RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the protective effect of phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGCs) extracted from Phlomis younghusbandii on acute high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in rats. MethodsSeventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (10 each): normoxia control group (NG, distilled water), normoxia+PhGCs group (NG+PhGCs, 400mg/ kg), hypoxia model group (HG, distilled water), dexamethasone (Dex, 4mg/kg), and three groups of PhGCs in high (PhGCs-H, 400mg/kg), middle (PhGCs-M, 200mg/kg) and low (PhGCs-L, 50mg/kg) dosage. PhGCs extracted from Phlomis younghusbandii were administered prophylactically to rats for 3 days, and HAPE was induced by the hypobaric hypoxia exposure for 72 hours in an animal decompression chamber with the chamber pressure of 267mmHg to simulate an altitude of 8000m. The water content of rat lung tissue was determined with wet/dry specific gravity method, and histopathologic changes were observed with HE staining. The enzymatic activities of SOD and GSH, and the contents of MDA in lung tissue were determined with spectrophotometry, and the contents of IL-1β, TNF-α in serum and lung tissue were determined with ELISA. ResultsCompared with NG group, no obvious difference was found in the water content of rat lung tissue in NG+PhGCs group, but the water content increased obviously in HG group (P<0.05). Compared with NG group, lung tissue congestion and edema were found in HG group, with a heavy inflammatory cell infiltration, widening of alveolar interval, and thickening of alveolar wall were found. The enzymatic activities of SOD and GSH were notablely depressed, and the contents of MDA in lung tissue, and the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum and lung tissue remarkably increased (P<0.05). Compared with HG group, the water content of rat lung tissue in each PhGCs group decreased obviously. Inflammatory cells infiltration, widening of alveolar interval, and thickening of alveolar wall, the enzymatic activity of SOD and GSH increased, and the contents of IL-1β, TNF-α and MDA decreased significantly in PhGCs groups (P<0.05). Conclusion PhGCs extracted from Phlomis younghusbandii may alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammatory response of acute lung injury induced by acute hypoxia. PhGC showed a protective effect against acute HAPE in a rat model.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the improving effect of phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGCs) from Tibetan medicine Phlomis younghusbandii on rats with acute high-altitude cerebral edema. METHODS:60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normoxia control group (isometric sterile water for injection),a hypoxia model group (isometric sterile water for injection),a dexamethasone group(4 mg/kg),and three groups of PhGCs at high(400 mg/kg),middle(200 mg/kg)and low(50 mg/kg)dos-es,with 10 rats in each group. The rats were given drugs,ig,6 d before the establishment of models. On the 4th day of administra-tion,ig,the rats in all groups except the normoxia blank group were placed in a simulated 8 000 m altitude plateau environment for 72 h hypoxic exposure to establish the rat models of high-altitude cerebral edema. Following HE stain,the pathological changes in rats’brain tissues were observed under the light microscope. Dry-wet proportion method was used to determine the water con-tents in rats’brain. The content of MDA and the activities of SOD and GSH in rats’brain tissues were detected. Enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay was adopted to determine the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in rats’serum and brain tissues. RESULTS:Com-pared to the rats in the normoxia control group,those in the hypoxia model group showed obvious brain edema,and thickened lacu-nas around cells and vessels and inflammatory cell infiltration, higher water contents and MDA and weaker activities of SOD and GSH in brain,and higher contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum and brain tissues. There were statistically significances (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared to the rats in the hypoxia model group,those in the groups of PhGCs at high,middleand low dosages demonstrated less inflammatory cell infiltration and lower water contents in brain tissues,in which the groups of PhGCs at high and middle dosages demonstrated lower content of MDA and stronger activities of SOD and GSH in brain tissues, and lower contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum and brain tissues. There were statistically significances (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:PhGCs can obviously alleviate the acute cerebral injury in rats which is caused by acute hypoxia and has im-provement effect to some degree on the rats with acute high-altitude cerebral edema.