RESUMEN
Los cambios que experimentan las personas diagnosticadas con Enfermedades Crónicas no Trasmisibles (ECNT) a nivel individual, familiar o social evidencian la importancia de la intervención psicológica desde el modelo cognoscitivo-conductual. En este artículo se recoge literatura que demuestra la efectividad de este modelo para facilitar ajustes en el estilo de vida, generar mayor adherencia al tratamiento, minimizar los riesgos de recaída y mantener el nivel de calidad de vida del paciente y de quienes lo rodean. Se concluye que es fundamental que la intervención psicológica se brinde con calidad, equidad, oportunidad y pertinencia, lo que reducirá a mediano plazo los costos instrumentales, temporales y profesionales en el manejo de las ECNT.
Changes experienced by people diagnosed with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), at the individual, familial, or social levels show the importance of psychological interventions based on the cognitive-behavioral model. This article reviews literature showing the effectiveness of this model in facilitating adjustments in lifestyle, generating greater compliance with the treatment, minimizing risks of relapse, and maintaining the patients' and their families' quality of life level. The conclusion is that it is essential for psychological interventions to be carried out with quality, equality, timeliness, and pertinence, in order to reduce the instrumental, temporal, and professional costs of treating NCDs in the medium term.
As mudanças que as pessoas diagnosticadas com Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT) experimentam no âmbito individual, familiar ou social, evidenciam a importância da intervenção psicológica a partir do modelo cognitivo-comportamental. Neste artigo, faz-se uso de literatura que demonstra a efetividade desse modelo para facilitar ajustes no estilo de vida, gerar maior comprometimento ao tratamento, minimizar riscos de recaída e manter o nível de qualidade de vida do paciente e dos que o rodeiam. Conclui-se que é fundamental que a intervenção psicológica seja oferecida com qualidade, equidade, oportunidade e pertinência, o que reduzirá em médio prazo os custos instrumentais, temporais e profissionais na administração das DCNT.
RESUMEN
<b>Objective</b><BR> The purpose of this study was to examine health professionals’ perceptions of barriers to medication adherence in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Fiji.<BR>Methods: Interviews were conducted with 25 health professionals (physicians and pharmacists) treating patients with NCDs in Fiji. The interview contained questions regarding barriers to medication adherence for specific NCDs. <BR><b>Results</b><BR> Health professionals’ perception of these barriers were identified and divided into patient-related and non-patient-related factors. The patient-related factors included lifestyle, knowledge, technique, language, and beliefs and culture. The non-patient-related factors were cost and access to medication, therapy-related factors, and support from other people.<BR><b>Conclusion</b><BR> Traditional medical beliefs, medication access and affordability, negative lifestyle habits, and insufficient knowledge about illnesses, medical devices, and medications were identified as barriers to medication adherence in Fiji. Barriers to medication adherence differ according to diagnosis. Knowledge was considered an important factor with respect to adherence to medication regimens, particularly for patients with asymptomatic conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, and stable asthma).