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1.
Rev. cient. (Guatem.) ; 27(1): [21]-[31], 20170517.
Artículo en Español | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-882845

RESUMEN

El maní y ajonjolí, son dos fuentes importantes de macronutrientes y micronutrientes. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la ganancia de peso, calidad proteica y digestibilidad en ocho dietas compuestas a base de dos leguminosas, en ratas Wistar durante cuatro semanas. Las dietas se clasificaron en dieta control; dieta A (leche descremada), dieta B (libre de nitrógeno), dietas C, D, E, F (conformadas por 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% de maní complementadas con leche descremada), y dietas G, H, I, J (conformadas por 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% de ajonjolí, complementadas con leche descremada). Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la ganancia de peso en relación a la dieta control, principalmente en los grupos de ratas que consumieron la dieta D, maní 75% con un valor medio después de las cuatros semanas de 226.00 g (SD=55.29)(p<.05), dieta H, ajonjolí 75%, con un valor medio de 218.16 g (SD=56.28)(p<.05), y dieta I, ajonjolí 50%, con un valor medio de 216.83 g (SD=45.86)(p<.05). Las dietas formuladas con leche y leguminosas fueron de alta digestibilidad (96% - 100%), con un índice de eficiencia proteica de 2.73, muy similar al encontrado en la dieta control. Estas formulaciones basadas en leguminosas podrían tener potencial uso en la nutrición humana.


Peanuts and sesame are two important sources of macronutrients and micronutrients. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the weight gain, protein quality and digestibility of eight legume-based diets in Wistar rats during a period of four weeks. The diets were classified as: control diet, diet A (skim milk), diet B (nitrogen free), diets C, D, E, F (with peanuts in a proportion that varied from 100%, 75%, 50% to 25%, mixed with skim milk), diets G, H, I, J (with sesame in a proportion that varied from 100%, 75, 50% to 25%, mixed with skim milk). The study showed significant differences in weight gain when comparing with the control diet, particularly with diet D (75% peanut) with 226 g (SD=55.29) (p<0.05), diet H (75% sesame) with 218.16 g (SD=56.28) (p<0.05), and diet I (50% sesame) with 216.83 g (SD=45.86) (p<0.05). The study showed that the diets with skim milk and legumes were highly digestible (96% - 100%), with protein efficiency ratio (PER) of 2.73, very similar to the control diet. These formulations are promising and have potential implications for human nutrition.

2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(5): 1557-1566, Sep-Oct/2014. tab, graf
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: lil-729752

RESUMEN

Objetivou-se por meio deste estudo determinar a necessidade nutricional de lisina digestível em rações para juvenis de tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Setecentos e vinte peixes masculinizados (7,30±0,11g) foram alimentados durante 30 dias com oito rações (26,81% de proteína digestível e 3090kcal/kg de energia digestível da ração) contendo teores crescentes de lisina digestível (1,24; 1,36; 1,48; 1,60; 1,72; 1,84; 1,96 e 2,08%). As tilápias foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com oito tratamentos, seis repetições e 15 peixes por unidade experimental. Foram avaliadas variáveis de desempenho (ganho de peso, taxa de crescimento específico, taxa de sobrevivência, consumo de ração, consumo de lisina digestível, conversão alimentar aparente, eficiência proteica para ganho, eficiência de lisina para ganho e eficiência de retenção de nitrogênio) e de composição corporal (teores de umidade, gordura, proteína, matéria mineral corporal e as taxas de deposição diária de proteína e gordura corporais). A elevação do teor de lisina digestível na ração não influenciou (P>0,05) o consumo de ração, a taxa de sobrevivência e os teores de umidade e de matéria mineral corporal, mas melhorou de forma quadrática (P<0,05) os demais parâmetros avaliados, com exceção do consumo de lisina e da eficiência de lisina para ganho, que aumentou e reduziu, respectivamente, de forma linear (P<0,05). Recomenda-se que rações para juvenis de tilápia-do-nilo devam conter 1,84% de lisina digestível para máximo ganho de peso...


The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional need of lysine in diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Seven hundred and twenty masculinized fish (7.30±0.11g) were fed for 30 days with eight diets (26.81% of digestible protein and 3090 kcal/kg digestible energy of feed) containing increasing levels of lysine (1.24, 1.36, 1.48, 1.60, 1.72, 1.84, 1.96 and 2.08%). The tilapia were distributed in a completely randomized design with eight treatments and six replicates of 15 fish per experimental unit. We evaluated the performance variables (weight gain, specific growth rate, survival rate, feed intake, digestible lysine intake, feed conversion, protein efficiency for gain, efficiency of lysine for gain and efficiency of retention nitrogen) and body composition (moisture, fat, protein, ash body and deposition rates of daily protein and fat). The high levels of dietary lysine did not affect (P>0.05) feed intake, the survival rate and the moisture and ash body, but improved (P<0.05) other parameters, except for lysine intake and efficiency of lysine for gain, which increased and decreased, respectively, linearly (P<0.05). It is recommended that diets for juvenile Nile tilapia should contain 1.84% digestible lysine for maximum weight gain...


Asunto(s)
Animales , Cíclidos , Lisina/análisis , Tilapia/metabolismo , Alimentación Animal , Ciencias de la Nutrición Animal , Peces , Aumento de Peso
3.
Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition ; (6)2004.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM | ID: wpr-564487

RESUMEN

Objective: To explore the effects of early higher protein nutrition support and growth hormone in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods: 60 patients with severe craniocerebral injury were randomized into observation group and control group.The observation group (30 cases) had received on higher protein nutrition support [2-2.5 g/(kg?d)] and growth hormone for one week. The control group(30 cases) had received lower [1.2-1.5 g/(kg?d) protein nutrition support] for one week. The levels of protein index were determined. The clinical effect and complication were compared between the two groups. Results: The serum prealbumin, albumin, transferrin and hemoglobin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The staying time in ICU was significantly shorter and the progrosis was better in the observation group. There were no statistical differences about the index of liver function, renal function and the morbility between the two groups. Conclusion: Early higher protein nutrition support and growth hormone can improve the nutrition status and the prognosis of patients with severe craniocerebral injury.

4.
Acta Nutrimenta Sinica ; (6)1956.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM | ID: wpr-550900

RESUMEN

Serum prealbumin (PAB) and plasm free amino acids were determined in normal and zinc deficient preschool children. In zinc deficient children, the prealbumin level was much lower than normal;cystine and .proline were higher but most of other amino acids and essential amino acids, branched chain amino acids, essential amino acids/total amino acids, branched chain amino acids/nonbranched chain amino acids were signifcantly lower than those of normal children.

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