Fundamentos del diseño de un modelo de atención de Enfermería para la gestión del cuidado / Basics of designing a model of care for nursing care management

RESUMEN Introducción: Los modelos representan un sistema auxiliar y un sustento filosófico en el proceso de gestión del cuidado para la ciencia enfermera, enmarcan lo esencial de la profesión y proveen los servicios asistenciales. Objetivo: Identificar las bases filosóficas y metodológicas en el diseño de un modelo de atención de Enfermería para la gestión del cuidado en la especialidad de Oftalmología. Métodos: Revisión sistemática con análisis crítico reflexivo de documentos y artículos originales publicados en español e inglés entre 1999 y 2015 con las palabras clave: "modelos", "modelos teóricos" y "modelos de atención de Enfermería" en las bases de datos Scielo, Ebsco, Lilacs y Medline/Pubmed, que facilitaron realizar triangulación de la información para sustentar teórica y metodológicamente un modelo de atención de Enfermería. Conclusión: Se identifican como referentes filosófico a la teoría de los sistemas de Enfermería propuesto por Dorothea Orem, el Holismo y la simultaneidad de Martha Elizabeth Rogers, así como las competencias y los siete dominios de Patricia Benner. Se adopta como metodología al Proceso de atención de Enfermería(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: The models represent an auxiliary system and a philosophical support in the care management process for nursing science. Framed the essence of the profession and provide health services. Objective: To identify the philosophical and methodological design of a model of care management Nursing care in the specialty of Ophthalmology bases. Methods: Systematic review with thoughtful critical analysis of documents and original articles published in Spanish and English between 1999 and 2015 with the keywords: "models", "theoretical models" and "models of nursing care" in the database Scielo data, Ebsco, Lilacs and Medline / Pubmed, which facilitated perform triangulation of information to support theoretical and methodological model of nursing care. Conclusion: It is identified as a philosophical theory concerning the proposed Dorothea Orem Nursing systems, holism and the simultaneity of Martha Elizabeth Rogers, as well as the skills and seven domains of Patricia Benner. It is adopted as a methodology to process nursing care(AU)

Observation on therapeutic effect of application of aerosol inhalation of Scutellaria baicalensis in fine nursing care model for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To approach the nursing experience and clinical therapeutic effect of using aerosol inhalation of Scutellaria baicalensis leachate to prevent occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Ninety-two severe patients who received mechanical ventilation (MV) in ICU of Hangzhou Geriatric Hospital from April 2016 to August 2017 were enrolled, and they were divided into a test group and a control group according to their wishes and self-selection, 46 cases in each group. The patients in both groups were given fine nursing care model, in the control group aerosol inhalation of physiological saline was used; in the test group aerosol inhalation of Scutellaria baicalensis leachate was applied. The incidence of VAP, the duration of MV and time of ICU stay were compared between the two groups. Results Compared to the control group, the total incidence of VAP, duration of MV, time of ICU stay in the test group were significantly lower than those in control group [total incidence of VAP: 17.39% (8/46) vs. 36.95% (17/46), duration of MV (days): 11.37±5.23 vs. 15.21±5.93, time of ICU stay (days): 18.54±5.92 vs. 27.33±5.27, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion Under the fine nursing care pattern, compared with the aerosol inhalation of saline, the aerosol inhalation of Scutellaria baicalensis leaching can be more effectively to prevent VAP in ICU critically ill patients and reduce their duration of MV and of ICU stay, so the latter one's clinical therapeutic effect is better.