RESUMEN
RESUMEN Fundamento: El insuficiente nivel de conocimiento sobre salud bucal, la presencia de factores de riesgos y las características propias de la juventud, son elementos determinantes que favorecen el desarrollo y aplicación de programas educativos. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del Programa Educativo de salud bucodental en reclusos del Centro de Atención al Joven de la provincia Sancti Spíritus durante el período de enero a julio del 2017. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de intervención comunitaria con diseño antes y después en un ambiente no controlado en una muestra de 42 reclusos de 18 a 25 años. El nivel de conocimiento se identificó a través de una encuesta, las prácticas a través de una entrevista estructurada y la eficiencia del cepillado bucodental mediante el control de placa dentobacteriana. Resultados: Se observó un cambio de 9.5 % a un 71.4 % del nivel de conocimiento bueno, al igual que en las prácticas y en la eficiencia del cepillado de un 31.0 % a un 83.3 %. Conclusiones: El Programa Educativo demostró su efectividad al obtener resultados satisfactorios en cuanto a la modificación de los conocimientos y prácticas sobre salud bucodental en los reclusos.
ABSTRACT Background: The insufficient level of knowledge about oral health, the presence of risk factors and the characteristics of youth, are determining elements that favor the development and application of educational programs. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Oral Health Education Program in inmates of the Youth Care Center in Sancti Spiritus province from January to July 2017. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study of community intervention with former and later design in an uncontrolled environment was designed, sample of 42 inmates aged 18 to 25. The level of knowledge was identified through a survey, practices through a structured interview and the efficiency of oral brushing through the control of dentobacterial plaque. Results: A change from 9.5 % to 71.4 % of good knowledge level was observed, as well as practices and brushing efficiency from 31.0 % to 83.3 %. Conclusions: The Education Program demonstrated its effectiveness by obtaining satisfactory results regarding the modification of knowledge and practices on oral health in inmates.
Asunto(s)
Salud Bucal , Educación en Salud DentalRESUMEN
O artigo analisa as representações sociais elaboradas por presos e agentes prisionais da Penitenciária Modulada Estadual de Osório, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, por meio de imagens desenhadas nos ambientes da prisão e suas significações. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, de tipo exploratório, descritivo e interpretativo que utilizou a análise semiológica de fotografias oriundas do ambiente prisional. As coleções de imagens foram organizadas em torno a quatro campos semânticos: Violência; Sexualidade; Religiosidade e Fé; Inscrições. Foi realizado o procedimento de grupo focal onde os agentes penitenciários assistiam a projeção das fotografias e expunham suas percepções e representações sobre as mesmas. Após a análise de todo o material foram encontrados três campos analíticos: Relações de Poder; Identidades Assumidas; Modos de Subjetivação. As análises problematizam os significados que os agentes penitenciários elaboram, seus preconceitos e estereótipos, além do fatalismo atribuído aos presos e à criminalidade.
This paper analyzes social representations by prisoners and prison guards from the State Penitenciaria Modulada in Osorio, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, considering images drawn in the prison surroundings and their meanings. This qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, interpretative research used the semiological analysis of photographs of the prison surroundings. The collections of images were organized in four semantic fields: Violence; Sexuality; Religiousness and Faith; Inscriptions. A focus group procedure was used. The photographs were projected to the prison agents, who showed their perceptions and representations about them. After the analysis of the whole material, three analysis fields were found: Power Relationships; Assumed Identities; Modes and Processes of Subjectivation. The analyses problematize the meanings that the prison guards create, their prejudices and stereotypes, besides the fatalism attributed to both the prisoners and criminality.
El artículo analiza las representaciones sociales elaboradas por encarcelados y agentes de la Penitenciaria Modulada Estadual de Osorio, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, a través de imágenes dibujadas en los ambientes de la cárcel y sus significados. Fue realizada una investigación cualitativa, de tipo exploratorio, descriptivo e interpretativo que utilizó el análisis semiológico de imágenes del ambiente prisional. Las colecciones de imágenes fueron organizadas a partir de cuatro campos semánticos: Violencia; Sexualidad; Religiosidad y Fe; Inscripciones. Fue realizado el procedimiento de grupo focal dónde los agentes asistieron a la proyección de las imágenes y presentaron sus percepciones y representaciones. El análisis total del flujo de datos encontró tres campos analíticos: Relaciones de Poder; Identidades Asumidas; Modos y Procesos de Subjetivación. Los análisis discuten los significados que los agentes elaboran, sus prejuicios y estereotipos, además del fatalismo atribuido a los encarcelados y a la criminalidad.
Cet article analyse les représentations sociales faites par les détenus et agents pénitentiaires modulée Estadual de Osorio, Rio Grande do Sul, au Brésil, à travers des images tirées des environnements de prison em et leurs significations. Cette étude a effectué une recherche qualitative descriptive et interprétative, exploratoire, qui a utilisé l'analyse sémiotique des images de l'environnement correctionnel. Les collections d'images ont été organisées à partir de quatre champs sémantiques : la violence; Sexualité ; Religiosité et la foi; Inscriptions. Il a été mené le processus de groupe de discussion où les agents ont assisté à la projection d'images et ont présenté leurs perceptions et représentations. L'analyse globale des flux de données trouvé trois champs d'analyse : Relacones électriques ; Identités assumées; Les méthodes et les processus subjectifs. L'analyse examine les significations que les agents produisent, préjugés et les stéréotypes, outre le emprisonné attribué à la criminalité et le fatalisme.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Adult neural stem cells have the potential for self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell lineages via symmetric or asymmetric cell division. Preso1 is a recently identified protein involved in the formation of dendritic spines and the promotion of axonal growth in developing neurons. Preso1 can also bind to cell polarity proteins, suggesting a potential role for Preso1 in asymmetric cell division. METHODS: To investigate the distribution of Preso1, we performed immunohistochemistry with adult mouse brain slice. Also, polarized distribution of Preso1 was assessed by immunocytochemistry in cultured neural stem cells. RESULTS: Immunoreactivity for Preso1 (Preso1-IR) was strong in the rostral migratory stream and subventricular zone, where proliferating transit-amplifying cells and neuroblasts are prevalent. In cultured neural stem cells, Preso1-IR was unequally distributed in the cell cytosol. We also observed the distribution of Preso1 in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, another neurogenic region in the adult brain. Interestingly, Preso1-IR was transiently observed in the nuclei of doublecortin-expressing neuroblasts immediately after asymmetric cell division. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that Preso1 is asymmetrically distributed in the cytosol and nuclei of neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult brain, and may play a significant role in cell differentiation via association with cell polarity machinery.