Efectos de la COVID-19 en la calidad de la atención de los servicios de salud en Colombia: Revisión de literatura / Effects of COVID-19 on the quality of health care services in Colombia: a literature review / Efeitos da covid-19 na qualidade dos serviços de saúde na colômbia: revisão da literatura

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha afectado significativamente la calidad de los servicios de cuidado de la salud. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos en los atributos de la calidad en salud de los servicios de atención de enfermedades diferentes a la COVID-19 en Colombia, durante el periodo 2020-2022. Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron 24 artículos de alcance nacional y otros específicos de departamentos como Antioquia, Córdoba, Santander y Cundinamarca. Resultados: La pandemia por COVID-19 impactó la calidad de los servicios en la atención de enfermedades como cáncer, accidentes cerebrovasculares y de eventos como la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. Conclusión: La calidad de la salud se vio afectada en todas sus dimensiones durante las fases de la pandemia, especialmente en la población con enfermedades crónicas y relacionadas con la salud infantil y materna. Además, se destacaron respuestas como el uso de la telemedicina y de la atención domiciliaria para contribuir a la calidad de la salud en Colombia.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the quality of health care services. Objective: To analyze the effects of COVID-19 on the quality of health care services focused on treating diseases other than COVID-19 in Colombia during the 2020-2022 period. Materials and methods: 24 articles were analyzed, which included some studies focused on national issues and others specific to the departments of Antioquia, Cordoba, Santander, and Cundinamarca. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the quality of health services caring for diseases such as cancer, strokes, and critical circumstances like voluntary termination of pregnancy. Conclusion: All dimensions of health care were affected during the pandemic, especially impacting populations with chronic diseases and diseases related to child and maternal health. It is important to highlight that telemedicine and home care contributed to improving the quality of health in Colombia.

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 afetou significativamente a qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos da COVID-19 nos atributos de qualidade em saúde dos serviços de atenção a outras doenças além da COVID-19 na Colômbia, durante o período 2020-2022. Materiais e métodos: foram analisados 24 artigos de âmbito nacional e outros específicos de departamentos como Antioquia, Córdoba, Santander e Cundinamarca. Resultados: A pandemia da COVID-19 impactou a qualidade dos serviços no cuidado de doenças como câncer, acidente vascular cerebral e eventos como a interrupção voluntária da gravidez. Conclusão: A qualidade da saúde foi afetada em todas as suas dimensões durante as fases da pandemia, especialmente na população com doenças crônicas e doenças relacionadas à saúde infantil e materna. Além disso, foram destacadas respostas como o uso da telemedicina e do atendimento domiciliar para contribuir para a qualidade da saúde na Colômbia.

Internal auditing risk analysis for medical laboratories seeking accreditation through the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS)

Objectives@#The primary aim of this study was to determine quantitatively the extent of coverage of the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS 015) requirements by guidance checklists (HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021). @*Methods@#The level of conformance requirement coverage of HOKLAS 015 by HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021 was calculated by an evaluation checklist based on conformance requirements in HOKLAS 015. A distribution analysis of conformance requirements relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process‑based quality management system model was also performed to elicit further coverage information. @*Results@#HOKLAS 016‑02 was found to provide coverage of 76% while HOKLAS 021 was found to provide coverage of 11%. HOKLAS 015 was also found to have a distribution coverage of 78% relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process‑based quality management system model.@*Conclusion@#The results of this analysis should be of value to medical laboratories wishing to maintain the internal auditability required by HOKLAS 015 by gaining an awareness of the extent of coverage provided by HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021.

Progress in quality management and control of donor organ procurement in foreign countries / 器官移植

Since the 20th century, organ transplantation has become a breakthrough technology to effectively save the lives of patients with end-stage organ failure, which has significantly enhanced the quality of life of patients. Organ donation is an important source of organ transplantation. Improving the quality of donor organ procurement is the key to promote the translation of donor organs and improve the prognosis of organ transplantation recipients. The United States, Spain and other countries have put forward a series of policies and standards in the quality management and control of donor organ procurement and achieved positive results. In this article, related concepts of medical quality management and control, advanced strategies and models of international donor organ procurement quality management, and quality control measures of Organ Procurement Organization, donors and donor organs were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for establishing a quality management and control system of donor organs with "Chinese characteristics" and advancing high-speed and high-quality development of donor organ procurement.

