RESUMEN
Due to the paranasal sinuses adjacent to the orbit, the sinonasal malignancy is prone to invade the orbit, which is not only the advanced stage of the tumor, but also one of the poor prognostic factors. Preoperative CT and MRI scan and intraoperative frozen section analysis are used to evaluate the orbital invasion of the tumor. Orbital preservation is adopted if the periorbita is not transgressed by tumor. Orbital preservation can be considered if the tumor invades the periorbita and extraconal fat in a limited range, responds well to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy or other multimodality treatment, or has a negative section margin. Orbital exenteration is performed if the tumor extensively invades the periorbita, and invades the extraocular muscle, eyeball and orbital apex. Whether orbital preservation or orbital exenteration is adopted, it should be evaluated and made decision by a multidisciplinary team, and fully communicate with the patient.
RESUMEN
Subperiosteal hemorrhages are typically the result of blunt orbital or facial trauma. Nontraumatic subperiosteal hemorrhages are uncommon and are usually attributed to increase in central venous pressure and bleeding disorders. Here, we report the case of a 38-year-old female who underwent an upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and developed bilateral nontraumatic subperiosteal hemorrhages that resolved with conservative treatment. Here, we discuss the source of bleeding and the mechanisms for the occurrence of orbital subperiosteal bleeds. GI surgeons and ophthalmologists should be sensitive to the possibility that orbital hemorrhage that can occur following endoscopy, especially when retching or gagging occurs during the procedure.