Study of photodynamic, sonodynamic and antioxidative influence on HeLa cell line.

Photodynamic treatment (PDT) in combination with sonodynamic treatment (SDT) can be used as suitable methods to treat malignant and benign diseases or combat resistant bacteria. Both methods affect the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the other hand, antioxidants are useful for cell protection against ROS. This work was aimed to study the effect of PDT and SDT treatments on the HeLa cell line using antioxidant Pronalen Sensitive Skin® as a protection from free radicals in the cells. We evaluated the effect of sensitizer ClAlPcS2 using battery of in vitro methods, including MTT assay, kinetic production of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential change, type of cell death and microscopic analysis. Ultrasound treatment was observed to increase the production of ROS, only in combination with PDT, particularly at higher concentrations of ClAlPcS2. The added antioxidant acts as protection against free radicals and has potential as a dietary supplement against aging or free radicals. The results of study suggested that ClAlPcS2 could be used as a potential photosensitizer for treatment of a specific type of cancers.

Peroral Direct Cholangioscopic-Guided Biopsy and Photodynamic Therapy Using an Ultraslim Upper Endoscope for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Intraductal Tiny Nodular Tumor Growth

Bile-duct invasion is rare in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We report a case that received peroral direct cholangioscopy (PDCS)-guided endoscopic biopsy and photodynamic treatment (PDT) for recurrent HCC with intraductal tiny nodular tumor growth. A 64-year-old woman presented with recurrent right upper-quadrant pain. Six months previously she had been diagnosed with HCC with bile-duct invasion in the right anterior segment and had received right anterior segmentectomy. On pathological examination, the margin of resection was clear, but macroscopic bile-duct invasion was noted. On admission, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed a 0.5-cm-sized polypoid mass at the hilar portion. ERCP-guided biopsy failed, and an ampullary stricture was noted. PDCS-guided endoscopic biopsy was thus performed, and histopathology of the retrieved specimen revealed HCC. The patient submitted to PDT. There was no procedure-related complication. After 1 month of PDT the polypoid lesion and scar change at the hilar lesion had disappeared.