Construction and validation of an instrument for evaluating Lean Healthcare in healthcare institutions / Construcción y validación de un instrumento para evaluar el Lean Healthcare en instituciones de salud / Construção e validação de instrumento para avaliação do Lean Healthcare em instituições de saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate an instrument to evaluate Lean Healthcare in healthcare institutions. Method: Methodological study conducted in three stages: 1) Instrument construction; 2) Content validity using the Delphi technique with 14 experts; and 3) Construct validation using Structural Equation Modeling with sample consisted of 113 professionals with experience in Lean Healthcare. Data collection carried out from October/2020 to January/2021 using a digital form. Data analysis performed with the SmartPLS2.0/M3 software. Results: Items were developed after an integrative review and divided into the dimensions Structure, Process and Outcome, according to Donabedian's theoretical framework. Content validation in two rounds of the Delphi technique. Final instrument, after model adjustment, containing 16 items with Cronbach's alpha of 0.77 in Structure, 0.71 in Process and 0.83 in Outcome. Conclusion: The instrument presented evidence of validity and reliability, enabling its use in healthcare institutions to evaluate Lean Healthcare.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Construir y validar un instrumento para evaluar Lean Healthcare en instituciones de salud. Método: Estudio metodológico realizado en tres etapas: 1) Construcción del instrumento; 2) Validez de contenido mediante técnica Delphi con participación de 14 expertos; 3) Validez de constructo mediante Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales con muestra compuesta por 113 profesionales con experiencia en Lean Healthcare. La recopilación de datos se realizó de octubre/2020 a enero/2021 mediante formulario digital. El análisis de datos se realizó con el software SmartPLS2.0/M3. Resultados: Ítems elaborados después de revisión integradora y divididos en las dimensiones Estructura, Proceso y Resultado, según referencial teórico de Donabedian. Validación de contenido en dos rondas de la técnica Delphi. Instrumento final, después del ajuste del modelo, contiene 16 ítems con alfa de Cronbach 0,77 en Estructura, 0,71 en Proceso y 0,83 en Resultado. Conclusión: El instrumento presentó evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, permitiendo uso para evaluar Lean Healthcare.

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar um instrumento para avaliar o Lean Healthcare nas instituições de saúde. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado em três etapas: 1) Construção do instrumento; 2) Validade de conteúdo pela técnica Delphi com 14 especialistas; e 3) Validade de constructo por Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, em amostra de 113 profissionais com experiência no Lean Healthcare. Coleta de dados realizada de outubro/2020 a janeiro/2021 por formulário digital. Análise de dados realizadas com o software SmartPLS2.0/M3. Resultados: Itens elaborados após revisão integrativa e divididos nas dimensões Estrutura, Processo e Resultado, conforme referencial teórico de Donabedian. Validação de conteúdo em duas rodadas da técnica Delphi. Instrumento final, após ajuste do modelo, contendo 16 itens com alfa de Cronbach de 0,77 em Estrutura, 0,71 em Processo e 0,83 em Resultado. Conclusão: O instrumento apresentou evidências de validade e confiabilidade, permitindo seu uso nas instituições de saúde para avaliar o Lean Healthcare.

Elaboración e implementación de un protocolo para la Hora Dorada de recién nacidos prematuros utilizando ciencia de la implementación / Elaboration and implementation of a protocol for the Golden Hour of premature newborns using an Implementation Science lens / Elaboração e implementação de protocolo para Hora Ouro do recém-nascido prematuro utilizando ciência da implementação

Objetivo: describir el proceso de diseño e implementación de un protocolo de atención para la primera hora de vida del recién nacido prematuro. Método: investigación participativa, que utilizó el marco de la ciencia de la implementación y los dominios del Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Estudio realizado en un hospital escuela del sureste de Brasil, con la participación del equipo multidisciplinario y de los gestores. El estudio se organizó en seis etapas, mediante del ciclo de mejora continua (Plan, Do, Check, Act): diagnóstico situacional; elaboración del protocolo; capacitaciones; implementación del protocolo; relevamiento de barreras y facilitadores; seguimiento y revisión del protocolo. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y análisis de contenido. Resultados: el primer protocolo de la Hora Dorada de la institución fue organizado por el equipo multidisciplinario a partir de un enfoque colectivo y dialógico. El protocolo priorizó la estabilidad cardiorrespiratoria, la prevención de hipotermia, hipoglucemia e infección. Después de cuatro meses de capacitación e implementación, el protocolo fue evaluado como una intervención de calidad, necesaria para el servicio, de bajo costo y de poca complejidad. La principal sugerencia de mejora fue realizar actividades educativas frecuentes. Conclusión: la implementación generó cambios e inició un proceso de mejora de la calidad de la atención neonatal, es necesario que la capacitación sea continua para lograr mayor adherencia y mejores resultados.

Objective: describe the process of designing and implementing a care protocol for the first hour of life of premature newborns. Method: a participatory research study using an implementation science framework, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was employed to determine drivers and facilitators of implementation success of the Golden Hour protocol for newborns at a large university hospital in southeastern Brazil. A multi-professional team, including first line providers and managers participated in six stages of quality improvement: situational diagnosis; protocol elaboration; training protocol implementation; barrier and facilitator assessment; and protocol monitoring and review. Qualitative and monitoring data collected across these six stages were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: the institution's Golden Hour protocol was organized by the multi-professional team based on a collective and dialogical approach. The protocol prioritized the infant's cardiopulmonary stability, as well as prevention of hypothermia, hypoglycemia and infection. After four months of implementation, the care team was evaluated the protocol as a good quality intervention, necessary for the service, low-cost and not very complex. One suggested improvement recommended was to carry out refresher training to address staff turnover. Conclusion: implementation of the Golden Hour protocol introduced an appropriate and feasible neonatal care quality improvement process, which requires periodic refresher training to ensure greater adherence and better neonatal results.

