Research on the influencing factors of the organizational ability of medical ethics committee: a case study of tertiary hospitals in eastern China / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:Given the indispensable role played by medical ethics committees in protecting the rights and interests of subjects and researchers, such committees in China are found with weak organizational capacity. This study was designed to analyze the driving factors to improve their organizational capacity.Methods:Form July to September 2020, a survey and interview of 71 tertiary A hospitals in eastern China were conducd, and a total 60 valid samples were obtained. Through crisp-se qualitative comparative analysis(csQCA), the medical ethics committees of 60 tertiary hospitals were analyzed, and the factors affecting the organizational capabilities of the medical ethics committees and their combinations were explored.Results:Protection of rights and interests was key to medical ethics committee′s organizational capacity, while incompetency of the members and the irregular review process were sufficient reasons for the weak organizational capacity. There were six combinations of sufficient conditions for the medical ethics committee to be strong in organizational capacities, which could be explained by the three models of member capacity-orientation, system-process-orientation, and resource-system-orientation.Conclusions:The medical ethics committees are recommended to enhance members capacity, enhance team building; complete rules and regulations, and process mechanism; clarify organization structure, and optimize resource matching, in an effort to enhance the organizational capacity of these committees in China.

Adaptação transcultural e propriedades psicométricas da versão em português (Brasil) do questionário Prontidão Organizacional para Implementação de Mudança para implementação de mudança em serviços de saúde / Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change questionnaire

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar o grau em que profissionais da atenção primária e organizações de saúde estão prontos para implementar mudanças nos serviços de saúde, principalmente no que se refere à implementação de novas tecnologias, políticas públicas ou programas de inovação, que merecem especial atenção. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: conduzir a adaptação transcultural do questionário Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC) para o português (Brasil); e iniciar a mensuração de suas propriedades psicométricas. Métodos: Por meio de estudo transversal, realizou-se a tradução do questionário ORIC, com 12 questões, e posterior aplicação numa amostra de trabalhadores de unidades primárias de saúde tradicionais em transformação para unidades de saúde da família. A análise estatística incluiu o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória por modelo de equação estrutural e seguiu o checklist Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 150 trabalhadores de 10 unidades de saúde em transformação. A análise confirmou dois fatores principais (Eficácia e Comprometimento), com autovalores > 1. A rotação pelo método ortogonal mostrou que as questões do instrumento confirmaram os fatores analisados pelo instrumento original. O alfa de Cronbach total do ORIC foi 0,94, mostrando ótima confiabilidade. Conclusão: A versão portuguesa (Brasil) do questionário ORIC-Br apresentou boas propriedades psicométricas, podendo ser utilizado em serviços de saúde para medição da prontidão organizacional, considerada um indicador do potencial alcance de sucesso na implementação de mudança em serviços de saúde.

ABSTRACT: Objective: The assessment of the degree to which health professionals, workers and organizations are ready to implement changes in health services deserves special attention, especially related to new technologies, public policies and innovation. The objectives of this study were to conduct a Brazilian Portuguese Brazil cross-cultural adaptation of the ORIC questionnaire and to initiate the study of its psychometric properties. Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, the Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC) questionnaire, containing 12 questions, was translated and later applied to a sample of workers from traditional primary health care units undergoing transformation to family health units. Statistical analysis included Cronbach's alpha, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis by structural equation model using the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. Results: Workers from ten health units participated in the study (n = 150). The analysis confirmed two main factors (Effectiveness and Commitment) with Eigenvalues > 1. Rotation by the orthogonal method showed that the instrument questions confirmed the factors analyzed by the original instrument. The total Cronbach's Alpha of ORIC was 0.94, showing excellent reliability. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese Brazil version of the ORIC-Br questionnaire showed good psychometric properties and can be used in health services to measure organizational readiness, considered as an indicator of the potential success in implementing change.

El proyecto político y las capacidades de gobierno / The political project and governance capacities

En este trabajo se realiza una revisión teórica sobre las capacidades de gobierno personales (experiencia, liderazgo y conocimiento) y las capacidades de gobierno institucionales (capital organizativo disponible) y su relación con lo político y las políticas en el contexto de América Latina. A partir de la producción teórica de Carlos Matus sobre la acción de gobernar, se ponen en discusión diversas dimensiones de esta problemática, las que se relacionan con otros autores y experiencias de diferentes momentos históricos. Se desarrollan teorías, métodos y técnicas de gobierno y se analiza la necesidad de la reforma del Estado desde una lógica interna. Se concluye en la necesidad de construir una teoría para la práctica de gobernar/gestionar las organizaciones públicas. Esa construcción requiere de acciones creativas que utilicen la teoría como caja de herramientas.

This article presents a theoretical overview of personal and institutional governance capacities (experience, leadership and knowledge on the individual level, and organizational capital available on the institutional level) and their relationship to politics and policies in the Latin American context. Using the theoretical production of Carlos Matus regarding the act of governing, diverse dimensions of this problem are put into discussion in relation to other authors and experiences in different historical moments. Theories, methods and techniques of government are explored and the need for state reform with an internal logic is analyzed. It is concluded that there is a need to build a theory for the practice of governing/managing public organizations, and this construction requires creative actions that use theory as a toolbox.