Câncer de próstata em homens atendidos em uma unidade de alta complexidade em saúde: perfil epidemiológico / Prostate cancer in men treated at a high-complexity healthcare unit: epidemiological profile / Cáncer de próstata en hombres atendidos en una unidad de salud de alta complejidad: perfil epidemiológico

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico do câncer de próstata em homens atendidos em uma unidade de alta complexidade em saúde na Bahia, Brasil. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo, realizado em uma unidade de alta complexidade de referência em um município da Bahia, Brasil. Realizou-se busca exploratória de dados primários coletados em prontuários de pacientes com câncer que que estavam iniciando e/ou em tratamento, entre janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2015. A amostra foi composta de 662 registros, os quais foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados: Mais de 60% dos pacientes residiam na área urbana, cerca de 90% são atendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O câncer de próstata obteve maior prevalência em homens com idade acima de 60 anos, principalmente na faixa etária 70-79 anos. A análise histológica da biópsia indicou que a maioria dos pacientes já se encontravam na escala G2, classificado como médio risco, havendo a possibilidade de avançar para o escore G3 - alto risco. Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico indicou prevalência elevada para o câncer de próstata, com recorte etário avançado, perfil histológico relevante para a vigilância dos pacientes e expressiva cobertura de atenção à saúde na esfera pública

Objective: to characterize the epidemiological profile of prostate cancer in men treated at a high-complexity healthcare unit in Bahia, Brazil. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study, carried out in a high-complexity reference unit in a municipality in Bahia, Brazil. An exploratory search of primary data collected from medical records of cancer patients who were starting and/or undergoing treatment was carried out between January 2013 and December 2015. The sample consisted of 662 records, which were submitted to statistical analysis. Results: More than 60% of patients lived in urban areas, about 90% are assisted by the Unified Health System (SUS). Prostate cancer was more prevalent in men over 60 years of age, especially in the 70-79 age group. The histological analysis of the biopsy indicated that most patients were already in the G2 scale, classified as medium risk, with the possibility of advancing to the G3 score - high risk. Conclusion: The epidemiological profile indicated a high prevalence of prostate cancer, with an advanced age range, relevant histological profile for patient surveillance and significant coverage of health care in the public sphere.

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico del cáncer de próstata en hombres atendidos en una unidad de salud de alta complejidad en Bahía, Brasil. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo, realizado en una unidad de referencia de alta complejidad en un municipio de Bahía, Brasil. Entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2015 se realizó una búsqueda exploratoria de datos primarios recolectados de historias clínicas de pacientes oncológicos que estaban iniciando y / o en tratamiento. La muestra estuvo conformada por 662 registros, que fueron sometidos a análisis estadístico. Resultados: Más del 60% de los pacientes vivían en áreas urbanas, alrededor del 90% son atendidos por el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). El cáncer de próstata fue más prevalente en hombres mayores de 60 años, especialmente en el grupo de edad de 70 a 79 años. El análisis histológico de la biopsia indicó que la mayoría de los pacientes ya se encontraban en la escala G2, clasificada como riesgo medio, con posibilidad de avanzar a la puntuación G3 - riesgo alto. Conclusión: El perfil epidemiológico indicó una alta prevalencia de cáncer de próstata, con rango de edad avanzado, perfil histológico relevante para la vigilancia del paciente y cobertura significativa de atención de salud en la esfera pública.

Desigualdades sociales en la mortalidad por VIH y tumores malignos en municipios del departamento de Valle del Cauca (Colombia), según indicadores económicos 2009-2013 / Social inequalities in HIV mortality and malignant tumours inmunicipalities in the Department of Valle del Cauca (Colombia), accordingto economic indicators 2009-2013

