Validación de un modelo para la estimación del contenido de agua del suelo mediante espectroscopía en el infrarrojo cercano

El monitoreo del contenido de humedad en el suelo es especialmente importante, ya que proporciona información relevante para tomar decisiones acertadas, en cuanto a riego, fertirriego y manejo del estrés hídrico. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo validar un modelo de estimación del contenido de agua en el suelo, mediante espectroscopía de reflectancia difusa en el rango del infrarrojo cercano. Los suelos evaluados provienen de los municipios de Puerto Gaitán (Meta), Espinal (Tolima) y Mosquera (Cundinamarca). En los dos primeros se establecieron redes rígidas, para seleccionar los puntos de muestreo y empleando dos profundidades en cada caso (0-10 y 10-30; 0-10 y 10-25 cm, respectivamente). Para el tercero, se describieron 77 calicatas y se tomaron muestras a 0-10 y 10-35 cm de profundidad. Posteriormente, se evaluó el contenido de humedad considerando 0, 15 y 30 % de humedad. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva. Se empleó la validación cruzada y externa para cada modelo y se obtuvo un modelo general, a partir de los datos de los tres sitios. Los modelos obtenidos para cada sitio de muestreo y el modelo general tienen buena capacidad predictiva. Según los resultados, se afirma que la espectroscopía de reflectancia difusa NIR es una excelente opción para determinar el contenido de agua en el suelo. De igual manera, a partir del análisis de componentes principales, se identificó una diferenciación entre contenidos de agua de los suelos estudiados.

Monitoring soil moisture content is especially important as it provides relevant information for making informed decisions regarding irrigation, fertigation, and water stress management. This study aims to validate a model for estimating soil water content using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the near-infrared range. The evaluated soils come from the municipalities of Puerto Gaitán (Meta), Espinal (Tolima), and Mosquera (Cundinamarca). In the first two municipalities, rigid networks were established to select sampling points, with two depths considered for each case (0-10 and 10-30 cm; 0-10 and 10-25 cm, respectively). For the third municipality, 77 soil pits were described, and samples were taken at depths of 0-10 and 10-35 cm. Subsequently, moisture content was evaluated at 0, 15, and 30 % moisture levels. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Cross-validation and external validation were applied to each model, and a general model was developed based on the data from all three sites. The obtained models for each sampling site and the general model demonstrated good predictive capacity. Based on the results, it is affirmed that near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is an excellent option for determining soil water content. Similarly, principal component analysis identified differentiation between water contents of the studied soils.

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of 69 cases of occupational melanosis / 中国职业医学

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with occupational melanosis. Methods Diagnostic data of 69 patients with occupational melanosis was analyzed using retrospective analysis. Results The main occupational hazards for the 69 patients with occupational melanosis were coal tar, petroleum and its fractionated products, pigments and dyes and their intermediates, rubber additives and rubber products. The median length of occupational exposure and disease latency were 8.0 and 6.0 years, respectively, with a highly positive correlation between them (Spearman correlation coefficients=0.962, P<0.01). Skin lesions were mainly found on exposed areas such as the face-to-neck and limbs, prevalence of 94.2% and 75.4% respectively. And 78.3% of patients had skin lesion on more than two sites. The lesions were mostly in the form of irregular flakes (59.4%), with a gray-black color (44.9%). About 43.5% of patients experienced skin itching. Complete blood count, liver function, and kidney function were all within normal ranges. Skin biopsy results showed that epidermal hyperkeratosis, thinning of the spinous layer, liquefaction degeneration of basal cells, increased superficial dermal melanocytes, and infiltration of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and melanocytes around the blood vessels. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) detection showed focal liquefaction degeneration of basal cells in the lesions, with a significant infiltration of melanocytes and inflammatory cells in the dermal papillae and superficial layers. Conclusion The primary target organ of occupational melanocytes is the skin, and no damage to other organs was identified thus far. Results from skin biopsies and RCM examinations can be used for differential diagnosis.

