DOES THE ACTIVATION OF ROOT CANAL DRESSINGS IMPROVE THEIR FILLING QUALITY ON TEETH WITH SIMULATED INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION?

This study aims to evaluate, by micro-computed tomography, the filling capacity of two root canal dressings (RCD) - Bio-C Temp and Ultracal - after different activation protocols in teeth with simulated internal root resorption. Eighty single-rooted bovine teeth were sectioned in the cervical portion, standardizing the roots at 16 mm. Then, the canals were prepared by the apex-crown technique until instrument #80 using 2mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution at each instrument change. Afterward, the roots were sectioned longitudinally, and internal root resorptions were simulated using a diamond bur 1016 at 5 mm from the root apex. Hemiroots were joined and fixed with cyanoacrylate, scanned in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to assess total canal volume and simulated internal resorption, and then divided by stratified randomization into experimental groups according to RCD and method of activation (n = 10): Ultracal/Syringe; Ultracal/PUI, Ultracal/XP Endo Finisher, Ultracal Easy Clean, Bio-C Temp/Syringe, Bio-C Temp/PUI, Bio-C Temp/XP Endo Finisher and Bio-C/Easy Clean. Another scanning was performed to assess the volume of voids after RCD activation methods. The ANOVA and Tukey tests compared the activation methods. Student's T-test compared the RCDs within each activation method. Initial root canal volume values were similar for all groups (P > 0.05). There was no difference between activation protocols (P > 0.05). Higher volumes of void spaces were observed for Bio-C Temp compared to Ultracal after all activation methods (P < 0.05), except for Easy Clean (P > 0.05). Due to this, it can be concluded that the agitation methods tested for the Bio-C Temp and Ultracal pastes did not improve the filling of bovine teeth with simulated internal root resorption.

DOES THE ACTIVATION OF ROOT CANAL DRESSINGS IMPROVE THEIR FILLING QUALITY ON TEETH WITH SIMULATED INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION?

Aims: This study aims to evaluate, by micro-computed tomography, the filling capacity of two root canal dressings (RCD) -Bio-C Temp and Ultracal -after different activation protocols in teeth with simulated internal root resorption.Materials and methods: Eighty single-rooted bovine teeth were sectioned in the cervical portion, standardizing the roots at 16 mm. Then, the canals were prepared by the apex-crown technique until instrument #80 using 2mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution at each instrument change. Afterward, the roots were sectioned longitudinally, and internal root resorptions were simulated using a diamond bur 1016 at 5 mm from the root apex. Hemiroots were joined and fixed with cyanoacrylate, scanned in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to assess total canal volume and simulated internal resorption, and then divided by stratified randomization into experimental groups according to RCD and method of activation (n = 10): Ultracal/Syringe; Ultracal/PUI, Ultracal/XP Endo Finisher, Ultracal Easy Clean, Bio-C Temp/Syringe, Bio-C Temp/PUI, Bio-C Temp/XP Endo Finisher and Bio-C/Easy Clean. Another scanning was performed to assess the volume of voids after RCD activation methods. The ANOVA and Tukey tests compared the activation methods. Student's T-test compared the RCDs within each activation method. Initial root canal volume values were similar for all groups (P > 0.05).Results:There was no difference between activation protocols (P > 0.05). Higher volumes of void spaces were observed for Bio-C Temp compared to Ultracal after all activation methods (P < 0.05), except for Easy Clean (P > 0.05).Conclusion:It can be concluded that the agitation methods tested for the Bio-C Temp and Ultracal pastes did not improve the filling of bovine teeth with simulated internal root resorption.

DOES THE ACTIVATION OF ROOT CANAL DRESSINGS IMPROVE THEIR FILLING QUALITY ON TEETH WITH SIMULATED INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION?

