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Objective To investigate the effects of different acupuncture therapies on serum branched-chain amino acids (BAC and free tryptophan (F-Trp) in high-intensity military training soldiers. Methods Ninety healthy soldiers were randomly allocated to groups A, B and C, 30 soldiers each. Group A received treatment with electroacupuncture at Zusanli; group B, treatment by cupping on Zusanli;group C, no treatment. The three groups did a high-intensity 5 km running exercise after two weeks of treatment. Serum BACC and F-Trp contents were measured in the three groups before and at the end of treatment and at five days after treatment. Results It can be seen from table 2 that there were no statistically significant pre-treatment differences in serum BACC and F-Trp contents between the three groups of soldier subjects (P>0.05); there were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in serum BACC and F-Trp contents in the three groups of soldier subjects (P＜0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in serum BACC content between group A or B and group C (P＜0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in serum F-Trp content between group A or B and group C at the end of treatment and at five days after treatment (P＜0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture therapy can effectively improve bodily anti-fatigue ability and reduce high-intensity exercise induced muscular injury in military training soldiers.
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BACKGROUND:Many studies have shown that matrix metal oproteinases 1, 3, 9 and 13 play an important role in articular cartilage degeneration and destruction, but there is less special research on the articular synovium. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of long-distance running on the expressions of matrix metal oproteinases 1, 3, 9 and 13 in the synovium. METHODS:Fifteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups:control group, tablet group and uphil group. Rats in the control group received ordinary captivity;rats in the tablet group ran on the horizontal treadmil (0°) at the speed of 1 km/h for 1 hour daily, and lasted for 45 days;rats in the uphil group daily ran on the horizontal treadmil (0°) at the speed of 1 km/h for 1 hour, and lasted for 15 days, and then the rats ran on the uphil treadmil (+20°) at the speed of 1 km/h for 1 hour daily and lasted for 30 days. The knee joint synovium injury models with varying degrees were established. The dual hind knee joints were obtained after modeling for paraffin-embedded. Then the overal sagittal slices were obtained for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining, and the experimental results were observed and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After long-distance running, the expression of matrix metal oproteinases 1 in synovium of the tablet group and uphil group was increased when compared with that of the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in matrix metal oproteinases 3 expression (P>0.05). The expressions of matrix metal oproteinase 9 and matrix metal oproteinase 13 in synovium were in gradient increasing state (Pexercise can influence the normal physiological structure of rat knee joint synovium by changing the expression of matrix metal oproteinases.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of exercise on the hippocampal formation and the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of middle-aged rats. MethodsTen 14-month female SD rats were randomly divided into exercise group and sedentary group.Rats in the exercise group were forced to run on a treadmill for 4 months. After 4 months, spatial learning capacity of two group rats was tested using the Morris water maze.Then, the hippocampal formation and the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation were quantitatively estimated using transmission electronic microscopy and stereological techniques. Results Treadmill running enhanced the spatial learning capacity of the rats. The volume of hippocampal formation and the total length of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation were significantly increased after 4 months exercise.However,there was no significant difference in the total volume of the myelinated fibers in the hippocampal formation between the two groups.The absolute distributions of the total length of the myelinated fibers in the hippocampal formation of two groups indicated that the exercise-induced increase of the total length of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation was mainly due to the increase of the myelinated fibers with small diameter. Conclusions Four months running exercise remarkably influence the spatial learning capacity,hippocampal formation and the myelinated fibers in the hippocampal formation of the middle-aged famale SD rats. The present results reveal a potential mechanism for the fact that exercise might improve brain function.
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@#ObjectiveTo study the effect of exercise on expression of p38 after cerebral infarction in rats.MethodsThe right middle cerebral artery was occluded(MCAO) with electric coagulation in Wistar rats,and then were divided into three groups at random 48 hours later: training group which were given wheel-running exercise everyday(n=20);control group(n=20) and sham group(n=10).The expression of p38 in cortex of the three groups were detected on 7th,14th,21th and 28th day after the MCAO.ResultsIn the cortex around the infarcted focus,the expressions of p38 elevated much significantly after cerebral infarction(P<0.05).The expression of p38 in training group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05) on the 21th and 28th day.ConclusionThe cerebral infarction could induce the expression of p38.The exercise could enhance its expression.
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The change in R-R interval (RRI) induced by rapid postural change from a squat posture to standing was analyzed in 8 healthy male students (20.3±1.2 years of age) before and immediately after maximal running exercise. We instructed subjects to stand up as quickly as possible, and to repeat the standing-up movement three times at intervals of 2 min. Heart rate responses and heart rate variability were analyzed by the change in RRI induced by standing up. Heart rate (HR) increased quickly at the onset of standing up. The time (T) until the maximal HR (Hmax) was reached 9.79±1.44 s after standing up, and then the HR after Hmax decreased rapidly with time. The maximal HR was 1.20 times higher while standing up than in the squat position. Maximal running exercise significantly delayed the time taken to reach Hmax after standing up, and significantly diminished the increased HR to 1.15 times. The Hmax/Hmin ratio, which expressed the magnitude of autonomic activity during standing up, was significantly lower following maximal exercise, indicating that the cardiac sympathetic nervous system seems to be in a state of hyperfunction immediately after maximal running exercise. These findings suggest that disturbance in the postural adjustment of the cardiovascular system immediately after intense exercise may be induced by the delayed response and decreased amplitude of the HR.
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A study was conducted to determine the effect of water running exercise (WRE) on renal function. The study involved 5 healthy males who performed maximal work by both WRE and bicycle ergometer exercise (BEE), and 6 males who performed head-out water immersion.<BR>The results obtained were as follows;<BR>1) The values of VO<SUB>2</SUB>max and maximum heart rate (HRmax) during WRE and BEE were approximately similar, and blood lactate concentration after exercise was significantly higher then the basal value in both types of exercise, although the value was significantly higher after WRE than after BEE.<BR>2) Compared with the resting values on land, significant decreases in HR and plasma aldosterone (Ald) concentration were noted in head-out water immersion, but plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration and urinary volume were not changed significantly from the resting values.<BR>3) The secretion of both plasma ADH and Ald was significantly increased at the end of both types of exercise. However, a larger increase in Ald and ADH was observed after BEE than after WRE.<BR>4) The rate of urine flow was obviously decreased soon after both types of exercise; this was positively correlated with changes in creatinine clearance and negatively correlated with changes in Ald concentration.<BR>The results of the present study suggest that a better venous return is induced by the water pressure and cardiac output during WRE, possibly inducing the release of atrial natriuretic fsctor (ANF) . ANF may inpair the release of ADH and Ald to a greater extent in WRE than in BEE.