Consumo de Alcohol en los Adolescentes de Chía y su Percepción del Consumo y de la Permisividad Parental frente al Uso de Sustancias / Consumo de Álcool nos Adolescentes de Chía e sua Percepção do Consumo e da Permissividade Parental ante o Uso de Substâncias / Alcohol Consumption in Adolescents from Chía and Their Perception of Parental Consumption and Permissiveness with respect to Substance Use

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las asociaciones entre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes del municipio de Chía, Colombia, y la percepción que estos tienen del consumo de sustancias por parte de los padres y de la permisividad parental. Mediante un estudio correlacional se midieron las variables de interés a partir de una encuesta diseñada por los autores y aplicada a una muestra de 326 adolescentes. Los resultados mostraron una asociación positiva y significativa entre el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes y la percepción del consumo de los padres y de la permisividad parental. Se discute la importancia de generar programas preventivos que tengan presente las actitudes favorables de los padres hacia el consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes.

The objective of this study was to identify the associations between adolescents´ alcohol consumption and their perceptions about parental substance use and parental permissiveness regarding alcohol use in a group of youngsters from Chía (Colombia). Variables of interest were measured through a correlational study, on the basis of a survey designed by the authors and applied to a sample of 326 adolescents. The results showed a significant and positive association between frequent alcohol use by adolescents and parental perception of consumption and permissiveness. The discussion highlights the importance of developing preventive programs that take into account the permissive parental stance toward adolescents' alcohol consumption.

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as associações entre o consumo de álcool em adolescentes do município de Chía, Colômbia, e a percepção que estes têm do consumo de substâncias por parte dos pais e a permissividade parental. Mediante um estudo correlacional, mediram-se as variáveis de interesse a partir de uma enquete desenhada pelos autores e aplicada a uma amostra de 326 adolescentes. Os resultados mostraram uma associação positiva e significativa entre o consumo de álcool em adolescentes e a percepção do consumo dos pais e da permissividade parental. Discute-se a importância de gerar programas preventivos que tenham presente as atitudes favoráveis dos pais sobre o consumo de álcool nos adolescentes.

Complejidad factorial de la permisividad moral hacia las conductas morales controvertidas / Complexity factorial of moral permissiveness toward moral conduct

El objetivo del estudio que se informa fue determinar el grado de complejidad factorial de la permisividad hacia las conductas morales controvertidas, en una muestra de 254 estudiantes de ambos sexos de primero, quinto, noveno y décimo ciclo de la Carrera de Psicología de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Lima (Perú), cuya edad promedio fue de 21 años. Para ello se utilizó la Escala de Comportamientos Moralmente Controvertidos de Harding y Phillips (1986), que permitió evaluar el constructo permisividad. La estructura interna fue evaluada con el programa informático FACTOR y los cálculos de la complejidad factorial se efectuaron esencialmente con el programa SIMLOAD. Se encontró un alto nivel de factor de complejidad estimado para la solución de los factores y de los elementos, lo cual advierte una covariación de aspectos factoriales del instrumento y por tanto, de la estructura del mismo, que no se ha respondido a uno de los indicadores para la correcta interpretación de su dimensionalidad, es decir, una estructura simple. Esta compleja estructura tridimensional podría ser explicada por más de una construcción, por lo tanto, la covariación entre los elementos con múltiples construcciones hace que sea difícil separar una descripción de la otra. La tolerancia de ciertas conductas cuestionables por lo tanto, proviene de una percepción multidimensional de características. Es así, como esta complejidad influye en la definición de este tipo de comportamiento, tan poco diferenciado de otras dimensiones conceptuales de la permisividad.