Diagnostic study of actinic cheilitis by reflectance confocal microscopy / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To explore the clinical application value of reflectance confocal microscopy(RCM) in the diagnosis of actinic cheilitis(AC).@*Methods@#After approval by the hospital ethics committee and informed consent given by the patients, from October 2020 to July 2022, 17 patients who were diagnosed with actinic cheilitis in the Ninth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed. The white keratotic lesions of the lips were scanned with reflectance confocal microscopy, and the image characteristics were summarized and analyzed, including epithelial hyperplasia/atrophy, hyperkeratosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, blood vessel dilatation, solar elastosis, atypical keratinocytes, widening of intercellular spaces, degeneration of basal cell layer, and pigmentation. We used the sample compliance rate to measure the correlation between RCM parameters and histopathological diagnostic criteria for AC and kappa concordance analysis to calculate the concordance between RCM and pathological diagnosis. @* Results@# Under RCM, the sample correct rates for epithelial hyperplasia/atrophy, hyperkeratosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, vasodilation, and solar elastosis were 76.5%, 100%, 100%, 64.7%, and 70.6%, the sample accuracy compared with pathological diagnosis was 82.4%, 47.1%, 94.1%, 88.2% and 76.5%, respectively. We also observed that 100%, 88.2%, 76.5%, and 88.2% of AC patients showed RCM features of atypical keratinocytes, widening of intercellular spaces, degeneration of the basal cell layer, and pigmentation, respectively. The kappa value of hyperkeratosis and inflammatory cell infiltration was 1. The kappa value of blood vessel dilatation was 0.645. @* Conclusion @#Reflectance confocal microscopy is noninvasive and versatile and has clinical application value in the diagnosis of actinic cheilitis.

Skin imaging technologies for photoaging / 中华皮肤科杂志

Skin photoaging not only affects the appearance, but also is associated with skin tumors. It is very important to objectively and effectively evaluate photoaging. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of photoaging, but it can not be used repeatedly because of its invasiveness, and is not suitable for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of photoaging. Skin imaging technologies can realize in vivo, real-time and non-invasive two- or three-dimensional image analysis, which facilitate the visual assessment of skin photoaging. This review summarizes research progress in dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, high-frequency ultrasound and optical coherence tomography in evaluation of photoaging.

Effects of storage on vis-NIR-SWIR reflectance spectra of Mombasa grass leaf samples / Efeitos do armazenamento no espectro de reflectância vis-NIR-SWIR de amostras foliares de capim Mombaça

ABSTRACT: Vis-NIR-SWIR reflectance spectra of leaf samples, collected in the laboratory, allow the calibration of predictive models to quantify their physicochemical attributes in a practical manner and without producing chemical residues. This technique should enable the development of management strategies for intensification of pasture use. However, spectral analysis performed in the laboratory may be affected by the deterioration of plant material during transport from the field to the lab, so storage methods are necessary. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different storage methods on the spectral response of Mombasa grass leaves. Three methods were evaluated: (i) artificially refrigerated environment, (ii) humid environment, and (iii) without microenvironment control. These methods were tested in five different storage times: 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours. The spectral behavior of the leaves still inserted in the plant was used as a quality reference. Results showed notable changes at the earliest storage time for the treatment without microenvironment control. Both methods with microenvironment control stabilized the occurrence of spectral changes over 48 hours of the samples storage, thus both were suggested for this species.

RESUMO: Espectros de reflectância vis-NIR-SWIR de amostras foliares, coletados em laboratório, permitem a calibração de modelos preditivos para quantificação de seus atributos físico-químicos de maneira prática e sem produção de resíduos químicos. Esta técnica permite o desenvolvimento de estratégias de manejo para a intensificação do uso de pastagens. Contudo, análises espectrais realizadas em laboratório podem ser afetadas pela deterioração do material vegetal durante o transporte do campo ao laboratório, fazendo-se necessário a utilização de métodos de armazenamento. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes métodos de armazenamento na resposta espectral de folhas de capim Mombaça. Avaliou-se três métodos: (i) ambiente refrigerado artificialmente; (ii) ambiente úmido; e (iii) ao ar livre, sem controle do microambiente; assim como, cinco diferentes tempos de armazenamento: 2 horas, 4 horas, 8 horas, 24 horas e 48 horas. O comportamento espectral das folhas ainda inseridas na planta foi utilizado como referência de qualidade. Os resultados mostraram alterações pronunciadas para o armazenamento ao ar livre já nos primeiros intervalos de tempo. Ambos métodos com controle de microambiente permitiram estabilizar a ocorrência de alterações espectrais ao longo das 48h de armazenamento das amostras, sendo ambos sugeridos para esta espécie.

