Growth and antioxidant response of juvenile oysters Crassostrea sikamea and Crassostrea corteziensis treated with Streptomyces strains / Crescimento e resposta oxidative de ostras jovens Crassostrea sikamea e Crassostrea corteziensis tratadas com cultura Streptomyces

The effect of three Streptomyces strains (N7, RL8 and V4) and a mixture of Bacillus (BMix) on the growth (Weight, Size) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in hatchery-reared juvenile oysters Crassostrea corteziensis and Crassostrea sikamea was investigated to determine their probiotic potential. Microorganisms were added to culture water at 1×106 CFU/ml once a day during 30 days and all oysters fed daily a microalgae mix. Juveniles of C. sikamea treated with strains N7, RL8 and V4 had a significant weight gain compared to the control group. C. corteziensis juveniles treated with strains RL8 and BMix showed a significantly higher weight gain than the control group. No significant size increase was observed in any treated group for both oyster species. SOD activity significantly increased in C. sikamea treated with RL8 and with RL8, N7 and BMix in C. corteziensis. Streptomyces strains RL8 and N7 emerge as promising probiotic agents to cultivate C. sikamea and C. corteziensis and may also be useful to other molluscs and marine invertebrates .(AU)

O efeito de três culturas Streptomyces (N7, RL8 e V4) e uma mistura de Bacillus (BMix) sobre o cresimento (Peso, Tamanho) e atividade superóxido dismutase (SOD) em ostras jovens Crassostrea corteziensis e Crassostrea sikamea cultivadas artificalmente foi investigado para determinar seu potencial probiótico. Microorganismos foram adicionados à água de cultura a 1×10 6 CFU/ml uma vez por dia durante 30 dias e todas as ostras foram alimentadas diariamente com uma mistura de microalgas. Jovens C. sikamea tratados com culturas N7, RL8 e V4 tiveram ganho de peso significativo quando comparado ao grupo de controle. Jovens C. corteziensis tratados com culturas RL8 e BMix demonstraram peso significativamente mais algo que o grupo de controle. Nenhum aumento em tamanho foi observado em grupos tratados em ambas espécies. A atividade SOD foi significamente aumentada em C. sikamea treatado com RL8 e com RL8, N7 e BMix em C. corteziensis. Culturas Streptomyces RL8 e N7 surgem como agentes probióticos promissores para o cultivo de C. sikamea e C. corteziensis e podem ser úteis para outros moluscos animais marinhos invertebrados.(AU)

MnSOD and GPx1 polymorphism relationship with coronary heart disease risk and severity

BACKGROUND: Disturbance of the equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and anti-oxidants (AOX) has been implicated in various diseases, including atherosclerosis, the most common pathologic process underlying coronary heart disease (CHD). Thus, the defense systems against ROS are critical protecting blood vessel walls against oxidative damage. In this study, we investigate whether Ala16Val MnSOD and Pro198Leu GPx polymorphisms are associated with CHD susceptibility and/or severity. METHODS: Both polymorphisms were genotyped in a sample of 203 controls and 164 patients. CHD risk and severity, antioxidant status (enzymatic and/or non enzymatic) and biochemical parameters were assessed and analysed by genotype. RESULTS: A significant association of MnSOD variant to CHD risk was revealed in males. Males harboring the Val/Val genotype were approximately at twofold increased risk of CHD compared to controls (Ala carriers vs Val/Val, adjusted OR 1.89; 95 % CI 1.18-3.42, p = 0.03). Significant decreases in SOD activity and total antioxidant status (TAS) were observed in Val carriers and by CHD status. Whereas, no association of GPx variant genotype (Leu/Leu) and activity to cardiopathy events was discerned. CHD severity, as demonstrated by the number of vessel stenosis, was associated with significantly higher frequency of Val allele and LDL levels in CHD subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a lack of association of Pro198Leu GPx polymorphism to CHD risk and severity. However, they suggest that Ala16Val MnSOD polymorphism and decreased antioxidant defences are likely contributed to CHD risk in Tunisian men. Furthermore, the Val encoding MnSOD allele and decreased SOD activity were significantly correlated with CHD stenosis progression

Spa Therapy for Asthma in the Elderly in Relation to Action Mechanisms and Clinical Efficacy / 日本温泉気候物理医学会雑誌

In recent years, the number of patients with respiratory disease has been increasing. In this study, pathophysiological characteristics of asthma in the elderly were discussed in relation to the action mechanisms and the clinical efficacy of spa therapy. In the action mechanisms of spa therapy for asthma, improvements of subjective and objective symptoms and ventilatory function, decrease in airway resistance, improvement of hyperinflation of the lung, and suppression of hypersecretion were observed in direct action of the therapy. Furthermore, improvement of depressed function of adrenocortical glands, psychological relaxation, and antioxidant action (increase in SOD activity) were found in indirect action of the therapy.<br>Characteristics of asthma in the elderly was expressed as weak allergic reaction, decrease in ventilatory function, DLco and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, increase in residual volume accompanied by weak bronchoconstriction, and suppressed function of adrenocortical glands, which are beneficial for clinical efficacy of spa therapy. Thus, spa therapy is more effective in elderly patients than in younger patients.

