RESUMEN
Objective To observe the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin injection (RHEI) assisted with mild hypothermia on the clinical efficacy and safety of children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods From January 2015 to December 2017, 110 children with HIE were treated in Shijiazhuang No.1 Hospital. Fifty-five children with routine treatment were taken as Western medicine routine treatment group. In addition, 55 children treated with mild hypothermia combined with RHEI were taken as mild hypothermia+RHEI group. Both groups were treated for 14 days and followed up for 10 months. The neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) score, mental development index (MDI), psychomotor development index (PDI), myelin basic protein (MBP), S100B protein and neuron specific enolization enzyme (NSE), nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH), and differences in clinical efficacy in two groups were compared, and the occurrence of adverse reactions was observed. Results The NBNA, MDI, PDI, NGF (μg/L), BDNF (ng/L), IGF-1 (pg/L), and GH (pg/L) of two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment (the Western medicine routine treatment group: 33.72±3.19 vs. 26.81±2.38, 78.95±5.51 vs. 71.39±4.24, 79.62±4.93 vs. 71.84±4.15, 123.74±22.98 vs. 104.29±15.36, 1 518.35±174.92 vs. 1 197.28±148.43, 38.25±4.96 vs. 23.16±2.87, 39.27±5.24 vs. 20.97±3.15; the mild hypothermia+RHEI group: 39.82±3.36 vs. 26.78±2.53, 84.13±6.29 vs. 71.34±4.27, 85.26±5.74 vs. 71.88±4.13, 145.28±27.52 vs. 104.72±15.41, 1 925.71±204.37 vs. 1 192.61±150.26, 57.94±6.62 vs. 23.13±2.91, 56.43±7.14 vs. 20.94±3.17), NSE (μg/L), MBP (μg/L) and S100B (μg/L) were lower than those before treatment (the Western medicine routine treatment group: 17.05±2.26 vs. 24.96±2.83, 9.71±1.85 vs. 23.14±3.37, 0.93±0.12 vs. 1.49±0.24; the mild hypothermia+RHEI group:12.48±1.94 vs. 25.03±2.81, 5.48±1.42 vs. 23.17±3.35, 0.61±0.07 vs. 1.51±0.25). After treatment, the changes of each index in the mild hypothermia+RHEI group were more significant than those in the control group [NABA:39.82±3.36 vs. 33.72±3.19, MDI: 84.13±6.29 vs. 78.95±5.51, PDI: 85.26±5.74 vs. 79.62±4.93, NSE (μg/L):12.48±1.94 vs. 17.05±2.26, MBP (μg/L): 5.48±1.42 vs. 9.71±1.85, S100B (μg/L): 0.61±0.07 vs. 0.93±0.12, NGF (μg/L): 145.28±27.52 vs. 123.74±22.98, BDNF (ng/L): 1 925.71±204.37 vs. 1 518.35±174.92, IGF-1 (pg/L):57.94±6.62 vs. 38.25±4.96, GH (pg/L): 56.43±7.14 vs. 39.27±5.24, all P < 0.05]. The total effective rate of mild hypothermia+RHEI group was significantly higher than that of Western medicine routine treatment group [94.55% (52/55) vs. 81.82% (45/55), P < 0.05]. There were no serious adverse reactions in the two groups. Conclusion RHEI assisted with mild hypothermia therapy can significantly improve the clinical efficacy and NBNA, MDI, PDI scores of HIE children, reduce the degree of brain injury, and improve the neurological function, with good safety.