The issue of morality has several facets that describe normative behavior of people and permissiveness towards socially questionable behavior is one of them. The investigation direct about the permissiveness was originated in the United States and in intercultural studies on its variability, and its internal structure and recently in Latin America continued to have some impacton her family size. From a psychometric approach, however, its internal structure in other cultures has not been a goal of such studies and therefore has not confirmed by factorial methods, and that condition can be put into question the validity of the interpretations of the scores. The assessment of internal validity is a necessary step to establish the equivalence of the constructs derived from cross-cultural instruments. This is more critical given the complexity of morality in human experience. Therefore, the objective of this work was to estimate the magnitude of the interdependence of facets of permissiveness in asample of 254 university students in Lima (Peru), from the first until the ninth and tenth course, whose average age was 21-year-old, between men and women, mainly Catholics. To this end, was applied the Morally Debatable Behaviors Scale (Harding & Phillips, 1986), which is a known quantity for assessing the construct of permissiveness. The internal structure was evaluated by a computer program FACTOR and the complexity factor calculations were made with the Program SIMLOAD. The analysis used the common factor analysis model and applying an oblique rotation complexity estimates were obtained by indices of factor simplicity (Fleming, 2003; Fleming & Merino, 2005) in the items and total factor solution. Our results showed underlying three-dimensional behaviors sampled by the questionnaire which follows the internal structure in previous studies. However, we found a high level of complexity factor estimated for the factor solution and for the items. These results warn us that the items covary with various factorial dimensions of the instrument and, therefore, the structure of the instrument has not met one of the indicators for proper interpretation of its dimensionality, i.e., a simple structure. This dimension al complex structure, in other words, indicates that the items share information that can be explained by more than a construct, therefore, the covariation among items with multiple constructs makes it difficult to separate description of the other. Tolerance of certain questionable conduct, therefore, comes from a multidimensional perception of its features, this complexity influences define this kind of behavior so poorly differentiated from other conceptual dimensions of permissiveness. Our results can not reliably be contrasted with previous studies in Latin America (e.g., Mathiesen et al., 1998), because the dimensions have not been stable relative to the location of the items. Finally, the factorial complexity of many items suggest some interpretations on the perception of morally inappropriate conduct and provide empirical evidence of the degree of its complexity, and the questioning of the internal psychometric integrity of the instrument. This study generated a series of questions about how is the best form to assess the construct of moral permissiveness, considering its importance in explaining behaviors that currently are being watched every day and still are not be product of an effective intervention. Some routes are also discussed research related to our results and the scope of this paper.

A ausência do princípio de autoridade na família contemporânea brasileira / La ausencia de principio de autoridad en la familia contemporánea brasileña / The absence of the principle of authority in Brazilian contemporary family

O presente artigo se dispõe a discutir sobre interferências do contexto histórico e sociocultural brasileiros na estruturação da família contemporânea, mais especificamente, na construção do fenômeno da “fragilização dos papéis parentais”. Partimos da literatura que constata mudanças de valores na formação da família contemporânea, que culminaram por desalojar o princípio de autoridade parental nas configurações familiares da atualidade, e demonstraremos como interferências originadas da história, das ciências e das condições socioculturais contemporâneas foram capazes de retirar dos pais um saber que, a priori, lhes pertencia. Finalmente, analisaremos as decorrências desta discussão temática para a construção de novas configurações subjetivas.

This article intends to discuss the interferences of historical, social and cultural Brazilian context in the contemporary family structuring process, more specifically, in the construction of the phenomenon “Weakening of parental role”. According to literature, the changes of values in the contemporary family shaping culminated in displacing the principle of parental authority in today’s family settings; furthermore, we demonstrate how interferences from history, science and contemporary social and cultural conditions were able to withdraw one ‘know how’ from parents, the one which previously belonged to them. Finally, we will examine the consequences of this discussion for the construction of new subjective settlements.

Este artículo pretende discutir las interferencias del contexto histórico y sociocultural brasileños en la estructuración de la familia contemporánea, de manera más específica, en la construcción del fenómeno de la “fragilización de las funciones parentales”. Partimos de la literatura que señala cambios de valores en la formación de la familia contemporánea que llevaron a desalojar el principio de autoridad parental en las configuraciones familiares de la actualidad, y demostraremos cómo las interferencias de la historia, de las ciencias y de las condiciónes socioculturales contemporáneas fueron capaces de sacar de los padres un conocimiento que, a priori, les pertenecía. Por último, analizaremos las repercusiones de esta discusión temática para la construcción de las nuevas configuraciones subjetivas.

El cuerpo del adicto / Addict's body

Objetivos: Indagar qué lugar ocupa el cuerpo para el toxicómano. Tomar en cuenta la vertiente pulsional y los diferentes goces que Lacan indica en su texto"La tercera". Ubicar la relación del cuerpo con los objetos de consumo, abriendo la pregunta por las sustancias que se usan para provocar estos goces: Investigar por el goce del toxicómano en tanto pone en juego nuevamente la discusión sobre el autoerotismo. Diferenciar placer sexual y el "uso de los placeres". ¿Que se rehuye y qué se busca con la droga? Metodología Rastrear bibliografía pertinente. Hacer un cruce entre la lectura que sobre el cuerpo hace la medicina, la filosofía, el psicoanálisis, Interrogar la conexión entre cuerpo y adicción para el psicoanálisis Conclusiones: La interrogación sobre el cuerpo con respecto a la toxicomanía permite, con respecto al tratamiento de los pacientes adictos. no centrar la cuestión en el abstencionismo o la permisividad.