Objetivo: descrever o processo de elaboração e implementação de protocolo assistencial para a primeira hora de vida do recém-nascido prematuro. Método: pesquisa participativa, que utilizou referencial da ciência da implementação e os domínios do Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Estudo realizado em hospital universitário no sudeste do Brasil, com participação da equipe multiprofissional e gestores. O estudo foi organizado em seis etapas, por meio do ciclo de melhoria contínua (Plan, Do, Check, Act): diagnóstico situacional; elaboração do protocolo; treinamentos; implementação do protocolo; levantamento de barreiras e facilitadores; monitoramento e revisão do protocolo. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Resultados: o primeiro protocolo Hora Ouro da instituição foi organizado pela equipe multiprofissional a partir de uma abordagem coletiva e dialógica. O protocolo priorizou a estabilidade cardiorrespiratória, prevenção de hipotermia, de hipoglicemia e de infecção. Após treinamento e implementação por quatro meses, o protocolo foi avaliado como uma intervenção de qualidade, necessária ao serviço, de baixo custo e pouco complexa. A principal sugestão de melhoria foi realizar ações educativas frequentes. Conclusão: a implementação provocou mudanças e iniciou um processo de melhoria da qualidade da assistência neonatal, sendo necessária a manutenção dos treinamentos para maior adesão e melhores resultados.

Protocolos gerenciados por enfermeiros para identificação precoce da sepse: revisão de escopo / Nurse-managed protocols for early identification of sepsis: a scoping review / Protocolos administrados por enfermeros para la identificación temprana de la sepsis: revisión del alcance

Objetivo: mapear os protocolos assistenciais utilizados por enfermeiros para identificação precoce da sepse no ambiente hospitalar. Método: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo ancorada nas recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute, desenvolvida em sete bases de dados. A busca e seleção ocorreu em 17 de julho de 2021, utilizando os descritores: sepse, protocolos de enfermagem, avaliação de enfermagem e cuidados de enfermagem. Resultados: a amostra foi composta de seis estudos, destacaram-se os protocolos implementados por projetos de melhoria de qualidade e utilização sistemas eletrônicos de alerta para deterioração clínica. Conclusão: protocolos assistenciais impulsionam a aderência dos profissionais às recomendações oficiais para o manejo da sepse no ambiente hospitalar e o desenvolvimento de cuidados de enfermagem baseados em evidências, contribuindo para melhorar os indicadores de qualidade e reduzir a mortalidade entre pacientes com sepse(AU)

Objective: to map the care protocols used by nurses for the early identification of sepsis in the hospital environment. Method: this is a scope review anchored in the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, developed in seven databases. The search and selection took place on July 17, 2021, using the descriptors: sepsis, nursing protocols, nursing assessment and nursing care. Results: the sample consisted of six studies, highlighting the protocols implemented by quality improvement projects and the use of electronic warning systems for clinical deterioration. Conclusion: care protocols boost professionals' adherence to official recommendations for the management of sepsis in the hospital environment and the development of evidence-based nursing care, contributing to improve quality indicators and reduce mortality among patients with sepsis(AU)

Objetivo: mapear los protocolos de atención utilizados por las enfermeras para identificar de forma temprana la sepsis en el ambiente hospitalario. Método: se trata de una revisión de alcance anclada en las recomendaciones del Instituto Joanna Briggs, desarrollada en siete bases de datos. La búsqueda y selección se realizó el 17 de julio de 2021, utilizando los descriptores: sepsis, protocolos de enfermería, evaluación de enfermería y cuidados de enfermería. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por seis estudios, se destacaron los protocolos implementados por los proyectos de mejora de la calidad y utilización de sistemas electrónicos de alerta con respecto al deterioro clínico. Conclusión: los protocolos asistenciales impulsan la adherencia de los profesionales a las recomendaciones oficiales para el manejo de la sepsis en el ámbito hospitalario y el desarrollo de cuidados de enfermería basados en evidencias, contribuyendo a mejorar los indicadores de calidad y reducir la mortalidad entre los pacientes con sepsis(AU)

Evaluación de la gestión de calidad en la red de bibliotecas médicas de Villa Clara / Evaluation of quality management in Villa Clara medical library network

La calidad es una exigencia vigente a nivel mundial en el área de la educación, a su vez constituye un indicador fundamental para las instituciones educativas, sujetas a proporcionar un servicio de excelencia. Por ello resulta necesario evaluar la gestión de calidad en las bibliotecas médicas de Villa Clara, de manera tal que se contribuya al mejoramiento de su funcionamiento y lograr un mayor nivel de satisfacción de las necesidades informativas de sus usuarios. Se tomaron como referentes teóricos el modelo de evaluación de bibliotecas universitarias cubanas, y los documentos normativos y teórico-metodológicos del Centro Nacional de Información sobre la temática.

Quality is a worldwide requirement in the education area, and at the same time it is a fundamental indicator for educational institutions which are subjected to provide a service of excellence. For this reason, evaluating the quality management of medical libraries in Villa Clara is a necessity, in order to contribute to the improvement of their functioning and to achieve a higher level of satisfaction of their users' information needs. The evaluation model for Cuban university libraries and the normative, theoretical and methodological documents of the National Information Center of Medical Sciences regarding this subject were taken as theoretical references.