Aims: This study aims to evaluate, by micro-computed tomography, the filling capacity of two root canal dressings (RCD) -Bio-C Temp and Ultracal -after different activation protocols in teeth with simulated internal root resorption.Materials and methods: Eighty single-rooted bovine teeth were sectioned in the cervical portion, standardizing the roots at 16 mm. Then, the canals were prepared by the apex-crown technique until instrument #80 using 2mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution at each instrument change. Afterward, the roots were sectioned longitudinally, and internal root resorptions were simulated using a diamond bur 1016 at 5 mm from the root apex. Hemiroots were joined and fixed with cyanoacrylate, scanned in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to assess total canal volume and simulated internal resorption, and then divided by stratified randomization into experimental groups according to RCD and method of activation (n = 10): Ultracal/Syringe; Ultracal/PUI, Ultracal/XP Endo Finisher, Ultracal Easy Clean, Bio-C Temp/Syringe, Bio-C Temp/PUI, Bio-C Temp/XP Endo Finisher and Bio-C/Easy Clean. Another scanning was performed to assess the volume of voids after RCD activation methods. The ANOVA and Tukey tests compared the activation methods. Student's T-test compared the RCDs within each activation method. Initial root canal volume values were similar for all groups (P > 0.05).Results:There was no difference between activation protocols (P > 0.05). Higher volumes of void spaces were observed for Bio-C Temp compared to Ultracal after all activation methods (P < 0.05), except for Easy Clean (P > 0.05).Conclusion:It can be concluded that the agitation methods tested for the Bio-C Temp and Ultracal pastes did not improve the filling of bovine teeth with simulated internal root resorption

A new calcium silicate-based root canal dressing: physical and chemical properties, cytotoxicity and dentinal tubule penetration

Abstract The aims of this study were to evaluate the physical and chemical properties, cytotoxicity and dentinal tubule penetration of a new calcium silicate-based root canal dressing. For pH and calcium ion release evaluation (1, 24, 72 and 168 h) were used a pH meter and colorimetric spectrophotometer, respectively. Radiopacity evaluation followed the ISO 6876:2012. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the percentage of cell viability using MTT assay. Illustrative images of dentinal tubule penetration were obtained using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data from pH and calcium ion release were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. Radiopacity was analyzed using the Student t-test. The statistical tests for cytotoxicity results were the one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. Both materials showed alkaline pH in all experimental times. The pH values for calcium hydroxide paste were higher than bioceramic paste at 1, 24, and 72 h (p<0.05). The calcium ion release of bioceramic was lower than the calcium hydroxide paste only at 24 h (p<0.05). The bioceramic was more radiopaque than the calcium hydroxide paste (p<0.05). Bioceramic paste presented a dose and time-dependent cytotoxic effect after MTT assay. CLSM images showed absence of tubule penetration for both pastes. The new calcium silicate-based canal dressing presented alkaline pH, high calcium release, and acceptable radiopacity. Bio C Temp showed a dose and time-dependent cytotoxic and absence of dentinal tubule penetration.

Resumo Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar as propriedades físicas e químicas, citototoxidade e penetração tubular de uma nova medicação à base de silicato de cálcio. Para o teste de pH, e liberação de íons cálcio (1, 24, 72 e 168 h) foi usado medidor de pH e espectofotômetro colorimétrico, respectivamente. Avaliação da radiopacidade, seguiu a ISO 6876:2012). A citotoxicidade foi avaliada pela porcentagem de células viáveis usando o ensaio MTT. Imagens ilustrativas de penetração tubular foram obtidas usando microscopia confocal de varredura a laser (CLSM). Os dados de pH e liberação de cálcio foram analisados através do teste de Análise de Variância de duas vias e teste de Tukey. A radiopacidade foi avaliada usando o teste T de Student. Para a citotoxicidade foi empregada a Análise de Variância de uma via e teste de Tukey. Ambos os materiais apresentaram pH alcalino em todos os tempos experimentais. Os valores de pH da pasta de hidróxido de cálcio foram superiores à pasta biocerâmica em 1, 24 e 72 h (p<0,05). A liberação de cálcio da pasta biocerâmica foi inferior à pasta de hidróxido de cálcio apenas em 24 h (p<0,05). Bio-C Temp foi mais radiopaco que o Ultracal XS (p<0,05). A pasta biocerâmica apresentou efeito citotóxico dependente da dose e do tempo de exposição. Imagens de CLSM mostraram ausência de penetração intratubular para ambas as pastas. A nova medicação à base de silicato de cálcio apresentou pH alcalino, alta liberação de cálcio e boa radiopacidade. Bio C Temp apresentou um efeito citotóxico dependente da dose e do tempo de exposição e ausência de penetração tubular.

