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Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and etiologies of central diabetes insipidus (CDI).Methods The clinical data of 230 patients with CDI in the Department of Endocrinology of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2008 June to 2014 December were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results The three most common causes of CDI were idiopathic CDI,lymphocytic hypophysitis and intracranial germ cell tumors.Among all the CDI,the idiopathic CDI accounted for 37.48％.There were significant differences in age onset and gender distribution among the different causes of CDI.The patients with intracranial germ cell tumors [age of onset(19.2± 10.2) years] were younger than the other types of CDI.Germ cell tumors patients were more common in male,and lymphocytic hypophysitis patients were more common in female.The most frequent abnormality of anterior pituitary in patients with CDI was growth hormone deficiency,followed by hypogonadism,adrenal insufficiency and hypothyroidism.The dysfunction of thyroid axis and adrenal axis in patients with germ cell tumor was more common than those in patients with idiopathic and lymphocytic hypophysitis.Conclusions The most common causes of central diabetes insipidus were idiopathic CDI,lymphocytic hypophysitis and intracranial germ cell tumors.There were differences in age of onset,gender distribution and abnormal production of anterior pituitary hormones among all causes of CDI patients.
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La hormona del crecimiento tiene funciones más allá de la que su nombre implica. En el adultoes una hormona importante en el metabolismo de lípidos y carbohidratos, cumple funciones vitales en estados de ayuno y juega un papel preponderante en el equilibrio energético del organismo. La deficiencia de hormona del crecimiento es una entidad bien reconocida en la edad pediátrica, con consecuencias bien establecidas y fácilmente identificables; en contraste, su deficiencia en la edad adulta es más difícil de establecer y puede obedecer a causas congénitas o adquiridas durante la infancia o a causas adquiridas en la edad adulta. En años recientes, se aisló y sintetizó una forma recombinantede la hormona del crecimiento humana, lo cual abrió la posibilidad de tratamiento para aquellas personas con deficiencia de dicha hormona. Sin embargo, hay muchos interrogantes con respecto a la deficiencia de hormona del crecimiento en el adulto, entre ellos, el diagnóstico adecuado y los verdaderosbeneficios y la seguridad del tratamiento con hormona del crecimiento humana recombinante. En este módulo se realiza un estado del arte acerca de la deficiencia de hormona del crecimiento en los adultos.
Growth hormone has other functions besides those that are implied by its name. During adulthood, it is for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, it has vital function in non-fasting states and it has a pivotal role in maintaining the energy balance of the body. Growth hormone deficiency is a well-known disease in childhood, with established and easily recognizable manifestations. In contrast, adult growth hormone deficiency is more difficult to establish and it can result from either genetic or acquired causes during childhood, or acquired causes during adulthood. In recent years, the isolation and synthesis of recombinant human growth hormone was achieved, and this made it possible to treat affected patients. However, many questions remain regarding adult growth hormone deficiency, including questions about the criteria for an adequate diagnosis, and questions with regards to the real benefits and safety of treatment with human growth hormone. This article reviews the current state of the art regarding practices for the diagnosis and management of adult growth hormone deficiency.
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Humanos , Fibrinógeno , Hormona del Crecimiento , Insulina , Metabolismo , AdenohipófisisRESUMEN
AIM: To investigate the expression of angiotensinogen (ANG)mRNA and the changes of AngⅡ content in rat anterior pituitary during acute stress.METHODS: The expression of ANG mRNA was determined using in situ hybridization technique, and the AngⅡ content were determined by RIA.RESULTS: The ANG mRNA expression and AngⅡ content were significantly increased, and ANG mRNA was increased more significantly than AngⅡ content. CONCLUSION: The local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in anterior pituitary is obviously activated during stress, which strongly supports the view that local RAS contributes to stress reaction.
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The Weibel-Palade-like body were found in the cytoplasm of the growth hormone and follicullar - stellate cells of rabbit adenopypophsis. The body is surrounded by a single unit membrane. In this body, there are numerous of microtubules which can be divided into two groups depending upon their diameters.Yet, it is uncertain what the virtual function is and where the bodies come from. However, according to the experimental observations, it is suggested that the body serve as a mechanical power device which has relations with the regional distribution of the organelles. The intranuclear microtubules and intranuclear tubules were also found in the growth hormone cells. The diameters of these intranuclear microtubules range from 25 - 30 nm, and the intranuclear tubule about 78 nm. The fomer seems to be connected with the heterochromatin granules, and may be. a transitional pattern from heterochromatin to euchromatin, but their importance remain to be clarified.