Analysis of the suicidal behavior and psychosocial factors among HIV positive patients in Guangzhou / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the status of suicidal behaviors and suicidal ideation among HIV positive patients in Guangzhou, and to explore its relevant psycho-social factors. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of HIV positive adult patients in six districts of Guangzhou to collect social-demographic characteristics, HIV infection time, suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviors and psycho-social factors. Use suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviors as the dependent variables to conduct the univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 464 subjects,5.2% and 17.4% of them had suicidal behaviors and suicidal ideation. Analysis showed that the infection route, depression, anxiety, social discrimination, self-discrimination were correlated with the suicidal behaviors(all P<0.05), while age, health status, spouse infection, depression, anxiety and social support, social discrimination, self-discrimination were correlated with the suicidal ideation(all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that depression and self-discrimination were associated with suicidal behaviors(all P<0.05),depression and social discrimination were associated with suicidal ideation (all P<0.05). Conclusions HIV-positive adult patients in Guangzhou have a high incidence of suicidal ideation and behaviors. Psychological counseling, risk assessment and timely treatment related to depression, social discrimination self-discrimination and early antiviral treatment should be targeted in HIV-positive adult patients.

Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in staff of juvenile facilities: Differences according to their socio-labour context / Prevalência da síndrome de Burnout em pessoal de centros de menores: diferenças segundo seu contexto socioprofissional / Prevalência del síndrome de Burnout en personal de centros de menores: diferencias según su contexto sociolaboral

Abstract This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of burnout and its three components (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and lack of self-fulfilment) in the staff of juvenile facilities in Spain, and to analyze the predictive capacity of various epidemiological and occupational factors regarding the likelihood of suffering the aforementioned syndrome. For this end, a quantitative cross-sectional research was carried out with a sample of 160 professionals by means of an ad hoc questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The burnout results in juvenile facilities show an average impact of emotional exhaustion (40%) and self-fulfilment (41.2%) and a low depersonalisation (55.6%). Likewise, it is confirmed that the location and the age of the centre are significant sources of variation in emotional exhaustion, as well as gender is in depersonalisation, and profession in self-fulfilment. In conclusion, the greatest predisposition to suffer Burnout occurs in unmarried women aged between 34 and 43, with little work experience, permanent contract and working as social educators or social workers in alternate shifts (morning or afternoon) in urban centres.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout e de seus três componentes (esgotamento emocional, despersonalização e falta de realização pessoal) no pessoal de alguns centros de menores na Espanha e analisar a capacidade preditiva de diversos fatores epidemiológicos e profissionais sobre a probabilidade de padecer dessa síndrome. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa de corte transversal numa amostra de 160 profissionais mediante a aplicação de um questionário elaborado ad hoc e do Maslach Burnout Inventory. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma incidência média em esgotamento emocional (40%) e realização pessoal (41,2%), e uma baixa despersonalização (55,6%) no burnout de profissionais de centros de menores. Além disso, confirma-se que a localização do centro e a antiguidade são fontes significativas de variação no esgotamento emocional, bem como o sexo na despersonalização, e a profissão na realização pessoal. Em conclusão, a maior pré-disposição a sofrer burnout é produzida em mulheres solteiras, com idade entre 34 e 43 anos, com pouca experiência profissional, contrato fixo e que trabalham como educadoras ou trabalhadoras sociais em períodos alternados (manhã ou tarde) dos centros localizados em centros urbanos.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout y de sus tres componentes (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal) en el personal de algunos centros de menores en España y analizar la capacidad predictiva de diversos factores epidemiológicos y laborales sobre la probabilidad de padecer dicho síndrome. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa de corte transversal en una muestra de 160 profesionales mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc y el Maslach Burnout Inventory. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una incidencia media en agotamiento emocional (40 %) y realización personal (41.2 %), y una baja despersonalización (55.6 %) en el burnout de profesionales de centros de menores. Asimismo, se confirma que la ubicación del centro y la antigüedad son fuentes significativas de variación en el agotamiento emocional, así como el sexo en la despersonalización, y la profesión en la realización personal. En conclusión, la mayor predisposición a sufrir burnout se produce en mujeres solteras y con edades entre los 34 y 43 años, con poca experiencia laboral, contrato fijo, y que trabajan como educadoras o trabajadoras sociales en turnos alternos (mañana o tarde) de los centros ubicados en cascos urbanos.