Fundamentos teóricos para un sistema de gestión de la calidad en el Laboratorio Provincial de Biología Molecular

El establecimiento de un sistema de gestión de la calidad es obligatorio para algunas instituciones de salud, entre las que se encuentra el Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, esto queda explícito en la Regulación D 03-21, que plantea la obligatoriedad de su cumplimiento para los laboratorios clínicos que se basan en técnicas de biología molecular. El objetivo del presente texto es exponer los presupuestos teóricos que sustentan un estudio sobre la gestión de la calidad en el mencionado laboratorio. Se realiza una revisión documental a partir de artículos publicados en el período comprendido de 2012-2022. Del total de las fuentes consultadas en las plataformas de acceso a bases de datos de la red de información de la salud cubana Infomed: PubMed, Scopus, SciELo, Redalyc, y Dialnet, se seleccionaron 33 para la revisión al considerar que abordaban el tema con mayor profundidad. La adopción de un sistema de gestión de la calidad garantiza y gestiona el alto nivel de los servicios, aumenta la satisfacción del cliente y el prestigio de la organización.

The establishment of a quality management system is mandatory for some health institutions, among which is the Molecular Biology Laboratory. This is explicit in Regulation D 03-21, which makes compliance mandatory for laboratories. clinical trials that are based on molecular biology techniques. The objective of this text is to present the theoretical assumptions that support a study on quality management in the aforementioned laboratory. A documentary review is carried out based on articles published in the period from 2012-2022. Of the total sources consulted on the database access platforms of the cuban health information network Infomed: PubMed, Scopus, SciELo, Redalyc, and Dialnet, 33 were selected for the review considering that they addressed the topic with greater depth. The adoption of a quality management system guarantees and manages the high level of services, increases customer satisfaction and the prestige of the organization.

El valor de estar acreditados / The value of accreditation

Los laboratorios clínicos desempeñan un papel cada vez más central en el proceso de atención siendo líderes en el campo de la gestión de la calidad de la salud. Desde hace algunos años hay un creciente interés en la mejora de la calidad de aquellas actividades que tienen un alto impacto en la seguridad del paciente. En este contexto la acreditación constituye un recurso estratégico para garantizar un sistema de calidad. En el año 2020 el laboratorio obtiene la acreditación por norma IRAM ISO 15189, siendo el segundo laboratorio público acreditado por un estándar internacional en el país y el primero de un Hospital Pediátrico. Con un alcance inicial que involucra a las áreas de Química, Hematología, Serología, Endocrinología y Biología Molecular, continuamos trabajando para sostener y ampliar este alcance incluyendo entre otras, el área de Microbiología. Nuestra fortaleza más grande: el trabajo en equipo (AU)

Clinical laboratories play an increasingly central role in the care process and are leaders in the field of healthcare quality management. For some years now there has been a growing interest in improving the quality of those activities that have a high impact on patient safety. In this context, accreditation is a strategic resource to warrant the quality of the system. In 2020 the laboratory was granted accreditation by IRAM ISO 15189, being the second public laboratory accredited by an international standard in the country and the first in a pediatric hospital. With an initial coverage involving the areas of Chemistry, Hematology, Serology, Endocrinology, and Molecular Biology, we continue working to sustain and expand this coverage to include, among others, the area of Microbiology. Our greatest strength: teamwork (AU)

Gestión de calidad en equipos de gases en sangre POCT. Expandiendo las fronteras del laboratorio / Quality management in POCT blood gas equipment. Expanding the frontiers of the laboratory

La realización de pruebas de laboratorio en el lugar de atención del paciente (POCT) de equipos de gases en sangre representa un desafío continuo tanto para los usuarios como para el laboratorio. La vulnerabilidad al error y la amenaza del riesgo que rodea esta forma de trabajo obliga a establecer un sistema de trabajo robusto para la obtención de un "resultado confiable" cerca del paciente crítico. La formación de un grupo interdisciplinario, la capacitación de usuarios externos al laboratorio, el aseguramiento de la calidad analítica y la conectividad, son los cuatro pilares sobre los cuales se sostiene el éxito de esta nueva era de laboratorio clínico. Además es necesaria la reinvención de la imagen bioquímica, asumiendo un rol de líder, comunicador, asesor e integrado al sistema de salud (AU)

Point of care laboratory testing (POCT) with blood gas equipment is an ongoing challenge for both the users and the laboratory. The vulnerability to error and the threat of risk that surrounds this way of working necessitates the establishment of a robust working system to obtain "reliable results" for the critically ill patient. The creation of an interdisciplinary group, the training of external users, analytical quality assurance, and connectivity are the four pillars on which the success of this new era of clinical laboratories is based. It is also necessary to reinvent the biochemical image, assuming the role of leader, communicator, and advisor integrated into the health system (AU)

Patient satisfaction in ambulatory anesthesia assessed by the Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: Service quality in anesthesiology has been frequently measured by morbidity and mortality. This measure increasingly considers patient satisfaction, which is the result of care from the client's perspective. Therefore, anesthesiologists must be able to build relationships with patients, provide understandable information and involve them in decisions about their anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the peri-anesthetic care provided by the anesthesia service in an ambulatory surgery unit using the Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire to evaluate 1211 patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. We selected questions that showed a greater degree of dissatisfaction and correlated them with patient characterization data (age, sex, education, and ASA physical status), anesthesia data (type, time, and prior experience), and surgical specialty. Results: Questions in which patients tended to show dissatisfaction involved fear of anesthesia and surgery, feeling cold, the urgent need to urinate, pain at the surgical site, and the team's level of concern and speed of response in relieving the patient's pain. Conclusion: The Heidelberg Peri-anaesthetic Questionnaire proved to be a useful tool in identifying points of dissatisfaction, mainly fear of anesthesia and surgery, feeling cold, the urgent need to urinate, pain at the surgical site, and the team's level of concern and speed of response in relieving the patient's pain in the population studied. These were correlated with patient, anesthesia, and surgical variables. This allows the establishment of priorities at the different points of care, with the ultimate goal of improving patient satisfaction regarding anesthesia care.