Effect of Propofol on Kupffer Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activities and Cytoprotections during Hypoxia-Reoxygenation / 대한해부학회지

The aims of this study were to verify the hypoxia-reoxygenation injury of primary cultured Kupffer cells and the effect of propofol against the hypoxia-reoxygenation injury through quantitating lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.The sequential treatments with hypoxia and reoxygenation induced significant increasement of LDH release (P.0.01) and decresement of SOD activity(P.0.05) in primary cultured Kupffer cell. The level of LDH release and SOD activity after sequential treatments with hypoxia and reoxygenation were restored to the control level by the propofol treatment in the concentration of 0.5 and 5 microgram/mL. Propofol in concentration of 50 microgram/mL induced significant increasement of LDH release (P.0.01) on both normal culture and hypoxia-reoxygenation culture of the Kupffer cell. As hypoxia and reoxygenation procedures and propofol treatment were concurrently added to the cultured Kupffer cell, propofol treatment in the concentration of 50 microgram/mL decreased significantly the SOD activity (P.0.01). In conclusion, propofol in this hypoxia-reoxygenation model could provide a valuable clue for the study of liver transplantation and of propofol.

Placental Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Genetic Polymorphism in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy / 대한주산의학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate urinary malondialdehyde (MDA), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity and polymorphism in placental tissues of women with preeclampsia and to evaluate oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. METHODS: Urins and placental tissues were obtained from 20 normal and 20 preeclamptic women at 3rd trimester. Urinary MDA was assayed by an high performanance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The placental Mn-SOD activity was assayed by westen blotting and The placental Mn-SOD genotyping was assayed by PCR-RFLP. Data were analyzed statistically using Student's t-test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: 1) Urinary concentration of MDA was not significantly different in preeclampsia (4.43+/-2.37 ug/g) as compared with normotensive pregnancy (4.39+/-1.17 ug/g). 2) Preeclamptic women had similar Mn-SOD activity in placenta (1.04+/-0.04U/mL protein) as compared with normotensive pregnancy (1.44+/-0.34 U/mL protein). 3) No significant difference in the polymorphismthe of Mn-SOD genotype in placenta was observed between preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy (X2=0.06, p>0.05) CONCLUSION: The findings in this study do not show that oxidative stress might be a pathogenetically relevent process causally contributing to the disease, and polymorphism in the Mn-SOD genotype in placenta do not seem to be risk factors for preeclampsia.

Oxygen free Radical Reactions by Various Partial Pressure of Oxygen in Rats intoxicated with Carbon Monoxide

Experiments, using CO intoxicated male Sprague-Dawley rats, were carried out (1) to see the change of the oxygen tree radical reaction according to partial pressure of oxygen, and (2) to assess the effectiveness of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and ethane as a parameter of the reaction. Ethane was measured in exhaled breath anti SOD activity and MDA In brain tissue. Experimental group consist of (1) Control group (=breathing with air[ambient air]), (2) HBO group (=exposed to hyperbaric oxygen(HBO, 3ATA, l00%] after all breath), (3) CO-Air group (=exposed to CO [3,970 ppm] after air breath followed by air breath), (4) CO-HBO group (=exposed to CO after air breath followed by HBO treatment), and (5) CO group (=exposed to CO after air breath, only for SOD activity & MDA measuring). Amount of ethane exhaled during 30 minutes of HBO treatment after GO exposure was significantly greater than those of all the other groups (p-value= .002) , suggesting more oxygen free radical reaction is taken place in CO intoxicated rats treated with higher partial pressure of oxygen. The long-term follow-up studies are required to differentiate the adverse effects of HBO treatment from the sequelae of CO poisoning itself, and to develop the preventive measures for the adverse effect of HBO treatment. And there was no significnat difference among the five groups in SOD activity and MDA measuring (p-value>.05). This result may be accounted for the rapid recovery of SOD activity and the metabolic degradation and excretion of MDA in a short time. In conclusion, measurement of ethane in exhaled breath is more effective than those of SOD activity and MDA as a parameter to assess the oxygen free radical reaction produced by HBO treatment for CO poisoned rats as a whole