Multicolor imaging findings in torpedo maculopathy

We describe the multicolor imaging findings in two cases of Torpedo maculopathy (TM). Multicolor imaging can be a useful tool in identifying the level of retinal and choroidal layer involvement in TM. This imaging modality further confirms the hypothesis that TM is a localized congenital abnormality of retinal pigment epithelium pigmentation which leads to outer retinal and inner choroidal degeneration.

Rapid Identification of Calamina Based on Near-infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and PCA-SVM Algorithm / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To establish a near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS) identification model for crude products,counterfeit products and processed products of Calamina by principal component analysis(PCA) and support vector machine(SVM) algorithm. Method: NIRS of crude products,counterfeit products and processed products of Calamina were collected,the characteristic spectrum segments were selected,the preprocessing method and the optimum principal component number were optimized,and the PCA-SVM qualitative model was established. Result: The characteristic spectrum segment of analysis model was 7 500-4 000 cm-1.Spectra were preprocessed by the first-order derivative method(FD).The optimum principal component number was 5. And the optimum internal parameters of SVM[penalty factor(c)=0.25 and kernel function parameter(g)=8] were screened by applying the grid search algorithm.In the PCA-SVM qualitative model,the prediction accuracy rate was 100%for the 5-fold cross validation,and the prediction accuracy rates also were 100%both for training set and test set. Conclusion: PCA-SVM analysis model of NIRS for Calamina samples has a high prediction accuracy rate,and it can be used for the rapid and nondestructive identification of crude products,counterfeit products and processed products of Calamina by combining the diffuse reflection technique on solid powder.

Development of Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Detection and Analysis System for Cervical Cancer / 中国医疗器械杂志

Cervical cancer is a common female malignant tumor. It has been increasing and rejuvenating in recent years. Early screening of cervical cancer is an effective control method to block cancer. In this study, a diffuse reflectance spectrum detection and analysis system based on LabWindows development software and MariaDB database was developed, which can acquire and save the spectral data to the database. The method of a neural network model based on spectral database was built to distinguish the cervical tissue and the normal tissue. The nude mouse tumor model test and human volunteer test were performed respectively, which verified that the system can distinguish between normal tissue and tumor tissue, and can be applied to the screening of cervical precancerous lesions.

La lente dermatológica… historia y algo más / Dermatological vision lens... history and something else

El microscopio es un instrumento, que desde hace muchos años es herramienta diagnóstica en Dermatología. La evolución del microscopio ha ido en sinergia con el avance de la tecnología, siendo el desarrollo de imágenes microscópicas digitalizadas, fuente de estudio en la época actual. El uso de estas imágenes en Dermatología ha permitido realizar diagnósticos en tiempo real; situación que vence la celeridad diagnóstica y aminora tanto para el médico como para el paciente, la lentitud de otras técnicas. El conocimiento sobre los diferentes métodos que se utilizan actualmente, para confirmar diagnósticos de enfermedades cutáneas, como: la dermatoscopía, la dermatoscopía multiespectral y la microscopía confocal de reflectancia, son imprescindibles para la formación del dermatólogo de hoy en día, ya que, con ellos se resumen pasos para el manejo definitivo de los pacientes. Con esta disertación, realizaremos un breve análisis de la historia de la microscopía, desde sus inicios hasta la era digital y los beneficios que se obtienen, con el uso de cada una de estas técnicas diagnósticas.

The microscope, is an instrument that for many years is used as a diagnostic tool in Dermatology. The evolution of the microscope has gone in synergy with the advancement of technology, being the development of digitized microscopic images a source of study and research in the present time. The use of these images in Dermatology has carried out diagnoses in real time; situation that overcomes the diagnostic speed and reduces for both the doctor and the patient the slowness of other techniques. The knowledge about the different methods currently used to confirm skin diseases, such as dermatoscopy, multispectral dermoscopy and confocal reflectance microscopy, is essential for the formation of today's dermatologist, since they summarize the steps for the definitive management of patients. With this dissertation, we will make a brief analysis of the history of microscopy from its beginnings to the digital age, and the benefits obtained with the use of each of these diagnostic techniques.

