Effects of Breast-Feeding Adaptation and Quality of Sleep on Postpartum Depression in Puerperal Women

PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide preliminary data for a nursing intervention plan for puerperal women to reduce postpartum depression by investigating factors that affect depressive disorder during the puerperal period. METHODS: A total of 153 pregnant women were recruited from a university hospital in Gimhae city in Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. RESULTS: Mothers' quality of sleep, breast-feeding confidence, discomfort with breastfeeding, depressive feeling during pregnancy, and baby's feeding capability and growth were significant predictors of postpartum depression. These variables explained 36.1% of the variance in postpartum depression in puerperal women. CONCLUSION: The aforementioned results indicate that puerperal women are less likely to experience postpartum depression when their quality of sleep is higher, breast-feeding confidence is higher, discomfort with breast-feeding is lower, when they did not feel depressed during pregnancy, and when baby's feeding capability and growth is better. Therefore, to decrease puerperal women's depression, a nursing intervention program and a research study to verify the effects of the program are necessary to increase mother's sleep quality and breast-feeding adaptation and prevent depression during pregnancy.

Influência do parto sobre o desmame no puerpério / Childbirth influence towards the weaning during puerperium period / Influencia en el parto destete en el puerpério

Objetivo: Analisar a influência do parto sobre o desmame no puerpério. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal, de caráter quantitativo. A realização do estudo ocorreu em uma maternidade do município de Caxias-Maranhão. Resultados: a maioria das puérperas eram multíparas, que atingiram o número de consultas recomendadas pelo Ministério da Saúde durante pré-natal, pouco mais da metade (55,9%) tiveram parto vaginal e a grande maioria (71,0%) realizaram a amamentação na primeira hora pós-parto, o que tem favorecido a adesão ao AME refletindo positivamente sobre a saúde da mulher e da criança. Conclusão: a identificação dos fatores associados á interrupção do aleitamento materno durante a consulta pré-natal, assim como, no puerpério, decorrentes do tipo de parto, contribui com planejamento de ações e políticas no sentido de melhorar os índices de desmame precoce

Objective: The study's purpose has been to analyze the childbirth influence towards the weaning during puerperium period. Methods: It is an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study was carried out in a maternity hospital from the Caxias city, Maranhão State. Results: The majority of puerperal women were multiparous that reached the number of consultations recommended by the Health Ministry during prenatal care; a little more than half (55.9%) had vaginal delivery and the majority (71.0%) performed the breastfeeding over the first hour postpartum, which has favored adherence to the exclusive breastfeeding, then reflecting positively towards the health of both woman and child. Conclusion: The identification of the factors associated with the interruption of breastfeeding during the prenatal consultation, as well as during the puerperium period due to the type of delivery, contributes with the planning of actions and policies in order to improve the rates of early weaning event

Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de la luz en el destete después del parto. Métodos: Se realizó un corte transversal, de carácter cuantitativo observacional, descriptivo. La conclusión del estudio se llevó a cabo en un hospital de maternidad en la ciudad de Caxias, Marañón. Resultados: La mayoría de las madres eran multíparas, que alcanzó el número de visitas recomendado por el Ministerio de Salud durante el prenatal, poco más de la mitad (55,9%) fueron por vía vaginal y la gran mayoría (71,0%) fueron sometidos la lactancia materna en la primera hora después del parto, lo que ha favorecido unirse a la AME que refleja positivamente en la salud de las mujeres y los niños. Conclusión: La identificación de los factores asociados con el cese de la lactancia materna durante las visitas prenatales, así como en el período post-parto, debido al tipo de parto, ayuda con la planificación de acciones y políticas para mejorar las tasas de destete precoz

Clinical Features of Pregnancy-associated Retinal and Choroidal Diseases Causing Acute Visual Disturbance

PURPOSE: To report clinical features of patients with retinal and choroidal diseases presenting with acute visual disturbance during pregnancy. METHODS: In this retrospective case series, patients who developed acute visual loss during pregnancy (including puerperium) and visited a tertiary hospital from July 2007 to June 2015, were recruited by searching electronic medical records. Patients were categorized according to the cause of visual loss. Clinical features and required diagnostic modalities were analyzed in the retinal and choroidal disease group. RESULTS: Acute visual loss occurred in 147 patients; 49 (38.9%) were classified into the retinal and choroidal group. The diagnoses included central serous chorioretinopathy (22.4%), hypertensive retinopathy with or without pre-eclampsia (22.4%), retinal tear with or without retinal detachment (18.4%), diabetic retinopathy progression (10.2%), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (4.1%), retinal artery occlusion (4.1%), multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (4.1%), and others (14.3%). Visual symptoms first appeared at gestational age 25.9 ± 10.3 weeks. The initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.27 ± 0.39 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR); the final BCVA after delivery improved to 0.13 ± 0.35 logMAR. Serious visual deterioration (BCVA worth than 20 / 200) developed in two patients. Differential diagnoses were established with characteristic fundus and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography findings in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: In pregnant women with acute visual loss, retinal and choroidal diseases are common and could be vision threatening. Physicians should be aware of pregnancy-associated retinal and choroidal diseases and their clinical features. The differential diagnosis can be established with non-invasive techniques.