Síndrome de Wunderlich; una causa infrecuente de abdomen agudo en pacientes con enfermedad renal quística adquirida: primer reporte de dos casos clínicos en Bolivia / Wunderlich syndrome a rare cause of acute abdomen in patients with acquired cystic kidney disease: first report of two cases in Bolivia

El Síndrome de Wunderlich es un cuadro clínico que se presenta con dolor lumbar intenso, masa palpable en flanco e inestabilidad hemodinámica, caracterizado por la presencia de hemorragia perirrenal espontánea, no traumática. Siendo sus posibles causas etiológicas enfermedades vasculares, tumores benignos, malignos y la ruptura espontánea de quistes renales por enfermedad quística adquirida en pacientes con hemodiálisis como en los casos presentados. Tanto la ecografía y la tomografía demuestra imágenes características de los hematomas subcapsulares y perirrenales, lo que nos permite llegar a un diagnóstico certero de esta causa infrecuente de abdomen agudo. Presentamos dos casos el primero de una mujer de 35 años con dolor intenso de inicio brusco en región lumbar, signos de shock hipovolémico, se solicita ecografía y TAC de abdomen sin contraste que reporta extenso hematoma perirrenal renal derecho, líquido libre en cavidad abdominal, quistes renales bilaterales. Segundo caso hombre de 54 años con dolor abdominal súbito en flanco derecho, la ecografía y TAC de abdomen reportan hematoma subcapsular derecho, quistes corticales en ambos riñones se realiza laparotomía exploradora y nefrectomía en ambos pacientes, ambos presentan una evolución favorable y continúan en programa de diálisis.

Wunderlich syndrome is a clinical presenting with severe back pain, palpable mass in flank and hemodynamic instability, characterized by the presence of spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage, nontraumatic. Possible etiologies Being vascular disease, benign, malignant and other causes and spontaneous rupture of renal cysts by acquired cystic disease in hemodialysis patients as in the cases presented. Both ultrasound and CT images demonstrate characteristics of subcapsular and perirenal hematomas, allowing us to reach an accurate diagnosis of this rare cause of acute abdomen. We report two cases the first of a 35 year old woman with sudden onset of severe pain in the lumbar region, signs of hypovolemic shock is requested abdominal ultrasound and CT scan without contrast extensive reporting right renal perirenal hematoma, free fluid in the abdominal cavity, cysts bilateral renal. Second case 54 year old man with sudden abdominal pain in the right flank, ultrasonography and CT of the abdomen report right subcapsular hematoma, cortical cysts in both kidneys exploratory laparotomy and nephrectomy in two patients, both have a favorable and continue to program dialysis.

Bilateral Ureteral Stones and Spontaneous Perirenal Hematoma in a Patient with Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune thrombocytopenia with a usually benign clinical course. Bleedings are mostly of the mucocutaneous type with mild symptoms. Massive bleedings requiring transfusion are rarely seen, unless the number of platelets decreases to extremely low levels. In this case, bilateral perirenal hematoma and bilateral distal ureteral stones were detected on a non-contrast computed tomography scan of a 57-year-old male patient who developed macroscopic hematuria during his treatment in the clinics of internal medicine because of left flank pain and diffuse petechial rashes all over his body. The patient, who had been receiving chronic ITP treatment for 1 year, had a very low platelet count (4,000/mm3). The patient was prescribed bed rest, and his platelet count increased to a safe level for surgical intervention of above 50,000/mm3 with administration of prednisolone, intravenous immune globulin, and platelet suspension. A stone-free state was achieved after bilateral ureterorenoscopy and pneumatic lithotripsy. A conservative approach was followed for the perirenal hematoma. Upon regression of the perirenal hematoma, the patient was discharged at 9 weeks postoperatively.

Renal hematoma: An unusual cause of acute abdomen and fetal demise in severe Pre-Eclampsia.

Retroperitoneal hematoma occurs rarely in an obstetric patient. Renal hematoma may present with signs and symptoms, which may mimic the clinical presentation of abruptio placentae or rupture uterus. Although renal hematoma is sometimes a surgical emergency due to hypovolemic shock, conservative management by angiographic embolization may be done. Timely diagnosis and management is required to decrease the maternal mortality and morbidity. We hereby report a case of spontaneous renal hematoma in a patient with severe pre-eclampsia who presented with acute abdomen and intrauterine fetal death.

Post-ESWL(Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy) Renal Hematoma: CT Evaluation / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Morphological changes of the kidney after ESWL in 130 patients are analyzed with CT at Dept. of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital from March 1987 to May 1987. Of 130 patients, 9 patients(6.9%) showed renal hematoma. Among 9 patients, 5 patients (3.8%) had subcapsular hematoma and 4 patients(3.1%) had parenchymal hematoma. We analyzed these 9 patients radiologically and clinically. These hematoma were clinically insignificant and self-limited in all cases. So ESWL can be regarded as a safe modality for treatment of the renal and ureteral calculi.