RESUMEN
The present study deals with comprehensive list and impact of invasive alien plants species of family Asteraceae in Jammu district (J&K, India) with background information on habit and nativity. A total of 15 invasive alien plant species under have been recorded. These include Ageratum conyzoides L., Anthemis tinctoria L., Aster pilosum Willd., Bidens pilosa L., Cichorium intibus L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Sonchus arvensis L., Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, Tridax procumbens L., Xanthium strumarium L., Youngia japonica (L.) DC. The analysis of invasive species reveals that most species have been introduced unintentionally through trade while only 2species intentionally introduced. Most of the species are of American origin. A better planning is needed for early detection to control and reporting of infestations of spread of new and naturalized weeds to be monitored.
RESUMEN
The present study deals with the first ever inventorisation and documentation of aquatic invasive alien plant species of Jammu region with background information on family, habit and nativity . Total 55 invasive alien plant species belonging to 24 families were documented. It was prepared based on history, species origin, species behaviour and field observations. A total of 15 different geographic regions in terms of nativity are recorded in the present study. Among these, more than 90% are contributed by four major geographical regions, viz., continent of America, Africa, Europe and Mediterranean. The American continents contributed majority of noxious invasive plants in Jammu region followed by the Europe and Africa respectively. The families Potamogetonaceae and Cyperaceae are the most dominant family with (7 sp. each) followed by Hydrocharitaceae (5 sp.) , Menyanthaceae , Poaceae and Alismataceae (3 sp. each ) , Amaranthaceae , Ceratophyllaceae , Polygonaceae , Convolvulaceae ,Typhaceae ,Najadaceae , Ranunculaceae , Brassicaceae and Characeae with ( 2 sp. each) and least contributing families are Pontederiaceae , Cabombaceae , Salviniaceae , Isoetaceae , Marsileaceae , Aplaceae , Juncaceae , Azollaceae and Plantiginaceae with (1 sp. each). Habit wise analysis shows herbaceous species share 65% (36 sp.) , followed by graminoid 20% (11sp.) , sedges 5.45% (3sp.) , algae 3.6% (2sp.) , Shrub ,climber and fern share 1.8% (1 sp. each).
RESUMEN
The present study deals with comprehensive list of Invasive alien plants of Indian Himalayan Region with background information on family, habit and nativity. A total of 60 invasive alien species under 51 genera, belonging to 33families have been recorded. Among these, the dicotyledons represent by 28families and 52 species; monocotyledons represent by 5 families and 8 species. The analysis of invasive species reveals that most species have been introduced unintentionally through trade while only 11species intentionally introduced. Most of the species are of American origin. While in life form analysis, the herbs (45 species) are dominant, followed by shrubs (6 species), Grass (3 species), Trees, sedges and climbers (2 species each). Most of the invasive species are annual habit (57%). A better planning is needed for early detection to control and reporting of infestations of spread of new and naturalized weeds to be monitored.
RESUMEN
The acculturation effect of immigrant women on birth outcomes varies by race. We examined birth outcomes of three groups of births for the period 1995-2004, USA births to the USA-born Korean mothers, USA births to the non-USA-born Korean mothers, and births in Korea. In singleton USA births to both Korean parents, average birth weight was 3,294 g for the USA-born Korean mothers and 3,323 g for the non-USA-born Korean mothers. However, this difference was not significant, once controlled for other maternal sociodemographic, obstetric and medical factors. Low birth weight and prematurity prevalence were not different by maternal nativity between these two singleton groups. Average birth weight of all births including multiplets in Korea was 3,270 g, compared to 3,297 g for all USA-born infants including multiplets and births either to both or one Korean parents. This difference might have reflected a significantly lower educational attainment of mothers in Korea compared to Korean mothers in the USA. Low birth weight rate was consistently lower in infants born in Korea compared to the USA-born, but this difference became less, 4.2% and 4.6% respectively by 2004. These observations suggest that in the USA acculturation effect of Korean immigrants on birth outcomes is negligible.