Evaluación de políticas públicas juveniles en tres municipios del Estado de México (2013-2015) / Evaluation of youth public policies in three municipalities in the State of Mexico (2013-2015) / Avaliação de políticas públicas da juventude em três municípios do Estado do México (2013-2015)

En este trabajo expongo los resultados de una evaluación a políticas públicas en materia de juventud llevada a cabo en tres municipios del Estado de México. En la evaluación se trabajaron las dimensiones informativa y argumentativa de la rendición de cuentas gubernamental. Sobre tres unidades de análisis, a través del método comparado, analicé cinco variables claves en torno a las políticas públicas municipales juveniles: 1) presupuesto anual destinado a política públicas de juventud; 2) beneficiarios anuales de las políticas públicas; 3) tipo de política(s); 4) enfoque de la(s) política(s); 5) corresponsabilidad. Los resultados conseguidos indican que en los municipios bajo estudio no se implementaron políticas públicas juveniles integrales, sino solamente se llevaron a cabo acciones públicas desarticuladas, inconexas, desorganizadas y eventuales.

In this paper, the author presents the results of an evaluation of publicpolicies related to youth that was conducted in three municipalities of the State of Mexico. Thisevaluation focused on the informative and argumentative dimensions of government accountability. Theauthor used three units of analysis and a comparative method to analyze five key variables regardingmunicipal public policies for youth: 1) the annual budget for public youth policy; 2) the number ofannual beneficiaries of public policies; 3) the type of policies implemented; 4) the approach used inthe policy; 5) responsibility for its implementation. The results obtained support the conclusion thatin the municipalities included in the study, integrated public youth policies are not implemented andthe only public actions that are carried out are disjointed, disconnected, disorganized and irregular.

Nesta avaliação trabalharam-se as dimensões informativas eargumentativas de uma prestação de contas governamentalsobre três unidades de análises .Analisam-se cinco variáveis-chave em torno das políticas públicas municipais juvenis: 1) orçamento anual paraa política de juventude pública; 2) os beneficiários anuais de políticas públicas; 3) tipo de política(s);4) abordagem(s) política(s); 5) responsabilidade. Os resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que nosmunicípios estudados não se implementaram políticas públicas integrais para a juventude, senão quelevaram-se a cabo ações públicas desarticuladas, desconexas, desorganizadas e eventuais.

A web-based cross-sectional survey of municipal government scholarships associated with selective medical school admissions for medically underserved areas / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

<b>Introduction</b> : Municipal government scholarships for the purpose of support of rural health & medically underserved areas has increased, but repayment exemption conditions of the scholarships vary. We conducted a survey of scholarships to clarify their impact on physician careers.<br><b>Methods</b> : A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2013 to January 2014 among municipal governments administering scholarships associated with selective medical school admissions for medically underserved areas in 2013.<br><b>Results</b> : There were 59 scholarships administered by 42 municipal governments connected with 53 universities. The mode of the total loan amount was 14.4 million yen. Features of the loan agreements were a high repayment interest rate (over 10%) in 70% of the scholarships and a requirement for lump-sum repayment in 41 scholarships. Three programs allowed free choice of residency training for 3 years or more during the obligatory term, while 48 programs did not allow such choice during the entire obligatory term.<br><b>Conclusion</b> : Eighty-percent of the scholarship programs do not allow for the minimum 3 years of basic post-graduate training required by specialty training program guidelines. In order to prevent the anticipated reduction in future applicants to these scholarship programs, appropriate interest rates, repayment rules, and allowance for specialty training are required.

Análisis de la gestión territorial: Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2007, Colombia 2011 / Analysis of the local authorities: National Health Survey 2007, Colombia 2011

OBJETIVO: en este artículo se presentan los resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2007 (ENS), del módulo I sobre las administraciones territoriales de salud, en cuanto a la capacidad de gestionar la salud en los municipios y caracterizar la infraestructura sanitaria y la vigilancia en la salud pública. METODOLOGIA: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, en una muestra representativa de 238 municipios del país de todas las categorías, de los cuales respondieron 223. La fuente de información fue la ENS/2007, aplicada a los secretarios de salud de los municipios de la muestra. RESULTADOS: la oferta de instituciones públicas y privadas de salud y aseguradoras, tiene mayor presencia en los municipios de categoría 1 y especial. La infraestructura sanitaria es insuficiente pero es mayor en los municipios de categoría especial y principalmente en la zona urbana. La vigilancia en salud pública para la mortalidad materna, perinatal, Enfermedad Diarréica Aguda (EDA) e Infección Respiratoria Aguda (IRA) es mayor en los municipios de categorías 1 y especial. CONCLUSIONES: a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por los actores municipales para mejorar la salud, los resultados muestran desigualdades importantes entre la zona urbana y rural, así como entre los municipios de categorías 1 y especial, al igual que en las otras categorías, situación que demanda inversiones mayores en infraestructura sanitaria, en el sistema de vigilancia de la salud pública y en los programas de los municipios de menor desarrollo, para que las desigualdades no sean progresivas y se obtengan mejores beneficios en salud para la población.

OBJECTIVE: this paper presents the results of the 2007 National Health Survey's (ENS) module I, which deals with territorial management of health regarding the capacity to manage health in the municipalities and to characterize their sanitary infrastructure and public health surveillance. METHODOLOGY: a descriptive retrospective study was conducted with a representative sample of 238 Colombian municipalities from all the categories, 223 of which answered the call. The source of information was the ENS/2007, which was applied to the health secretaries of the sample's municipalities. RESULTS: more public and private health providers and health insurance companies are available in the municipalities belonging to the special category and to category 1. The sanitary infrastructure is insufficient but larger in the municipalities from the special category, particularly in the urban area. Public health surveillance for maternal and perinatal mortality, and for add and ari is higher in the municipalities from the special category and from category 1. CONCLUSIONS: in spite of the efforts of the municipalities to improve health, the results show important inequalities between the rural and urban areas, and between the municipalities from the special category and the municipalities from other categories. This situation calls for larger investments for the sanitary infrastructure, the public health surveillance systems, and the programs of the less developed municipalities in order to prevent inequalities from becoming progressive and to obtain better profits in terms of the people's health.