Necesidades psicosociales y características de una intervención online para apoyar a las madres adolescentes / Psychosocial needs and characteristics of an online intervention to support adolescent mothers

OBJETIVO: Identificar las necesidades de las madres adolescentes chilenas y las características de un servicio para apoyarlas. MÉTODOS: Se condujo un estudio cualitativo, utilizando grupos focales y entrevistas con madres adolescentes del área sur oriente de Santiago de Chile. Se realizó un análisis temático utilizando el programa Atlas.ti versión 6. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron tres grupos focales (n=22) y siete entrevistas con madres adolescentes. El principal tema emergente fue la necesidad de incorporar intervenciones basadas en Internet para apoyar a las adolescentes. De acuerdo a las participantes, la intervención debe incluir acceso inmediato a información (específica para el embarazo y habilidades parentales), apoyo de pares y continuidad del cuidado. CONCLUSIÓN: Las madres adolescentes tienen necesidades particulares y estas pueden ser cubiertas por un espacio virtual seguro que entregue información, apoyo profesional y de pares continuo. Nuevas intervenciones deben incluir en su diseño las características tecnológicas nativas de este grupo y utilizarlas para apoyar a las madres adolescentes de manera efectiva.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the needs of teen mothers in Chile and the characteristics of a service to tackle them. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with teen mothers in the South East area of Santiago, Chile. Thematic analysis was conducted assisted by Atlas.ti version 6. RESULTS: Three focus groups (n=22) and seven interviews with teen mothers were conducted. The main emerging theme was the need to incorporate Internet-based interventions to support teen mothers. According to the participants, the intervention should include immediate access to information (tailored for pregnancy and parenting skills), peer support, and continuity of care. CONCLUSION: Teen mothers have particular needs and these could be address by providing a safe and virtual space to access information, continuous professional and peer support. New interventions should include within their design the IT- native characteristics of this group and use them to reach teen mothers effectively.

The association of the demographic and clinical profiles with the psychosocial needs of cancer patients

Cancer causes eventful deterioration of an individual's health. The latest data on cancer show a significant rise on new cases and deaths on cancer. Patients face the risk of enduring disability, incapacity to perform daily activities, and psychosocial problems that can result from its sequelae.OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to determine the demographic, clinical profile and psychosocial needs of cancer patients and the association of demographic and clinical profile with psychosocial needs.METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional survey was utilized in this study which involved 116 cancer patients who were admitted or out-patient in Davao Regional Medical Center (DRMC) Tagum City. Data were obtained at DRMC premises on October 15, 2014 to October 1, 2015 using a psychosocial needs inventory (PNI) questionnaire. Categorical variables expressed as proportions (n,%) were analyzed using chi-square statistics. On the other hand, continuous data (x, + SD) were analyzed using the t-test. In measuring the degree of association of two nominal data, bivariate correlational analysis (Pearson Correlation) was utilized.RESULTS: The results in this study show a significant association of the demographic and clinical profile of the patients to their psychosocial needs in the aspect of mental, social, emotional/spiritual, and practical, as reflected in the p-values and r-values revealed in the analysis. On the other hand, it was also revealed that there seem to be important unmet needs that were also expressed by the cancer patients.CONCLUSION: Patients with cancer have health needs that are not only limited to medical, but also with psychosocial needs. However, what these psychosocial needs are, and their hierarchy among cancer patients with different demographic and clinical features has not been fully explored. This study revealed that the demographic and clinical profiles of cancer patients enrolled in this study are significantly associated with psychosocial needs in terms of mental, social, emotional/spiritual, and practical needs. The outcome of this study suggests that an exemplary model of health care for cancer patients should not focus only on medical and clinical aspect, but also taking into account the psychosocial needs of the patients. Hence, health care providers should confine to the full course of psychosocial needs in a holistic approach both medical and non-medical aspects to improve the quality of life of patient battling with cancer.    