Mycosis fungoides: reflectance confocal microscopy and its role in the diagnosis

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF), a T-cell lymphoma, is the most common variant of primary cutaneous lymphomas. The discrete clinical aspect of the early patch-stage and an overlapping clinical presentation with other erythematosquamous skin diseases make the diagnosis of MF challenging. Histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of MF. However, in early stages, MF can simulate inflammatory diseases, presenting reactive lymphocytes and absence of lymphocytic cytologic atypia. Consecutive biopsies are often necessary from several clinically suspect sites. Previous studies evaluated Reflectance Confocal Microscopy (RCM) as a promising tool for MF diagnosis because it offers the opportunity to analyze skin structures non-invasively at a 'quasi-histopathologic' resolution and to guide the most representative site for biopsy. Case presentation: We present a 76 years-old woman with a 5-year history of erythematous plaques and patches. She had had 5 previous skin biopsies with a pattern suggestive of nummular eczema. The history and the clinical presentation led to the suspicion of MF. RCM examination was performed and two lesions were marked for biopsy. The histopathology exam confirmed the diagnosis of MF. The patient was submitted to topical treatment with total remission of the lesions. Conclusions: The mean time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis is 6 years and the delay in diagnosis results in delay for adequate therapy. Therefore, the selection of the biopsy site is crucial to avoid unrepresentative samples. Mancebo et al. recently published the largest cohort of cutaneous T.cell lymphoma examined with RCM. 83 lesions were evaluated, and the authors confirmed that this image technique was effective in to guide the most representative site for the biopsy. We believe that further and larger studies will clarify it and defining a diagnostic algorithm for the RCM diagnosis of MF.

Determination of Levofloxacin in Pork by Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction Spectroscopy / 分析化学

A printed polymer for selective identification of levofloxacin was synthesized on the surface of silica gel with levofloxacin as template molecule. The polymer was characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy, and the properties of the polymer were determined by dynamic adsorption and selective adsorption. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of the imprinted polymer was 56.33 mg/g and the imprinting factor was 2.62. The imprinted polymer was applied to quantitative analysis of levofloxacin with molecular imprinted solid phase extraction spectroscopy (SPES). The SPES was carried out in an elaborately designed device with which the interested analyte was extracted by the solid phase extraction medium and the diffuse reflectance spectrum was measured directly on the solid medium without elution. SPES has simplified the operation process and improved the sensitivity. The regression equation of the standard curve was A=0. 0496C+0. 2412, the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0. 9924, the linear range was 0. 25-9.0 mg/L,and the detection limit was 0.24 mg/L. The recoveries of determination of levofloxacin in Pork samples were 89.1%-92.0%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the three parallel tests were 3.4%-7.9%. Compared with the traditional enrichment and separation technique, this method developed here had some advantages such as miniaturization and integration, high sensitivity and selectivity, low cost, simple operation and rapid detection.

Topical ozone therapy: An innovative solution to patients with herpes zoster / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of topical ozone therapy for patients with herpes zoster by reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM).Methods:A total of 60 patients with herpes zoster were divided into a control group and an ozone treatment group (n=30).In the control group,patients took oral valacyclovir tablets or granules (0.3 g per day,three times a day) and they were subjected to local weak laser irradiation treatment plustopical 2％ mupirocin ointment twice a day.In the ozone group,the treatment is same as the control group except mupirocin ointment was replaced with topical ozone treatment (hydrotherapy every day plus ozonated oil twice a day).The clinical symptoms,discoid cell and adverse reactions were observed and taken records at day 0,3,7 and 14.Statistical analysis was performed to compare the clinical efficacy between the 2 groups.Results:On the seventh day of treatment,the discoid cells of the ozone group disappeared,and the difference between the control group and the ozone group was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The difference of decreased percentage of pain scores at each time point between the 2 groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The clinical efficacy was 100％ in the ozone group and 86.7％ in the control group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Topical ozone therapy in patients with herpes zoster is helpful in relieving pain,shortening the course as well as improving the clinical efficacy without obvious adverse reactions.It is worth to be popularized.