Ph externo de dentes bovinos com pasta de hidróxido de cálcio / External pH of bovine teeth using hydroxide paste

The aim of this study was to evaluate the external pH root of bovine teeth, using calcium hydroxide paste (Ultracal XS Ultradent) and (CALEN-SS WHITE) as intra canal medication. Thus ten bovine teeth (n=10/group) were used and they had their apex sealed with composite resine. These teeth had four perforations of 2 mm depth which were made with spherical tip diamond number 1014 in each of them. The chemical-mechanical preparation was made manually with limes type K up to #80. The canal system irrigation had sodium hypochlorite 4% during the instrumentation plus EDTA 17% under agitation with ultrasound (Profi II ceramic Dabi Atlante) during 20 seconds, three times, totalizing one minute. Subsequently the canals were filled with the intra canal medication (Ultracal XS Ultradent) and (CALEN-SS WHITE). The dental crowns were sealing with Bioplic. Immediately, every tooth was placed in ependorfs containing miliQ water. After that, the external pH was measured with pH tape ribbon Merck trademark (pH 0-14) and it was made every 24 hours for 21 days. The results of this experiment showed that the dressing used could not alcalinize the dentin in its outer surface once the modulator, Milli-Q water, had a little change. Concluding, the calcium hydroxide paste inside the root bovine tooth could promoted a small change in the external environment, which was represented by Milli-Q water(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o pH externo radicular de dentes bovinos, utilizando pasta de hidróxido de cálcio (Ultracal XS Ultradent) e (Calen ­ SS WHITE), como medicação intracanal. Foram utilizados 10 dentes bovinos (n=10/grupo), selados no ápice com resina composta e com quatro perfurações de 2 mm de profundidade realizadas com uma ponta diamantada esférica n°1014 em cada corpo de prova. O preparo químico mecânico foi feito manualmente com limas tipo Kerr até a lima #80. A irrigação dos canais foi feita com hipoclorito de sódio a 4% durante a instrumentação e EDTA 17% sob agitação com ultrassom (Profi II ceramic Dabi Atlante) durante 20 segundos, três vezes, totalizando um minuto. Posteriormente os canais radiculares foram preenchidos com a medicação intracanal (Ultracal XS Ultradent) e com (Calen ­ SS WHITE) e o selamento coronário com bioplic. Imediatamente após, cada dente foi colocado em eppendorfs contendo água miliquezada, logo o pH externo radicular foi medido com a fita de pH da marca Merck (pH 0-14), de 24 em 24 horas durante 21 dias. Os resultados obtidos neste experimento mostraram que a medicação intracanal não conseguiu alcalinizar a massa dentinária em sua superfície externa já que o modulador, água Milli-Q, alterou-se pouco, concluindo-se que a pasta de hidróxido de cálcio no interior do canal radicular de dente bovino promoveu pequena alteração no meio externo representado pela água Mili-Q(AU)

Large apical periodontitis healing following root canal dressing with calcium hydroxide: a case report / Reparo de lesão periapical extensa após utilização de curativo de demora à base de hidróxido de cálcio: relato de caso

