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Aim To construct and identify a new time-specific NLRP3 point mutation transgenic mouse model by Cre-LoxP system. Methods Cre-LoxP system was used to generate NL-RP3
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil de resistência de cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, com diferentes padrões de eletroforese em campo pulsado (PFGE), em relação à resistência induzida à clindamicina e caracterizar cepas resistentes à oxacilina por testes fenotípicos. Do total de 18 cepas diferenciadas por PFGE, isoladas dos sítios nasais ou linguais de portadores adultos saudáveis, sem doença de base, sem histórico de uso de antibióticos e internações hospitalares, quatro (22,2%) apresentaram sensibilidade à clindamicina no antibiograma convencional, mas demonstraram resistência no D-teste; uma cepa (5,6%) foi caracterizada como BORSA (borderline) em relação à resistência a oxacilina e outra (5,6%) CA MRSA (S.aureus meticilina/oxacilina resistente associado à comunidade), ambas sensíveis à cefoxitina pelo teste de disco difusão. A caracterização molecular pela reação em cadeia para polimerase (PCR) da cepa identificada fenotipicamente como CA MRSA não revelou a presença do gene mecA, indicando tratar-se de cepa BORSA. Estes resultados apontam a importância do emprego rotineiro do D-teste como ferramenta para a determinação da resistência do tipo induzida à clindamicina, bem como para a importância da inclusão do teste de resistência à cefoxitina entre os métodos fenotípicos para caracterização de MRSA.
The aim of this study was to identify the resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus strains, in relation to induced clindamycin resistance, and to detect oxacillin resistance by the routine phenotypic methods. The strains were isolated from nasal or lingual swabs taken from healthy adult carriers with no medical history of hospitalization or antibiotic treatment. Eighteen strains were distinguished by the different patterns generated by pulsed gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Four (22.2%) of these showed sensitivity to clindamycin by the conventional antibacterial susceptibility test, but demonstrated inducible resistance to it by the D-test. One strain (5.6%) was characterized as borderline oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (BORSA), and another (5.6%) as CA MRSA (community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Both of these strains were shown to be cefoxitin susceptible by the disk diffusion test. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) failed to detect the mecA gene in this last strain and it was thus classified as BORSA. These results show the importance of incorporating the D-test into the routine lab tests for S. aureus inducible clindamycin resistance and also of including the cefoxitin resistance test among the phenotypic methods for MRSA characterization.
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Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMEN
The Trichosporon genus is constituted by many species, of which Trichosporon ovoides and Trichosporon inkin are the causative agents of white piedra. They can cause nodules in genital hair or on the scalp. At present, Brazilian laboratory routines generally do not include the identification of the species of Trichosporon genus, which, although morphologically and physiologically distinct, present many similarities, making the identification difficult. The aim of this study was to identify the aetiological agents at the species level of white piedra from clinical specimens. Therefore, both the macro and micro morphology were studied, and physiological tests were performed. Trichosporon spp. was isolated from 10 clinical samples; T. ovoides was predominant, as it was found in seven samples, while T. inkin was identified just in two samples. One isolate could not be identified at the species level. T. inkin was identified for the first time as a white piedra agent in the hair shaft on child under the age of 10.