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ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the vision quality by measuring the objective light scatter index and objective optical quality parameters (Strehl Ratio and Modulation Transfer Function) in patients with emmetropia and ametropia. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included 408 eyes. The ametropic group comprised of eyes with best-corrected visual acuity of 0.0 logMAR or better and present at least a refractive error of ≥0.25 D. Patients underwent slit lamp examination, visual acuity, refraction, and vision quality using the HD Analyzer. Results: The mean objective light scatter indices were 0.62 ± 0.63, 0.77 ± 0.70, 0.74 ± 0.30, 0.93 ± 0.55, and 0.85 ± 0.61, and mean Strehl Ratio and Modulation Transfer Function scores were 38.17 ± 10.4, 37.37 ± 10.06, 29.84 ± 9.71, 33.2 ± 12.11, and 33.13 ± 10.09 in emmetropes, myopia, hyperopia, spherical equivalent of ≥0, and spherical equivalent of <0, respectively. Differences in all variables were significant between emmetropic and corrected hyperopic and between spherical equivalent of ≥0, and spherical equivalent of <0 eyes (p<0.05). Conclusion: In spectacle-corrected conditions (with trial frames), emmetropic and simple myopic eyes had significantly better vision quality compared to hyperopic and astigmatic eyes. The clinical significance of these results should be investigated in further studies.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade óptica medindo o índice de dispersão objetiva de luz e os parâmetros de qualidade óptica objetiva (Razão de Strehl e Função de Transferência de Modulação) em indivíduos com emetropia e ametropia. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, transversal, incluindo 408 olhos. O grupo ametrópico era de olhos com melhor acuidade visual corrigida de 0,0 logMAR ou melhor e apresentando, pelo menos, um erro refrativo de 0,25 D ou mais. Os pacientes foram submetidos a exame com lâmpada de fenda, acuidade visual, refração e qualidade óptica com o HD Analyzer. Resultados: O índice de dispersão objetiva de luz médio foi de 0,62 ± 0,63, 0,77 ± 0,70, 0,74 ± 0,30, 0,93 ± 0,55, 0,85 ± 0,61 e a média da Razão de Strehl e de Função de Transferência de Modulação foram 38,17 ± 10,4, 37,37 ± 10,06, 29,84 ± 9,71, 33,2 ± 12,11 e 33,13 ± 10,09 em olhos emetrópicos, míopes, hipermétropes, equivalente esférico ≥0 e equivalente esférico <0 respectivamente. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas em todas as variáveis entre olhos emetrópicos e com hipermetropia corrigida, equivalente esférico ≥ 0 e equivalente esférico <0 (p<0,05). Conclusão: Em condições com lentes corrigidas (com armações de prova), os olhos emetrópicos e com miopia simples apresentaram qualidade óptica significativamente melhor em comparação com os olhos hipermétropes e astigmáticos. O significado clínico destes resultados deve ser estudado posteriormente.
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INTRODUCTION: When a gas is used for therapy, often the kinetic behavior and their distribution in biological systems is not known, leading to unsatisfactory results for clinical application. The use of ozone in living organisms has been scientifically released worldwide under the name of ozone therapy. The efficacy of this technique is determined primarily by the diffusion of gas within the tissues or fluids and which determines their action in the entire target region. We propose the development of technique to monitoring the O3 dissolved in the biological fluid using an optical device operating in the red-infrared region. METHODS: The recombination of O3 in O2 enables the monitoring of the latter by the measurement of SpO2, and, based on this phenomenon, we propose to use an optical device operating in the red-infrared region to monitoring indirectly the diffusion of O3 in fluids. The system was based on optomechanical arrangement using a capsule containing fluid that was ozonated or oxygenated during the process. A pulse oximeter is a noninvasive device used for continuously measure of SpO2 resulting from the recombination of ozone. RESULTS: The measurements of SpO2 when subjected to ozone and oxygen, showed an increased rate of SpO2 function of time for both cases reaching its peak in 80s and 160s, respectively. The experimental data concerning the SpO2 saturation as a function of time can be fitted by the theoretical model, showing a good correlation between them. CONCLUSION: A technique was developed using an optical device operating in the red-infrared region to monitoring ozone dissolved in biological fluid, showing a simple and effective way to indirectly monitoring the presence of ozone in fluids.