Psycho-social factors of sexual failure among newly married Uyghur young males / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To study the psycho-social risk factors of sexual failure among newly married young males in the Uyghur population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a paired case control study of 186 newly married Uyghur young males (aged 17－30 ［23.4±2.9］ yr) with sexual failure and another 186 (aged 18－34 ［24.0±3.1］ yr) with no such problem as controls. We performed a logistic regression analysis on the possible psycho-social risk factors of this condition.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of sexual failure among the newly married men included personality (OR=0.271, 95% CI 0.176－0.420), income (OR=0.391, 95% CI 0.264－0.580), history of masturbation (OR=0.824, 95% CI 0.710－0.956), premarital sex (OR=0.757, 95% CI 0.677－0.847), sense of obligation (OR=1.756, 95% CI 1.157－2.693), equality of the social status (OR=0.574, 95% CI 0.435－0.756), degree of mutual care (OR=1.605, 95% CI 1.268－2.032), female's psychological obstacle (OR=2.832, 95% CI 1.221－6.569), and religion (OR=0.643, 95% CI 0.472－0.967). There was a statistical significance in the correlation between these factors and sexual failure in the newly married males (all P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sexual failure of newly married Uyghur young males are associated with many psycho-social factors, which necessitates sexual education among young males and particularly pre-marriage sexual education and psychological guide among both males and females.</p>

Environmental and psycho-social factors related to prostate cancer risk in the Chinese population: a case-control study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the risk environmental and psycho-social factors associated to prostate cancer (PCa) in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>250 PCa patients and 500 controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Information was collected and logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for relationship between lifestyle, eating habits and psycho-social factors with PCa risk.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Green vegetables and green tea were associated with a decreased risk of PCa (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.28-0.53; OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.40-0.87, respectively). Family history of PCa (OR=7.16, 95% CI: 2.01-25.49), history of prostate diseases (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.53-3.41), alcohol consumption (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.33-2.90), red meat consumption (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.20-2.52), barbecued (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.11-4.73) or fried (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.24-4.43) foods were related with increased PCa risk. Negative psycho-social factors including occupational setbacks (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.59), marital separation (OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.29-2.91), self-contained suffering (OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.58-3.55), and high sensitivity to the personal comments (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.54) were related to PCa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Regular consumption of green vegetables and green tea may suggest protective effects on PCa. Alcohol consumption, red meat consumption and barbecued or fried foods were associated with PCa. Negative psycho-social factors may also play a role in the incidence of PCa in Chinese population.</p>

Funciones, expectativas y riesgos psicosociales del trabajo contemporáneo / Functions, expectations and psychosocial risks of contemporary work

Este artículo se enmarca en el Plan: "Situaciones de acoso en los procesos de trabajo: aproximación a homogeneidades y diferencias en organizaciones públicas y privadas", beca doctoral CONICET de la Lic. Cebey, dirección: Dra. Ferrari. El objetivo general es explorar, identificar y analizar componentes y factores subjetivos, interaccionales y organizacionales comprometidos en la producción expresa o potencial de situaciones de acoso dentro de los procesos de trabajo. Constituye una línea de investigación dentro del Proyecto UBACyT P015: "Riesgos psicosociales de los trabajadores. Efectos subjetivos e intersubjetivos de la precarización laboral", dirigido por la Dra. Filippi. A nivel metodológico, para esta comunicación se exponen líneas de análisis y reflexión emergentes de un focusgroup implementado durante el año 2009. Composición: mujeres, 20-40 años; estudios universitarios en curso; 70%, sector privado. Se destacan funciones y expectativas del trabajo percibidas y su nexo con los denominados factores psicosociales de riesgo en el trabajo.

This article is framed in the work plan: "Harassment situations in working processes: approach to homogeneities and differences in public and private organizations", CONICET doctoral scholarship granted to Lic. Cebey, direction: Dra. Ferrari. The general aim is to explore, identify and analyze subjective, interactional and organizational components and factors compromised in the express or potential production of harassment within working processes. It constitutes a line of investigation within UBACyT Project P015: "Workers' psycho-social risks. Subjective and intersubjective effects of labor precarization", directed by Dra. Filippi. At a methodological level, for this communication are exposed lines of analyses and reflection based on a focus-group implemented during year 2009. Group composition: women, 20-40 years; university studies in course; 70%, private sector. We highlight work's functions and expectations as they are perceived by the participants and their nexus with the denominated psycho-social risk factors at work.