Effect of ozone on Staphylococcus aureus colonization in patients with atopic dermatitis / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To verify the effect of ozone on Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) colonization in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and its correlation with the patient's status.Methods:A total of 12 patients with moderate or severe AD,aged from 6 to 65 years,were recruited from outpatient of the Third Xiangya Hospital.The treatment sides were showered with ozonated water and smeared with ozonated oil for 7 days (twice a day),while the control sides were washed with warm running water and smeared with base oil.At different time points,the severity scoring ofatopic dermatitis (SCORAD) scores,sleep and pruritus scores were assessed and compared between the two sides.Meanwhile,plate cultivation was used to quantitatively detect the changes ofS.aureus colonization in skin lesions.Results:After 7 days treatment,erythema and pimples were decreased in the treatment sides.The clear skin texture,smooth skin,improved skin lesions were also observed by dermoscopic examination.The results of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) demonstrated that the parakeratosis was improved,the structures were clearer,and the inflammatory cells infiltration was reduced after ozone treatment for 7 days.After ozone treatment for 3 and 7 days,the S.aureus colonization in the treatment sides decreased by (75.55±21.81)％ and (97.24±2.64)％ respectively.Compared to that of control sides,the percentage of S.aureus colony after ozone treatment for 7 days decreased significantly (P＜0.01).After ozone treatment for 7 days,the SCORAD scores,sleep and pruritus scores were significantly decreased (all P＜0.01).There was a linear correlation between the decreasing percentage of S.aureus colony and the declining percentage of SCORAD scores in AD patients.Conclusion:Topical ozone therapy can effectively reduce S.aureus colony in skin lesions and alleviate the severity of AD patients with moderate to severe degree.

Rapid Determination of Multi-maker Ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza by Near Infrared Diffused Reflection Spectroscopy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for rapid determination of nuezhenoside in Salvia miltiorrhiza.METHODS:The contents of salvianolic acid B,rosmarinic acid,lithospermic acid and tanshinone (tanshinone Ⅱ A+tanshinone Ⅰ +cryptotanshinone) were determined by HPLC (as reference value).Quantitative model for the contents of above components was established by partial least square (PLS)-NIR spectra.According to the reference value,143 samples were collected and the spectrum was pretreated by first-order derivative.The optimal range of wave band for salvianolic acid B,rosmarinic acid,oxalic acid and tanshinone were 6 773.98-3 981.12,6 670.85-3 996.54,8 544.66-3 936.28,8 188.06-3 875.31 cm-1.RESULTS:The methodology for the content determination of salvianolic acid B,rosmarinic acid,oxalic acid and tanshinone were in line with the requirement.The coefficient (R2) of internal cross validation for quantitative correction model of salvianolic acid B,rosmarinic acid,oxalic acid and tanshinone were 0.919 0,0.832 2,0.821 5,0.925 6.The deviation of corrected mean square roots were 4.46,0.48,1.34,0.71,respectively.The R2 values of external validation were 0.852 6,0.957 3,0.819 3,0.953 1,respectively;and mean square root of prediction error (RMSEP)were 9.77,0.28,0.94,0.63,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid,accurate,simple and pollution-free,and can be used for rapid determination of multi-maker ingredients in S.miltiorrhiza.

Establishment of NIR Quantitative Model for the Determination of Amoxilcillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for Injection / 中国药师