Objetivo: identificar las desigualdades sociales en la mortalidad por VIH y tumor maligno de próstata y útero en municipios de Valle del Cauca según variables socioeconómicas: necesidades básicas insatisfechas, NBI, y valor agregado municipal, VAM, en el periodo 2009 2013. Materiales y Métodos: estudio ecológico para medir desigualdades sociales en las mortalidades por causas de la lista de mortalidad 6/67 de la OMS, VIH tumor maligno de útero, y tumor maligno de próstata, en municipios del departamento de Valle del Cauca, en relación con las variables socio económicas NBI, y VAM. La medición de las desigualdades se realizó con el software Epidat 4.1 se calcularon tasas crudas y tasas ajustadas por sexo y edad con el método directo; y los índices de desigualdad acotado e índice de concentración. Resultados: la tasa más alta en relación a VIH fue de 1,627 en el año 2011 y en mujeres de 2,304 en el año 2012, en tumor maligno de próstata fue de 1,197 en el año 2009 y tumor maligno de útero 1,139 en 2010. Conclusión: los municipios con peores indicadores socioeconómicos tuvieron mayor desigualdad en la mortalidad por VIH y tumor maligno de próstata..(AU)

Objective: to identify the social inequalities in the mortality by HIV and malignant tumour of prostate and uterus in municipalities of Valle del Cauca according to socioeconomic variables: unsatisfied basic necessities, NBI, and municipal added value, VAM, in the period 2009-2013. Materials and methods: ecological study to measure social inequalities in mortalities due to the WHO mortality list 6/67, HIV malignant tumor of the uterus, and malignant prostate tumour, in municipalities in the Department of Valle del Cauca, in relation to the Socioeconomic variables NBI, and VAM. The measurement of inequalities was carried out withthe software Epidat 4.1 crude rates and rates adjusted by sex and age were calculated using the direct method; and the indices of delimited inequality and index of concentration. Results: the highest rate in relation to HIV was 1.627 in theyear 2011 and in females of 2.304 in the year 2012; in malignant prostate tumor was 1.197 in the year 2009 and malignant tumor of the uterus 1.139 in 2010 Conclusion: municipalities with the worst socioeconomic indicators had greater inequality in HIV mortality and malignant prostate tumor..(AU)

Changes in Clinical Characteristics of Patients with an Initial Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Korea: 10-Year Trends Reported by a Tertiary Center

BACKGROUND: The Korea Central Cancer Registry reported that incidence rates of prostate cancer have not increased continuously. We used recent trends in the incidence of prostate cancer to generate a preliminary report of the Korean population with prostate cancer. METHODS: Patients initially diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate biopsy from 2006 to 2015 at our tertiary center were selected. All patients were categorized according to age ( 75 years), time period (2006–2010 vs. 2011–2015), and risk classification. Patients with insufficient data were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS: Of 675 patients (median prostate-specific antigen [PSA], 9.09 ng/mL), those with a Gleason score (GS) of 6 (32.3%) comprised the largest proportion in our cohort. The proportion with a GS of 8 increased for those aged 65–75 years, despite the lack of increase in PSA. Treatment patterns changed for those with very low to low risk cancer. The overall survival (OS) rate and the cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate for all patients at 5 years were 87% and 90%, respectively. Patients with a low body mass index (BMI; ≤ 23 kg/m2) had worse median OS and CSS rates. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in risk classifications and initial treatments were found between 2006–2010 and 2011–2015. Although PSA did not change, the GS did change. Lower BMI (≤ 23 kg/m2) had worse effects on OS and CSS rates for Korean prostate cancer patients.

Transitional Cell Carcinoma Involving the Prostate: Transrectal Gray-scale and Color Doppler Ultrasonography Findings

We report here on three cases of prostatic transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), two confirmed by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided core biopsy and one by transurethral resection of the prostate. TCC was found in the right distal ureter in one case, in the urinary bladder in another, and was confined within the prostate in the third. On gray-scale ultrasonography (GSUS), two cases showed focal, low echoic lesions in the outer gland, and differentiation between the inner and outer glands was difficult. The third case showed no definite focal prostatic lesion. On color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), two cases showed diffusely increased blood flow in the entire prostate, and the third showed focally increased blood flow in the inner gland. The serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels were normal in all three patients. The GSUS and CDUS findings of TCC involving the prostate were similar to those of prostatic cancer. In the case of normal serum PSA levels, the presence of focal, low echoic lesions and increased blood flow of the prostate in those patients with previous or current TCC in the bladder or upper urinary tract may be the distinguishing manifestations of TCC involving the prostate.