The relationship between psychosocial behavior reaction, psychosocial needs, anxiety and depression among colostomy patients prior to discharge / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the psychosocial behavior reaction,psychosocial needs,anxiety and depression among colostomy patients prior to discharge and to explore the relationship between them.Methods Totally 67 colostomy patients from 2 hospitals in Guangzhou were recruited and investigated by demographic questionnaire,Ostomy Psychosocial Behavior Reaction Questionnaire,Ostomy Psychosocial Needs Questionnaire,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 1-2 days prior to discharge.Results The psychosocial behavior reaction among coIostomy patients was in the moderate level with the mean score 2.15±0.27.The psychosocial needs were in medium to high level with the mean score 2.09±0.41.About 37.3％ of colostomy patients showed anxiety,while 20.9％ patients showed depression.Significant positive correlation was shown between psychosocial behavior reaction and psychosocial needs(r=0.565,P＜0.01),while significant positive correlation was also shown between psychosocial behavior reaction and anxiety-depression(r=-0.472,-0.319,P＜0.01).Psychosocial needs and anxiety could predict psychosocial behavior reaction positively(β=0.486,-0.375,P＜0.01).Conclusion The positive acknowledgement and reconstruction are the main psychosocial behavior reactions prior to discharge in colostomy patients.Patients with more psychosocial needs,severe anxiety show more psychosocial behavior reaction.

Needs of Siblings of Persons with Psychosis: A Systematic Descriptive Review

Research on caregivers of psychosis has predominantly focused on parents and spouses. Issues related to siblings of persons with psychosis (SOPP) are yet to be evaluated comprehensively. Like parents and spouses, SOPP also share the caregiver burden and have their own issues and needs. This systematic descriptive review aims to identify the types of needs of SOPP in the published literature and gives implications for further practice and research. The primary data search was carried out with predefined protocol in PubMed database and an additional hand search was done in EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Scopus, and PsychINFO. All the searches yielded a total of 862 titles. After screening for necessary inclusion criteria, seven studies were included in the final review. The results are discussed under six major themes that emerged from this review. Six out of seven studies highlighted the need for information on siblings' illness and participation in caregiver support group. Other important needs were illness management or rehabilitation needs; help in managing their own psychosocial issues; treatment related informational needs; and inclusion in treatment process. The socio-demographic details of these studies showed that majority of the participants were female siblings of Caucasian or white British ethnicity and from developed countries. SOPP predominantly have specific needs such as informational and support group needs, which are different in the priority of other primary caregiver needs. Paucity of literature from developing countries and the limitations of the existing studies warrant further systematic research.

Caracterización de las necesidades psicosociales del enfermo oncológico terminal / Characterization of the psychosocial needs of oncological terminal patients

Introducción: a pesar del desarrollo alcanzado en la medicina, se han incrementado las enfermedades crónicas degenerativas y malignas y con ellas el aumento de los enfermos terminales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo principal la identificación de las necesidades psicosociales de los enfermos oncológicos en situación terminal del policlínico José Martí del municipio de Camagüey que se encontraban ingresados en el hogar durante el año 2011. Material y métodos: se les aplicó una encuesta a 50 pacientes para valorar comportamiento de la comunicación sobre la enfermedad tanto con el médico como con sus familiares, así como la satisfacción ante el tratamiento médico, acompañamiento familiar y atención recibida por el equipo de salud. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados de forma computarizada mediante el empleo de métodos de estadística descriptiva, los mismos se expresaron en forma de tablas. Resultados y Discusión: el análisis de los resultados indicó que el 90 % de los enfermos habla poco del tema con el médico que lo atiende; asimismo, el 84 % de los pacientes terminales conversa poco con la familia acerca de la enfermedad y sus complicaciones. El 100 % de los pacientes mostraron satisfacción con la atención recibida. La relación con los integrantes del equipo de cuidados paliativos, el 100 % de los encuestados lo calificó como bueno. Conclusiones: aunque hay aspectos del bienestar psicosocial de estos enfermos que pueden considerarse de nivel satisfactorio existen otros que requieren un mejor enfoque tanto por los pacientes, como por el personal médico.