Análise do fluxo de valor no processo de alta de uma unidade de terapia intensiva / Analysis of the value stream of the intensive care unit discharge process / Análisis de flujo de valor en el proceso de alta de una unidad de cuidados intensivos

Objetivo: Realizar o mapeamento do fluxo de valor, propondo melhorias no processo de alta da unidade de terapia intensiva para unidade de internação. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, prospectivo e exploratório que comparou o mesmo processo pré e pósintervenção. Utilizou-se a ferramenta de mapeamento de fluxo de valor em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital de grande porte localizado na cidade de São Paulo com a proposta de identificar pontos críticos e propor ações melhoria. Resultados: A equipe assistencial da unidade realizou o mapeamento do fluxo de valor inicial, identificando oportunidades de melhoria como a implantação de ações de mudanças de fluxos, treinamento e revisão de tarefas. Com a elaboração do mapa de fluxo de valor atual, pode destacar uma redução no tempo da alta da unidade de terapia intensiva em 97 minutos, o que representou aproximadamente 26,7% do tempo total. Conclusão: A utilização da ferramenta Mapa de Fluxo de Valor teve implicações positivas para a gestão por processos pela possibilidade da visão sistêmica de todas as etapas, identificação de oportunidades e melhoria prática assistencial. (AU)

Objective: To realize the value stream mapping proposing improvements of the intensive care unit discharge process. Methods: A descriptive, prospective and exploratory study that compared two moments of a process. The value stream mapping tool was used in an intensive care unit of a hospital located in the city of São Paulo with the purpose of identifying critical points and proposing improvement actions. Results: The unit's care team carried out the mapping of the initial value flow, identifying opportunities for improvement such as the implementation of actions to change flows, training and task review. With the elaboration of the current value flow map, a reduction in the time of discharge from the intensive care unit of 97 minutes can be highlighted, which represented approximately 26.7% of the total time. Conclusion: The use of the Value Stream Map tool had positive implications for process management due to the possibility of a systemic view of all stages, identification of opportunities and improvement in care practice. (AU)

Objetivo: Realizar el mapeo de la cadena de proponiendo mejoras en el proceso de alta de la unidad de cuidados intensivos a la unidad de hospitalización. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y exploratorio que comparó el mismo proceso pre y posintervención. La herramienta de mapeo de la cadena de valor se utilizó en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de un gran hospital ubicado en la ciudad de São Paulo con el propósito de identificar puntos críticos y proponer acciones de mejora. Resultados: El equipo de atención de la unidad realizó el mapeo del flujo de valor inicial, identificando oportunidades de mejora como la implementación de acciones de cambio de flujos, capacitación y revisión de tareas. Con la elaboración del mapa de flujo de valor actual, se puede resaltar una reducción en el tiempo de alta de la unidad de cuidados intensivos de 97 minutos, lo que representó aproximadamente el 26,7% del tiempo total. Conclusión: El uso de la herramienta para mapear el flujo tiene implicaciones positivas para la gestión de procesos debido a la posibilidad de una visión sistémica de todas las etapas, identificación de oportunidades y mejora en la práctica asistencial. (AU)

Estructuración y aplicación de la norma UNE 66177 para la integración de las normas ISO 9001 e ISO 45001 en estaciones de servicio de gasolina en Boyacá (Colombia) / Structuring and Application of the UNE 66177 standard for Integration of ISO 9001 and ISO 45001 in Boyacá - Colombia Gasoline Service Stations / Estruturação e aplicação da norma UNE 66177 para a integração das normas ISSO 9001 e ISSO 45001 em postos de gasolina em Boyacá (Colômbia)

Introducción: Las estaciones de servicio de gasolina actualmente tienen dificultad en certificar sus procesos de funcionamiento ante los entes correspondientes; por tal motivo, surgió el interés de cumplir con estándares inter-nacionales mediante la aplicación integral de dos normas técnicas colombianas, como lo son la ISO 9001:2015 y la ISO 45001:2018. Objetivo: Diseñar y aplicar un modelo integrado de gestión de la calidad y seguridad y salud en el trabajo bajo los requisitos de las normas técnicas colombianas ISO 9001 e ISO 45001 para las estaciones de servicio de gasolina de Boyacá, con aplicación en una empresa piloto. Metodología: Se desarrolló en tres fases. Inicialmente, se diagnosticaron las condiciones actuales de las estaciones de servicio de gasolina; posteriormente, se diseñó un modelo de integración bajo las normas objeto de estudio, y, por último, se aplicó dicho modelo a la empresa piloto. Resultados: Se obtuvo el diseño de un sistema de gestión integral basado en calidad, seguridad y salud en el trabajo mediante la aplicación de dos normas técnicas como lo son la ISO 9001:2015 e ISO 45001:2018, respec-tivamente. Conclusiones: Este sistema integrado de gestión es el primer paso para que las estaciones de servicio de gasolina puedan ofrecer calidad en la venta de combustible, alineado con las exigencias normativas expuestas en la Resolu-ción 0312 de 2019, y para cumplir los requisitos técnicos de la Resolución 40405 de 2020