Prevalencia de trastornos mentales y estresores psicosociales en usuarios de consulta externa en psicología de la Universidad de San Buenaventura, Medellín – Colombia / Prevalence of mental disorders and psycho-social tensors in outpatients in psychology at Saint Bonaventure University, Medellin – Colombia

The objective of this study was to strengthen theprevalence of mental disorders and psycho-socialtensors in outpatients in psychology at SaintBonaventure University, Medellin - Colombia. In thestudy, 106 users took part in it (35.8% men and64% women) with an average age of 26.8 years,who were given the neuropsychiatric internationalinterview (Scheehan and Lecrubier, 1998) and theassessment format of the Axis IV of the DSM-IV-TR(APA, 2002). The disorders of major prevalencewere risk of suicide (28.30%), past majordepression (26.41%) and current major depression(20.75%), depression with melancholy (15.10%),disorders due to the use of non-alcoholic substances(15.09%) , anguish disorder (14.15%) ,generalized anxiety (13.20%), past hypomania(12.26%), social phobia (10.37%), and abuse anddependence of alcohol (10.37%). The relatedpsycho-social tensors were the issues referring to theprimary group (47.8%), the social ambiance(39.1%) and teaching-related problems (13%).

El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales y los estresores psicosociales asociados en usuarios de consulta externa de psicología de la Universidad de SanBuenaventura, Medellín - Colombia. Participaron 106 usuarios (35.8% hombres y 64% mujeres), con una edad media de 26.8 años, a los cuales se lesaplicó la entrevista internacional neuropsiquiátrica (Scheehan y Lecrubier, 1998) y el formato deevaluación del Eje IV del DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2002). Los trastornos de mayor prevalencia fueron riesgo de suicidio (28.30%), depresión mayor pasadaPrevalence of Mental Disorders and Psycho-social Tensors in Outpatients in Psychology at Saint Bonaventure University, Medellin – Colombia(26.41%), depresión mayor actual (20.75%), depresión con melancolía (15.10%), trastornos por uso de sustancias no alcohólicas (15.09%),trastorno por angustia (14.15%), ansiedad generalizada (13.20%), hipomanía pasada (12.26%), fobia social (10.37%), y abuso y dependencia al alcohol (10.37%). Los estresores psicosociales asociados fueron los problemas relativos al grupo primario (47.8%), al ambiente social (39.1%), y problemas relacionados con la enseñanza (13%).

Analyses on the Factors Related to Stages of Dietary Behavioral Changes among Child Bearing Aged Women

This study examined the factors related to stages of dietary behavioral changes among 1449 child bearing aged women (mean age +/- SD = 25.6 +/- 5.3 years) residing in large cities. A self administered questionnaire was used to assess stages of dietary behavioral change, meal balance and regularity, food availability, nutrition knowledge, body mass index, nutrient intake, and psycho-social factors including self efficacy, perceived benefits and barriers, social modeling. Undesirable dietary behaviors (precontemplation and contemplation) were shown among 45.1-57.4% of the participants, among those, 33.4-43.0% were precontemplators. Participants'' self efficacy scores associated with dietary changes were higher in specific situations (3.42) as compared to general situations (2.86). Similarly, they appeared to perceive more benefits (3.86) rather than barriers (2.76) by changing their inappropriate eating habits. Perception and accuracy scores of nutrition knowledge were relatively high, indicating 90.9 and 80.1, respectively. In terms of food availability at home, fresh fruits received the highest score, followed by milk and milk products, vegetables, meat, alcoholic beverages and soft drinks. In social modeling assessment, family members, as compared to friends, appeared to have better dietary habits. Stages of dietary behavioral change assessed in terms of meal regularity were associated with nutrient intake, showing higher energy and carbohydrate intakes but lower fat intake among those who belonged to the action and maintenance stage. They also presented higher self efficacy and perceived more benefits and less barriers regarding the change of undesirable eating habits. Fresh meat and vegetables were more available among those maintaining desirable dietary habits. Results of this study presented the significant relations of motivational and reinforcing social factors with stages of dietary behavioral changes and a need for the development of tailored nutrition education program considering these factors for child-bearing aged Korean women.

Psycho-social Factors Related to Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the psycho-social factors related to functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGD).Methods Using Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ), Coping styles questionnaire (CSQ), Life events scale (LES) and Social support rating scale (SSRS) to study psycho-social factors in FGD patients. The results were compared with normal controls.Results The number of FGD patients who possessed introversion and neurosis personality was significant higher than the controls (P