RESUMEN
Rourea is a genus of climbing shrubs and small trees and widely distributed in the Amazon, Pacific region, Africa, andAsia. It has about 65 species and 129 varieties. They are widely used in ethnomedicine for various health complaintssuch as rheumatism, diabetes, tumor, asthma, and diarrhea. This paper summarizes 38 compounds from Rourea sp.from different classes of compounds such as flavonoids, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, lipids, phytosteroids, andcoumarin. Several bioactivities such as hypoglycemia, antinociceptive, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, andlarvicidal activities are also discussed
RESUMEN
This study evaluated some biological activities of the leaves from Rourea induta Planch., Connaraceae. Fractions of the ethanolic extract from leaves of this species were obtained by liquid/liquid partition and their antibacterial, allelophatic and antioxidant activities were analyzed. By the agar diffusion method the ethyl acetate, chloroform fractions and hyperin showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis with an inhibition halo of 15.0, 12.3 and 9.3 mm respectively, and Staphylococcus aureus with 7.6 mm for the fractions. For antioxidant activity all samples have demonstrated a significant potential, especially the chloroform, ethyl acetate fractions and the hyperin which IC50 were, 5.33 ±0.19; 3.21 ± 0.00 and 3.89 ± 0,02 respectively. This result is close to the standards vitamin C and rutin. In the allelopathic activity the hexane fraction at 0.8 mg and 0.4 mg, inhibited 33.24% and 20.54% the hipocotyl’s growth of Lactuca sativa seeds, and the compound tetracosane inhibited 18.05% the hipocotyl’s growth at 0.4 mg. The obtained results stimulate the continuity of this study.
RESUMEN
Most active plants are toxic at high doses and it is therefore important to investigate the preliminary toxicity of plant extracts. The Rourea induta species is a potential drug with no phytochemical or biological studies registered in the literature. Thus, a phytochemical study and a toxicity analysis of the ethanolic extract obtained from the leaves of Rourea induta Planch., Connaraceae, was run. A long chain hydrocarbon, n-tetracosane, and four flavonoids were identified: quercetin, and three glycosylated derivates, quercetin-3-O-α-arabinofuranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-xyloside and quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside. This is the first time these have been isolated in this species. The structures were elucidated by 13C NMR, ¹H NMR, UV and IR spectroscopy. The toxicity evaluation of extracts was performed by the brine shrimp method and determination of hemolytic activity. The samples demonstrated no toxic potential by the analyzed methods.
A maioria das plantas ativas é tóxica em doses elevadas, portanto, é importante a investigação da toxicidade preliminar dos extratos das plantas. A espécie Rourea induta é uma droga potencial que não apresenta estudo fitoquímico ou biológico descrito na literatura. Assim, um estudo fitoquímico e análises toxicológicas foram realizados com o extrato etanólico obtido das folhas de Rourea induta Planch., Connaraceae. Foram obtidos um hidrocarboneto de cadeia longa, n-tetracosano, e quatro flavonóides, quercetina e três derivados glicosilados, quercetina-3-O-α-arabinofuranosideo, quercetina-3-O-β-xilosideo e quercetina-3-O-β-galactosideo. Esta é a primeira vez que estes compostos são isolados nesta espécie. As estruturas foram elucidadas por espectroscopia de RMN-13C, RMN-¹H, ultravioleta e infravermelho. A avaliação da toxicidade dos extratos foi analisada pelo método da Artemia salina e atividade hemolítica. Nenhuma das amostras testadas apresentou um potencial tóxico pelos métodos analisados.