Objective: To develop a model for rapid and non-destructive determination of amoxilcillin sodium and sulbactam sodium for injection using the analysis of near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (NIR) and chemometrics.Methods: Totally 41 batches of commercial samples and 20 batches of laboratory samples were analyzed by NIR and the legal methods.The first derivative and vector normalization were selected as the preprocessing methods and 8 720-5 446 cm-1 was selected as the frequency range.Results: The quantitative model was constructed based on 16 batches of commercial samples and 15 batches of laboratory samples (0.75 g) and the content ranged from 4.45% to 61.82% for amoxilcillin and 15.75% to 30.25% for sulbactam.The root mean square errors of cross validation (RMSECV), determination coefficients (R 2) and root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) respectively was 0.858 , 0.998 1 and 0.936 for amoxilcillin, and respectively was 0.541 , 0.988 1 and 0.423 for sulbactam.The model was tested based on 5 batches of commercial samples and 5 batches of laboratory samples (0.75 g) and the results well met with those of the legal methods with difference ≤ 1.5 %.The model also applied in 10 batches of commercial samples (1.5 g) and 2 batches of samples from the other manufacturers.Conclusion: The non-destructive quantitative NIR methods are accurate with good reproducibility, and applicable for the rapid analysis of amoxilcillin sodium and sulbactam sodium for injection.

Rapid Determination of Stilbene Glycoside in Shouwu Pills by Near Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectro-photometry / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the rapid determination of stilbene glycoside in Shouwu pills. METH-ODS:HPLC method was used to determine the content of stilbene glycoside in Shouwu pills(as measured value). The determina-tion was performed on ODS-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(25:75,V/V)at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 320 nm,and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. The partial least square method-near infrared diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry was used to establish quantitative calibration model for pre-dicting the content of stilbene glycoside in Shouwu pills. According to measured value,76 calibration set samples and 24 validation set samples were collected. Standard normalization method and first-order derivative method combined with Savitzky-Goly filter method were used for spectrum pretreatment. The optimal band ranged 9000-4150 cm-1,and main component factor was 12. RE-SULTS:The content determination method of stilbene glycoside in Shouwu pills was in line with the requirements. The correlation coefficients,the root-mean-square error of calibration,the root-mean-square error of predication and the root-mean-square error of cross-validation(RMSECV)of the quantitative calibration model were 0.99190,0.0201,0.0236 and 0.07629. There was no sta-tistical significance between predicted value and measured value(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The method is accurate,stable and simple,and can be used for rapid determination of stilbene glycoside in Shouwu pills.

Construction and validation of conformity test model for zidovudine film-coated tablets by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish a conformity test model for inspecting aluminum-plastic package and removed aluminum-plastic package zidovudine film-coated tablets by near infrared reflectance(NIR)spectroscopy respectively. Methods The method of first derivative and vector normalization was employed respectively to pretreat the corresponding NIR spectra of aluminum-plastic pack?age and removed aluminum-plastic package zidovudine film-coated tablets with the spectral ranges of 12000~4000 cm-1. The optimum modeling band were 9000-7500cm-1,6900-5600 cm-1and 5000-4250 cm-1,respectively,and the smoothing point was set as 17 and CI limit was 7. The conformity test model was constructed on the basis of the above parameters and validated respectively. Results The authentic aluminum-plastic package and removed aluminum-plastic package zidovudine film-coated tablets were distinguished from inauthentic ones using the conformity test model validated by spectra collected by different inspectors and different near infrared instruments,realizing the model transfer accurately and effectively and improving the universality of NIR calibration model. Conclu?sion The conformity test model is accurate,simple,feasible,and suitable for the drug examination of zidovudine film-coated tablets.

Construction and validation of conformity test model for zidovudine film-coated tablets by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish a conformity test model for inspecting aluminum-plastic package and removed aluminum-plastic package zidovudine film-coated tablets by near infrared reflectance(NIR) spectroscopy respectively. Methods The method of first derivative and vector normalization was employed respectively to pretreat the corresponding NIR spectra of aluminum-plastic package and removed aluminum-plastic package zidovudine film-coated tablets with the spectral ranges of 12000~4000 cm-1. The optimum modeling band were 9000-7500cm-1, 6900-5600 cm-1and 5000-4250 cm-1, respectively, and the smoothing point was set as 17 and CI limit was 7. The conformity test model was constructed on the basis of the above parameters and validated respectively. Results The authentic aluminum-plastic package and removed aluminum-plastic package zidovudine film-coated tablets were distinguished from inauthentic ones using the conformity test model validated by spectra collected by different inspectors and different near infrared instruments, realizing the model transfer accurately and effectively and improving the universality of NIR calibration model. Conclusion The conformity test model is accurate, simple, feasible, and suitable for the drug examination of zidovudine film-coated tablets.