Introduction: Gasoline service stations currently have difficulty certifying their operating processes by corresponding entities, for this reason there is an interest in complying these standards through the comprehensive application of two technical standards such as ISO 9001: 2015 and ISO 45001:2018. Objective: Design and apply an integrated model of quality management and occupational health and safety, under requirements of the Colombian technical standard ISO 9001 and ISO 45001 for ga-soline service stations in Boyacá, with a pilot company.Methodology: It was developed in three phases, initially it was discovered in the current conditions of gasoline service stations, later an integration model was started under the standards and finally the model was applied to the pilot Company. Results: The design of a comprehensive management system based on quality, safety and health at work was obtained through the application of two technical standards such as ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018 respectively. Conclusions: An integrated management system based on ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018 stan-dards was designed, which is the first step to gasoline service stations can offer quality in the sale of fuel aligned with the regulatory requirements in resolution 0312 of 2019 and to meet the technical requirements of resolution 40405 of 2020

Introdução: Atualmente, os postos de gasolina têm dificuldade para certificar seus processos ope-racionais perante as entidades correspondentes; por esse motivo, surgiu o interesse em cumprir as normas internacionais por meio da aplicação integral de duas normas técnicas colombianas, como a ISSO 9001:2015 e a ISSO 45001:2018. Objetivo: projetar e implementar um modelo integrado de gestão de qualidade e saúde e segurança ocupacional de acordo com os requisitos das normas técnicas colombianas ISO 9001 e ISO 45001 para postos de gasolina em Boyacá, com aplicação em uma empresa piloto. Metodologia: foi desenvolvida em três fases. Inicialmente, foram diagnosticadas as condições atuais dos postos de gasolina; em seguida, foi projetado um modelo de integração de acordo com os padrões em estudo e, por fim, o modelo foi aplicado à empresa piloto. Resultados: o projeto de um sistema de gestão integrado baseado em qualidade, segurança e saúde no trabalho foi obtido por meio da aplicação de duas normas técnicas, como a ISO 9001:2015 e a ISO 45001:2018, respectivamente. Conclusões: Esse sistema de gerenciamento integrado é o primeiro passo para que os postos de combustíveis ofereçam qualidade na venda de combustíveis, alinhados com os requisitos regulatórios estabelecidos na Resolução 0312 de 2019, e atendam aos requisitos técnicos da Resolução 40405 de 2020

Gestión de calidad como herramienta en la evaluación del desempeño organizacional en la universidad médica / Quality management as a tool in the evaluation of organizational performance in the medical university

Fundamento: en el contexto de las instituciones de educación superior, el desempeño organizacional cobra relevancia debido al papel fundamental que estas organizaciones tienen en la formación de capital humano. Su vínculo con la calidad subyace en el mejoramiento organizacional, científico e intelectual. Objetivo: fundamentar la aplicación de herramientas derivadas de los sistemas de gestión de calidad en la evaluación del desempeño organizacional desde el componente científico-investigativo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas, en el periodo 2018-2020. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos para la fundamentación de la investigación, y empíricos: revisión documental de informes de trabajo y el análisis de indicadores de desempeño organizacional. Resultados: el diagnóstico reveló no conformidades asociadas a la eficiencia y eficacia de los procesos académicos, el trabajo científico-metodológico, y los mecanismos de análisis, medición y mejora del funcionamiento del componente científico-investigativo. Consecuentemente se puntualizaron como oportunidades de investigación, el diseño de instrumentos para evaluar el desempeño con la integración de herramientas como las auditorías y los costos de calidad. Conclusiones: el estudio reveló la oportunidad y valor científico de abordar la gestión del desempeño científico-investigativo de la universidad médica, basado en herramientas de gestión de la calidad.

Background: in the context of higher education institutions, organizational performance becomes relevant due to the fundamental role that these organizations have in the formation of human capital. Its link with quality underlies organizational, scientific and intellectual improvement. Objective: to base the application of tools derived from quality management systems in the evaluation of organizational performance from the scientific-researcing component. Methods: a descriptive study was carried out at Matanzas University of Medical Sciences, from 2018 to 2020. Theoretical methods were applied for the foundation of the investigation, and empirical ones: documentary review of work reports and the analysis of organizational performance indicators. Results: the diagnosis revealed non-conformities associated with the efficiency and effectiveness of the academic processes, the scientific-methodological work, and the mechanisms for analysis, measurement, and improvement of the functioning of the scientific-researching component. Consequently, the design of instruments to evaluate performance with the integration of tools such as audits and quality costs were pointed out as research opportunities. Conclusions: the study revealed the opportunity and scientific value of addressing the scientific-researching performance management of the medical university, based on quality management tools.

