odontológica da Universidade de Pernambuco. Todos os pacientes foram entrevistados, e realizado um exame intrabucal. Informações sobre fatores de risco foram avaliadas durante uma entrevista por meio de um questionário específico. A análise estatística descritiva e inferencial incluiu análises de associações entre variáveis categóricas, utilizando o Qui-quadrado. Uma elevada (78,67 por cento) prevalência autorelatada de estomatite aftosa recorrente foi obtida, principalmente entre as mulheres, embora a prevalência clínica tenha sido de 5,9 por cento. Dentre os fatores de risco, a alimentação foi o mais citado (28,2 por cento) pelos pacientes, seguido de traumas e stress (19,2 por cento e 10,5 por cento, respectivamente). Não foi encontrada associação significativa entre a estomatite aftosa recorrente e a presença do resfriado comum. Consumo de tabaco não foi associado com o desenvolvimento da estomatite aftosa recorrente (p> 0,05). A significância estatística foi observada entre o consumo de álcool e estomatite aftosa (p <0,039). Pode-se concluir que a prevalência de estomatite aftosa recorrente é elevada e os fatores de risco mais comuns são dieta, trauma e estresse.