Antimicrobial Activity of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts, Chlorhexidine or Triclosan

Abstract: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of toothpastes containing natural extracts, chlorhexidine or triclosan. The effectiveness of toothpastes containing natural extracts (Parodontax(r)), 0.12% chlorhexidine (Cariax(r)), 0.3% triclosan (Sanogil(r)) or fluoride (Sorriso(r), control) was evaluated against yeasts, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the disk diffusion method. Water was used as a control. Disks impregnated with the toothpastes were placed in Petri dishes containing culture media inoculated with 23 indicative microorganisms by the pour plate method. After incubation, the inhibition growth halos were measured and statistical analyses (α=0.05) were performed. The results indicated that all formulations, except for conventional toothpaste (Sorriso(r)), showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. The toothpaste containing natural extracts (Parodontax(r)) was the only product able to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The toothpastes containing chlorhexidine, triclosan or natural extracts presented antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o efeito antimicrobiano de dentifrícios contendo extratos naturais, clorexidina ou triclosan. A efetividade dos dentifrícios contendo extratos naturais (Parodontax(r)), 0,12% de clorexidina (Cariax(r)), 0,3% de triclosan (Sanogil(r)) ou flúor (Sorriso(r), controle) foi avaliada contra leveduras, bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas utilizando o método de difusão em disco. A água foi utilizada como um controle. Discos impregnados com os dentifrícios foram colocados em placas de Petri contendo meio de cultura inoculados com 23 microrganismos indicadores pelo método "pour plate". Após a incubação, os halos de inibição do crescimento foram medidos e as análises estatísticas (=0,05) foram realizadas. Os resultados indicaram que todas as formulações, com exceção do dentifrício convencional (Sorriso(r)), apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias Gram-positivas e leveduras. O dentifrício contendo extratos naturais (Parodontax(r)) foi o único produto capaz de inibir o crescimento de Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Os dentifrícios contendo clorexidina, triclosan ou extratos naturais apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias Gram-positivas e leveduras.

Comparación entre Parodontax® y agua bicarbonatada en la prevención de mucositis inducida por quimioterapia en niños con cáncer asisten al Centro Javeriano de Oncología / Comparison between Parodontax® and carbonated water to prevent chemotherapy-induced mucositis in children with cancer who attend the Centro Javeriano de Oncología

ANTECEDENTES: Durante la quimioterapia para tratamiento del cáncer, se presentan complicaciones en cavidad oral como la mucositis. PROPÓSITO: Comparar la efectividad del Parodontax ® con el agua bicarbonatada en la prevención de mucositis inducida por quimioterapia en niños con cáncer. MÉ-TODOS: El diseño del estudio fue controlado aleatorizado doble ciego. La muestra fueron 20 niños de 0 a 14 años que asistían para tratamiento con quimioterapia al Centro Javeriano de Oncología. Se realizaron tres controles de placa dentobacteriana y se clasificó el grado de mucositis. Los datos se analizaron con la prueba de Chi2. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de mucositis fue del 40% la cual se redujo al 15% al final del estudio. En la valoración, inicial 4 niñas presentaron mucositis; en 2 de ellas las lesiones se mantuvieron, mientras que en las otras 2 la patología se resolvió luego de empezar el protocolo con la crema. En la valoración inicial, 4 niños presentaron mucositis, de los cuales 1 mantuvo la patología. 11 pacientes presentaron un porcentaje de placa dentobacteriana mayor al 60%; al final del estudio, 10 de ellos se presentaron un nivel de placa entre el 10 y 30%. En la valoración inicial de 9 pacientes que presentaron mucositis, uno pertenecía al estrato 1; 5 al estrato 2, y 3 al estrato 3. Un paciente de estrato 2 presentó mucositis al final. CONCLUSIONES: El Parodontax® presentó eficacia similar al agua bicarbonatada al ser usado para la prevención de mucositis en niños tratados con quimioterapia.

BACKGROUND: During chemotherapy for cancer treatment side effects in oral cavity are frequent, of which mucositis is the most common. PURPOSE: Compare the efficacy of Parodontax® and carbonated water used to treat chemotherapy-induced mucositis in children with cancer. METHODS: This was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of 30 children between the ages of 0 and 14 years who attended the Centro Javeriano de Oncología for chemotherapy. 3 dental plaque scores and diagnosis of mucositis were carried out to each patient. Data were described by gender and socioeconomic status (SES) and analyzed with the Chi2 test. RESULTS: Mucositis was present in 40% of the cases and decreased to 15% at the end of the study. At the beginning, 4 girls presented mucositis, of which 2 still had the lesions at the end of the trial. The other 2 recovered from the lesions. Among the boys, 4 of them showed mucositis but only 1 kept the lesions after the treatment. 11 patients had a dental plaque score of 60% or greater that decreased to 10-30% at the end of the study. Regarding the SES, at the begining, from 9 patients who presented mucositis, 1 was classified as SES 1, 5 as SES 2, and 3 as SES 3. CONCLUSION: Parodontax® showed a similar efficacy to carbonated water for the treatment of chemotherapy induced mucositis in children cancer.