Applying Lean Healthcare in the hospitalization and patient discharge process: an integrative review / La aplicación de Lean Healthcare en el proceso de hospitalización y alta del paciente: revisión integrativa / A aplicação do Lean Healthcare no processo de hospitalização e alta do paciente: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify scientific evidence regarding the use of Lean Healthcare approach in the hospitalization and patient discharge process. Methods: this is an Integrative Review conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Results: out of 904 records identified, three were included in this review. The studies demonstrated that when applied to discharge planning, the Lean philosophy brings favorable results, promoting improvements in the communication process, as well as assisting in workflow organization, with a reduction in length of stay and improvement in the quality of care. Final Considerations: although the Lean methodology presents positive results, it is considered that the application of the philosophy in healthcare institutions is still not sustainable, as it is often restricted to specific departments or services. Thus, to maximize the success of implementation, the Lean philosophy needs to be incorporated into the organizational culture, representing the greatest challenge.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar evidencia científica sobre el uso del enfoque Lean Healthcare en el proceso de hospitalización y alta del paciente. Métodos: se realizó una revisión integrativa en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science y Embase. Resultados: de los 904 registros identificados, se incluyeron tres en esta revisión. Los estudios demostraron que, cuando se aplica en la planificación del alta, la filosofía Lean produce resultados favorables al mejorar la comunicación y ayudar a organizar el flujo de trabajo, reducir el tiempo de estancia y mejorar la calidad de la atención. Consideraciones Finales: aunque la metodología Lean muestra resultados positivos, su aplicación en las instituciones de salud no es sostenible, ya que a menudo se limita a algunos departamentos o servicios. Por lo tanto, para maximizar el éxito de la implementación, la filosofía Lean debe ser incorporada a la cultura organizacional, lo que representa el mayor desafio.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar evidências científicas acerca da utilização do Lean Healthcare no processo de hospitalização e de alta do paciente. Métodos: trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science e Embase. Resultados: dos 904 registros identificados, três foram incluídos nesta revisão. Os estudos demonstraram que, quando aplicada ao planejamento de alta, a filosofia Lean traz resultados favoráveis, promovendo melhorias no processo de comunicação, além de auxiliar na organização do fluxo de trabalho, com redução do tempo de permanência e melhoria na qualidade do cuidado. Considerações Finais: apesar da metodologia Lean apresentar resultados positivos, considera-se que sua aplicação nas instituições de saúde não é sustentável, uma vez que, na maioria das vezes, se restringe apenas a alguns setores e/ou serviços. Assim, para maximizar o sucesso da implementação, a filosofia Lean precisa ser incorporada à cultura organizacional, representando o maior desafio.

Evaluation and improvement of blood station quality management system: based on external audit / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To identify the main unqualified items in the external audit of blood station quality management system (referred to as external audit), in order to take necessary measures to continuously improve the quality system. 【Methods】 Unqualified items(data) in the national and Shandong provincial blood safety technical audits (referred to as national and provincial audits) and four blood station blood safety technical joint audits (referred to as inter station mutual audits) from 2017 to 2019 were collected and analyzed by Excel and Pareto curves (graphs). Corresponding corrective and preventive measures were developed and implemented, and then tracked and evaluated by the quality management department three months after the external audit to verify their effectiveness. 【Results】 In a total of 7 external audits of blood station quality management system that our blood station has participated in over the past 3 years (including 2 national audits, 2 provincial audits, and 3 inter station mutual audits), the main unqualified terms were "12 monitoring and continuous improvement" 11.90% (15/126), "13 blood donation services" 11.90% (15/126), "06 equipment" 10.32% (13/126), "11 records" 10.32% (13/126), "03 organization and personnel" 8.73% (11/126), "15 blood preparation" 7.94% (10/126), "08 safety and health" 7.14% (9/126), and "14 blood testing" 7.14% (9/126). Among them, "monitoring and continuous improvement" ranked first in two national audits and two provincial audits, with 16.67% (5/30) and 14.71% (5/34), respectively, and was 8.06% (5/62) in inter station mutual audit, and the difference between the three kinds of audits was not statistically significant (P>0.05). "Records" accounted the highest proportion in inter station mutual review of 19.35% (12/62), while was respectively 0 and 2.94% (1/34) in national and provincial audits, with statistically significant difference between the three kinds of audits (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 External audit against unqualified items is important for quality improvement. By analyzing the unqualified terms, taking corresponding measures to improve weak links, and evaluating the effectiveness of those measures, it can effectively ensure the effective operation of blood station quality management system.

