RESUMEN
Soil application of organics has been explored as an alternative means of organic management of plant-parasitic nematodes. Efficiency of different oil-seed cakes of neem (Azadirachta indica), castor (Ricinus communis), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), linseed (Linum usitatissimum), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and soybean (Glycine max) were evaluated in field conditions with association of Pseudomonas fluorescens in relation to growth parameters of chickpea and population of plant-parasitic nematodes. Their efficacious nature was highly effective in reducing the population of these dominant soil nematodes. Significant improvement was observed in plant-growth parameters such as plant weight, percent pollen fertility, pod numbers, root-nodulation and chlorophyll content of chickpea, seemed to be due to reduction in disease incidence and might be due to growth promoting substances secreted by P. fluorescens. The multiplication rate of nematodes was less in the presence of P. fluorescens as compared to its absence. Most effective combination of P. fluorescens was observed with neem cake.
RESUMEN
A utilização de composto orgânico na produção de olerícolas resulta em efeitos diversos e complexos. Embora seja crescente a pesquisa voltada para a produção orgânica de olerícolas, os efeitos do composto orgânico sobre o crescimento e a produção dessas culturas são ainda pouco conhecidos cientificamente. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o crescimento e a produção de brócolis cultivado com composto orgânico e determinar a variável não destrutiva com maior correlação com o acúmulo de matéria seca. O experimento foi conduzido em Viçosa, MG (20º 45' sul 42º 51' oeste). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em parcelas subdivididas no tempo para as variáveis de crescimento. Os tratamentos consistiram em doses de composto orgânico: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 t ha-1 em base de massa seca, fornecidos à cultura do brócolis híbrido 'Domador'. A maior produção, 564 g planta-1, correspondente a 12,53 t ha-1, foi obtida com a dose de 25 t ha-1 de composto. A área do dossel foi a variável de maior correlação com o rendimento comercial e com o acúmulo de massa seca, sendo a mais indicada para a avaliação do crescimento por método não destrutivo. O período inicial de maior acúmulo de massa seca varia com as doses de composto, sendo que na dose de 25 t ha-1 ,este período ocorreu entre 28 e 56 dias após o transplantio. As mais altas taxas de crescimento relativo foram verificadas entre a segunda e a quarta semana após o transplante.
The use of organic compost on vegetable crops production results in complex and diverse effects. Although the research on organic vegetable production has been increasing, the effects of organic compost on the growth and yield of these crops are still poorly scientifically known. This work aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of broccoli grown on organic compost, besides determining the non-destructive parameter with higher correlation to dry mass accumulation. The experiment was carried out in Viçosa, MG (20º 45' S 42º 51' W). The experiment was set up in a randomized block design with four replicates in split-plot (time) design for growth parameters. The treatments consisted of doses of organic compost: 5, 10 15 20 and 25 t ha-1 on a dry matter basis, supllied to hybrid "domador". The highest broccoli yield, 564 g plant-1, corresponds to 12,53 t ha-1, and was obtained with the 25 t ha-1 compost dose. Canopy area presented the highest correlation with both commercial yield and dry mass accumulation and it is the best non-destructive parameter for growth evaluation. The initial period of higher dry mass accumulation varies according to the compost dose, So that the 25 t ha-1 dose, this period was between 28 and 56 days after transplant. The highest relative growth rates happened between the second and fourth week after transplant.