Introduction: Despite the development reached in the field of medicine, degenerative and malignant chronic diseases have increased, and with them, the number of terminal patients. The main objective of this work was to identify the psychosocial needs of the oncological terminal patients that had been hospitalized in 2011, at José Martí polyclinic in the municipality of Camagüey. Materials and methods: 50 patients were surveyed, in order to analyze the way they behave and communicate as sick people with doctors and their family; also the patient’s level of satisfaction with regard to the medical treatment, family company, and the assistance given by the medical team. The obtained data was computerized using methods of descriptive statistics, which were exposed in charts. Results and discussion: As a result, it was found out that 90% of the patients don’t talk too much about their disease with their doctor; and 84% of the terminal patients don’t say much to their family about the disease and its complications. 100% of the patients felt satisfied with the received assistance. 100% of those polled categorize of good the relation between the members of the palliative care team. Conclusions: Even though some aspects of the psychosocial welfare of these patients are satisfactory, there are others that require a better approach from the patients and the medical personnel point of view.

Influência das necessidades psicossociais na saúde mental das crianças / Influence of psychosociais needs in the mental health of the children

Este artigo de revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo correlacionar as necessidades psicossociais (amor, aceitação, atenção, gregária e segurança) da teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Horta com a saúde mental das crianças de 0 a 5 anos, buscando oferecer subsídios para a prática profissional de enfermagem. Para isso, faz um resgate da assistência prestada a criança, desde a Idade Antiga, quando eram esquecidas, até as descobertas de Freud sobre o inconsciente humano e a valorização dos sentimentos destas nos primeiros anos de vida. Finalmente, utilizando os pressupostos teóricos do cuidado em enfermagem, descreve a importância da valorização das necessidades psicossociais para a saúde mental das crianças.

This article of bibliographical revision has as objective to correlate the psychosocial needs (love, acceptance, attention, gregarious and security) of the Horta's Theory Human Basic Needs with the mental health the children of 0 to 5 years, searching to offer subsidies for the practical professional of nursing. For this, the child makes a rescue of the assistance given, since the old age, when they were forgotten, the discoveries of Freud on the unconscious human being and the valuation them feelings of these in the first years of life. Finally, using the estimated theoreticians of the care in nursing, describes the importance of the evaluation of the psychosociais needs for the mental health of the children.

Este artículo de la revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo, correlacionar las necesidades psicossociais (amor, aceptación, atención, gregaria y seguridad) de la presunción de las necesidades humanas básicas humanas de Horta con la salud mental de los niños de 0 los 5 años, buscando ofrecer los subsidios para la práctica profesional de enfermería. Para esto, hace un rescaté de la ayuda dada el niño, puesto que la vieja edad, cuando ellos fueron olvidados, los descubrimientos de Freud en el inconsciente del ser humano y la valuación ellos las sensaciones de éstos en los primeros años de la vida. Finalmente, usando a los presupuestos teóricos del cuidado de enfermería, describe la importancia de la valuación de las necesidades psicossociais de la salud mental de los niños.

Children with Epilepsy: Quality of Life and Management / 아동간호학회지

The purpose of this article is to describe the overview of current medical treatments of childhood epilepsy in Korea and to review several recent nursing researches related to quality of life problems, especially psychological functioning in children with epilepsy and the stress of the family. The prognosis of childhood epilepsy has been improved considerably and about 80% of patients can now be expected to achieve complete seizure control by the antiepileptic drug treatment. Even for the intractable epilepsy, with the combination of ketogenic diet program and antiepileptic drug therapy or surgical treatment, the prognosis became very much better than before. The majority of research has reported that children with epilepsy were experiencing quality of life problems. They are at risk for impaired functioning, compared to either general population controls or to other chronic illness groups such as asthma and diabetes. The ultimate goal of providing care to children with epilepsy is to control seizures while facilitating an optimal quality of life for the child as well as the family. Recommendations are included for future research and intervention programs for children, parents and our society.