Optimization of quality assessment system of clinical blood transfusion records / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To determine the value of quality assessment system in supervising standard clinical blood use and improving the quality of clinical blood transfusion medical records. 【Methods】 The clinical blood transfusion records of Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medical every quarter from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected and extracted for evaluation by 5% to 10% for the current season. These blood transfusion medical records were scored and graded A(≥90 points)/B(80-89 points)/C(<80 points)according to the Evaluation Table of Clinical Science Rational Use of Blood in Children′s Hospital of Zhejiang University, and the annual A rate was statistically analyzed. After summarizing the deduction points, a rectification plan was submitted to the medical department and publicized on the hospital network. 【Results】 A total of 1 975 blood transfusion medical records were analyzed from January 2019 to December 2022, including 343 in 2019 (17.37%), 517 in 2020 (26.18%), 556 in 2021 (28.15%) and 559 in 2022 (28.30%), with Grade A rates at 67.06%, 92.07%, 93.17% and 91.06%, respectively. According to Pearson Chi-square test, the Grade A rates of blood transfusion records in 2020, 2021 and 2022 were significantly higher than those in 2019 (P<0.000 1). In the assessment, the main reasons for deduction of points were missed pre-transfusion immunization tests and missed blood transfusion course records. From 2019 to 2022, the missed rates of pre-transfusion immunization tests were 22.68%, 6.47%, 1.26% and 2.49%, and the missed rates of blood transfusion course records were 32.21%, 10.59%, 5.57% and 6.61%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The regular and reasonable assessment and publicity system of blood transfusion medical records is conducive to improving the quality of blood transfusion medical records, promoting rational blood use and ensuring the safety of blood use for children.

Clinical blood transfusion quality management in Shanghai / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the data of clinical blood transfusion quality control supervision in Shanghai, so as to provide reference for the improvement of clinical blood transfusion quality management in hospitals at all levels. 【Methods】 The data of clinical blood transfusion quality control supervision in hospitals at all levels from 2016 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed to obtain the characteristics and indicators in the quality management. 【Results】 The overall level of clinical blood transfusion quality management in Shanghai steadily improved from 2016 to 2021 (F=3.82, P<0.01), and the management level of different hospitals varied significantly (F=9.00, P<0.01). In 2021, the full compliance rates of housing facilities, instruments and equipment, diagnostic reports and medical record writing among the third-level indicators of clinical blood transfusion quality management in hospitals at all levels were as follows: 86.49%(32/37), 100% (37/37)and 43.24%(16/37) for tertiary comprehensive hospitals; 61.11%(11/18), 88.89%(16/18) and 50.00% (9/18)for tertiary specialized hospitals; 60.87%(14/23), 78.26%(18/23)and 47.83%(11/23) for secondary comprehensive hospitals, ; 60.00%(9/15), 66.67%(10/15), 40.00%(6/15) for secondary specialized hospitals; 52.38%(11/21), 38.10%(8/21), 42.86%(9/21) for private hospitals. 【Conclusion】 The characteristics of clinical blood transfusion quality management in hospitals at all levels in Shanghai differed significantly, with different strengths and weaknesses. Hospitals should improve blood transfusion management in terms of housing facilities, personnel management, system process as well as diagnostic reports and medical record writing, in order to enhance the clinical blood transfusion quality management.

Quality management and indicator system for clinical trials of medical devices / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: Exploring medical device clinical trial quality management indicator system to continuously improve medical device clinical trial quality system construction. METHODS: Through literature research and Delphi method, we summarized the risks of medical device clinical trials in various aspects such as quality management, clinical trial data, and clinical trial research personnel construction, analyzed the risks and proposed a clinical trial quality management index system, as well as corresponding quality improvement measures. RESULTS: To establish an appropriate medical device clinical trial quality evaluation management tool for quality risk monitoring and management, and to support and help the construction of a medical device clinical trial quality management system. CONCLUSION: To identify risks in various aspects of clinical trials and establish a preliminary assessment index system to provide a reference for the evaluation of the effectiveness of clinical trial quality management.

Analyzing the influencing factors of quality control assessment of pure tone audiometry among noise exposed personnel in Guangzhou City from 2021 to 2022 / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To explore the status of quality control assessment of pure tone audiometry (PTA) and to analyze its influencing factors in occupational medical examination (OME) institutions in Guangzhou City. {L-End}Methods A total of 41 OME institutions in Guangzhou City were selected as the research subjects from 2021 to 2022 using random sampling method, and its status of on-site quality and PTA quality for individuals exposed to noise were assessed. {L-End}Results A total of 205 rectification items were identified among the 41 OME institutions from 2021 to 2022. Among them, 19, 28, 30, and 28 OME institutions did not meet the requirements of organizational structure, quality management system, quality control of OME, and health examination information reporting, respectively. A total of 1 095 OME reports for individuals exposed to noise were assessed, with 820 reports having correct results and conclusions, resulting in an accuracy rate of 74.9%. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that OME institutions without meeting the requirements for the quality management system had a higher risk of failing the PTA quality control assessment and having inaccurate hearing test results compared with those meeting the requirements (all P<0.05). OME institutions with a filing period less than one year had a higher risk of having inaccurate hearing test results than those with a filing period of one year or more (P<0.05). OME institutions not meeting the requirements for quality control of OME had a higher risk of having abnormal OME conclusions than those meeting the requirements (P<0.05). OME institutions not meeting the requirements for health examination information reporting had a higher risk of having abnormal conclusions in suspected occupational disease than those meeting the requirements (P<0.05). OME institutions not meeting the requirements for the quality management system had a higher risk of having abnormal conclusions of occupational contraindications than those meeting the requirements (P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion The quality of PTA in OME institutions in Guangzhou City needs to be improved. And a well-established quality management system for OME is beneficial for improving the quality of PTA.