RESUMEN
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)is an autoimmune disease by increased platelet destruction and/or impaired platelet production,which mainly has a manifestation of hemorrhage in some locations such as skin,mucosa or viscera.The pathogensis of the disease is complex,so far,it is not clear.CD4 + CD25 +regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) is a full-time suppressor cell and has a unique immune regulating function of mature CD4 +T lymphocyte subgroup.They have the function of immune suppression.About 5 to 10 percentage of peripheral CD4 + T lymphocytes and 1 to 2 percentage of peripheral mononuclear cells are CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T lymphocytes in mouse or healthy human.They can suppress immune response through many pathways and sustain the stabilization of intemal environment.Their abnormality in function or quantity is one of the important factors that lead to autoirmmune diseases and they play a critical role in the occurrence and development of immune thrombocytopenic purpura.This review focuses on characteristics and function of Treg cell,and furthermore,its role in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura is summarized.
RESUMEN
Objective:To explore the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of Graves′disease(GD),by detecting the levels of IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17 and TGF-β1 in GD patients who were newly diagnosed.Methods:A total of 23 patients with new onset GD and 23 gender-and age-matched healthy controls were examined.The levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17 and TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA,FT3,FT4 and TSH levels were determined by ECL IA;TrAb levels were tested by RRA.Results: There were no significant difference among GD and NC group in sex and age match ( t=0.334 8 ,P>0.05;χ2=0.410 7 ,P>0.05 ).The levels of serum IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17 and TGF-β1 in the GD group were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05 ) .Correlation analysis revealed that IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17 and TGF-β1 were positively correlated with FT3,FT4(r=0.324 6,0.453 2,0.431 0,0.463 8;0.413 2,0.441 5, 0.436 2,0.467 1;P<0.05 ).Conclusion: IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17 and TGF-β1 are highly expressed in the newly diagnosed GD patients.They play an important role in the pathogenesis of GD ,and provide helpful evaluation indices of immune dysfunction to Graves disease.
RESUMEN
Idiopathic ureteropelvic junction stricture is not an uncommon disorder with resultant hydronephrosis of affecting kidney, and most frequently encountered in infant and children. Multiple causes of stricture have been identified. Abnormal organization of smooth muscle bundles at the ureteropelvic junction has been reported, and electron microscopy has demonstrated excessive collagen deposition within the intramural stroma. However, the exact cause of obstruction of UPJ stricture is uncertain. We reviewed 23 cases with idiopathic hydronephrosis underwent dismembered pyeloplasty. Examination of strictured segment with light the normal interwoven pattern, were arranged into an abundant outer circular and an inner longitudinal layer in 21 of 23 cases. But muscle thickness was not changed, and collagen was normal in both amount and arrangement. This results suggested that the abnormal muscle arrangement at the ureteropelvic junction might be the cause of the idiopathic stricture.