PURPOSE: The objective of this paper is to report the clinical case of a patient who presented a chronic apical periodontitis, arising from internal inflammatory resorption followed by pulp necrosis, and a long-term success of a root canal therapy using calcium hydroxide as root canal dressing. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 20-year-old male patient presented for routine dental treatment. By radiographic examination we noted an extensive radioluscent area, laterally to the permanent maxillary right lateral incisor, with possibility of communication with the lateral periodontium, suggestive of a chronic apical periodontitis. Due to external root resorption detection, we used a calcium hydroxide root canal dressing, changed every 15 days, for a period of 2 months. Root canal filling was performed using gutta-percha cones by lateral condensation technique Radiographic follow up held after 19 years of treatment indicated a periodontium in conditions of normality, with the presence of lamina dura. CONCLUSION: Calcium hydroxide is a suitable material to be used as root canal dressing in teeth with apical periodontitis. Long-term evaluation demonstrated the satisfactory clinical outcome following root canal treatment.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso clínico de um paciente que apresentava lesão periapical crônica decorrente de necrose de pulpar e o sucesso a longo prazo de uma terapia endodôntica utilizando o hidróxido de cálcio como curativo de demora. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: O paciente, do gênero masculino, com 20 anos de idade, compareceu à Clínica Odontológica para tratamento de rotina. Por meio de exames radiográficos observamos uma área radioluscente extensa, lateralmente ao incisivo lateral superior direito, com possibilidade de comunicação com o periodonto lateral, sugestivo de lesão periapical. Devido à presença de reabsorção radicular externa, foi utilizado um curativo de demora à base de hidróxido de cálcio (Calen®), trocado a cada 15 dias, por um período de 2 meses. A obturação do canal radicular foi realizada com cones de guta-percha pela técnica de condensação lateral ativa. O acompanhamento radiográfico realizado após 19 anos do tratamento endodôntico indicou um periodonto em condições de normalidade, com integridade da lamina dura. CONCLUSÃO: O hidróxido de cálcio é um material adequado para ser usado como curativo de demora em dentes com lesão periapical, uma vez que a avaliação a longo prazo demonstrou resultados clínicos satisfatórios após o tratamento endodôntico.

Efeito do curativo de demora à base de hidróxido de cálcio na reparação apical e periapical, pós-tratamento de canais radiculares de dentes de cães com necrose pulpar e reação periapical crônica induzida: análise histopatológica / Effect of the temporary dressing to the calcium hydroxide based in the apical and periapical repair, post-treatments of root canals of teeth of dogs with pulpar necrosis and induced chronic periapical reaction: histological analysis

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar histopatologicamente a reparação apical e periapical pós-tratamento de canais radiculares de dentes de cães com reação periapical crônica experimentalmente induzida. Após a neutralização imediata do conteúdo séptico/tóxico e o preparo biomecânico, utilizando como solução irrigadora a solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 5,25%, os canais radiculares foram obturados na mesma sessão (Grupo I) e/ou após a utilização de 2 diferentes curativos de demora à base de hidróxido de cálcio, por um período de 15 dias correspondendo ao Grupo II (pasta Calen/PMCC) e ao Grupo III (pasta Calasept) após o que os canais foram obturados. A técnica de obturação utilizada foi a clássica complementada com condensação lateral ativa, empregando-se cones de guta-percha e o AH Plus como cimento obturador. Após 180 dias de obturação, os animais foram mortos e após processamento histológico os resultados mostraram que ocorreu diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos que receberam o curativo de demora (II e III) e o grupo cujos canais radiculares foram obturados na mesma sessão (I), nos quais os eventos da resposta inflamatória foram severos. Entre os Grupos II e III, houve diferença significante onde os melhores resultados histopatológicos ocorreram no Grupo II (Calen/PMCC).

The objective of this study was to evaluate histopathological the apical and periapical repair after endodontic treatment of teeth with pulp necrosis and a chronic periapical lesion in dogs. After the immediate neutralization of the septic/toxin content and the biomechanic preparation, the root canals were then treated endodonti cally using 5,25% sodium hypochlorite as an irrigation solution, the root canals were filled in the same session (Group I) and/or after utilization the use of two differents temporary dressing based calcium hydroxide, was applied for 15 days to corresponding to Group II (Calen/PMCC) and to Group III (Calasept), after the root canals were filled. The technique of filling was the classic complemented with active lateral condensation, using cones of gutta-percha and AH Plus as endodontic sealer. After 180 days, the animals were killed and after histopathological processing the results had shown that the Groups II and III (temporary dressing based calcium hydroxide) were statistically significant comparative to Group I whose root canals were filled in the same session (Group I), were events inflammathory were severe. Between the Groups II and III, showed difference statistically significancy, where better results histopathological ones had occurred in Group II (Calen/PMCC)