Cáncer gástrico enmascarado por fitobezoar: a propósito de un caso / Gastric cancer masked by phytobezoar: about a case

RESUMEN Introducción: Se define como bezoar al cúmulo de material extraño no digerido que se encuentra en el tubo digestivo de las personas y algunos animales. Por lo general son localizados en el estómago. El tratamiento médico y endoscópico es el de elección, aunque también va a estar determinado por su localización y su causa. El tratamiento quirúrgico se reserva cuando existe alguna complicación o la terapia endoscópica falla. Objetivo: Presentar un caso clínico de una paciente con obstrucción pilórica completa por fitobezoar y tumor del antropíloro. Caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 54 años de edad, con historia de dolor abdominal en epigastrio, pérdida de apetito, astenia y trastornos dispépticos de nueve meses de evolución. Los estudios de imagen informaron la presencia de cuerpos extraños en estómago correspondientes a bezoares. En el transoperatorio se evidencia además tumor en la región antropilórica. Se realizó extracción del bezoar y la gastrectomía subtotal. Conclusiones: La conducta quirúrgica en caso de fitobezoar gástrico va estar determinada por la falla o contraindicación del tratamiento médico y endoscópico.

ABSTRACT Introduction : Bezoar is defined as the accumulation of undigested foreign material found in the digestive tract of people and some animals. They are generally located in the stomach. Medical and endoscopic treatment is the one of choice, although it will also be determined by its location and its cause. Surgical treatment is reserved when there is any complication or endoscopic therapy fails. Objective : To present a clinical case of a patient with complete pyloric obstruction due to phytobezoar and anthropyloric tumor. Case report: A 54-year-old female patient with a history of abdominal pain in the epigastrium, loss of appetite, asthenia and dyspeptic disorders of nine months of evolution. Imaging studies reported the presence of foreign bodies in the stomach corresponding to bezoars. Transoperatively, a tumor is also evidenced in the anthropyloric region. Bezoar extraction and subtotal gastrectomy were performed. Conclusions : The surgical conduct in case of gastric phytobezoar will be determined by the failure or contraindication of medical and endoscopic treatment.

Results of surgical treatment of advanced gastric cancer: case series with follow-up / Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer gástrico avanzado: serie de casos con seguimiento

SUMMARY: Gastric cancer (CG) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. The best treatment option for patients with advanced GC (AGC) is still surgery, which involves performing a gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy (D2L). The aim of this study was to determine postoperative morbidity (POM) and 5-year OS in patients resected by AGC without neoadjuvant. Case series with follow-up of patients with AGC undergoing total or subtotal gastrectomies and D2L, consecutively at RedSalud Mayor Temuco Clinic, between 2008 and 2019. The outcome variables were POM and 5-year OS. Other variables of interest were surgical time, number of resected lymph nodes, hospital stay, and recurrence. Descriptive statistics was used, and Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated. In this analysis 38 patients (71.1 % men), with a median age of 65 years, were operated. The most frequent location was subcardial (50.0 %). The most frequent type of resection was total gastrectomy (60.5 %). The median of surgical time, number of resected lymph nodes and hospital stay; was 190 min, 32 and 6 days respectively. MPO was 18.4 %. With a median follow-up of 28 months, a recurrence of 44.7 % was verified; and 5-year OS for stages IIIA, IIIB and IV were 53.3 %, 46.1 % and 20.0 % respectively (p= 0,007). The results achieved, in terms of POM and OS series were similar to national and international series in which neoadjuvant therapies have not been applied.

RESUMEN: El cáncer gástrico (CG) es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer. La mejor opción terapéutica para pacientes con CG avanzado (CGA), sigue siendo la cirugía, que supone la realización de gastrectomía asociada a linfadenectomía D2 (LD2). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar morbilidad postoperatoria (MPO) y supervivencia (SV) en pacientes resecados por CGA sin neoadyuvancia. Serie de casos con seguimiento, de pacientes con CGA sometidos a gastrectomía total o subtotal con LD2, de forma consecutiva, en Clínica RedSalud Mayor Temuco, entre 2008 y 2019. Las variables resultado fueron MPO y SV actuarial global (SVAG) a 5 años. Otras variables de interés fueron: tiempo quirúrgico, número de linfonodos resecados, estancia hospitalaria y recurrencia. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, con medidas de tendencia central y dispersión; y análisis de SV con curvas de Kaplan Meier. Se intervinieron 38 pacientes (71,1 % hombres), con una mediana de edad de 65 años. La localización más frecuente fue subcardial (50,0 %); el tipo de resección más frecuente fue gastrectomía total (60,5 %). Las medianas del tiempo quirúrgico, del número de linfonodos resecados y de estancia hospitalaria; fue 190 min, 32 y 6 días respectivamente. La MPO fue 18,4 %. Con una mediana de seguimiento de 28 meses, se verificó recurrencia de 44,7 %; y SVAG a 5 años para estadios IIIA, IIIB y IV de 53,3%, 46,1 % y 20,0 % respectivamente (p=0,007). Los resultados obtenidos, en términos de MPO, mortalidad y SVAG, fueron similares a series de centros de derivación nacionales e internacionales en los que no se ha aplicado terapias neoadyuvantes.

The analysis of safety and effectiveness of different nutrition support pathways after gastrectomy / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of different nutrition support pathways after gastrectomy.Methods Clinical data of patients with gastric cancer received surgery treatment at our hospital from 2011 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into 3 groups according to different nutrition support pathways,including group A (jejunostomy),group B (intraoperative nasal-bowel tube),and group C (parenteral nutrition).Results A total of 85 patients was retrospectively analyzed,including 28 in group A,26 in group B,and 31 in group C.The exhaust time had significant difference between groups A and B (t =2.312,P =0.02),and between groups A and C (t =3.323,P =0.005).The defecation had significant difference between groups A and B(t =4.211,P =0.001),and between groups B and C(t =3.402,P =0.004).There was significant difference in the adverse effect rate(x2 =6.611,P =0.037) and in hospital stays(P ＜0.01) among 3 groups.The hospitalization expense had significant difference between groups A and C (t =4.012,P =0.001),and between groups B and C (t =5.152,P =0.001).Conclusions Nutrition support via jejunostomy after gastrectomy was better than the other two pathways in the safety and effectiveness.

Laparoscopy-Assisted Distal Gastrectomy for Early Gastric Cancer in the Elderly

PURPOSE: With an increase in life expectancy, more elderly patients are presenting with gastric cancer. As a result it is yet be resolved whether laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy is a suitable treatment for elderly patients with early gastric cancer. This study retrospectively compared surgical outcomes of laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy between elderly and nonelderly patients with gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group was comprised of 316 patients who underwent laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy between April 2005 and December 2010. Of these patients, 93 patients whose ages were 65 years or more were compared with 223 patients who were younger. RESULTS: There were no differences in the short term outcome or minor complication rate between the elderly patients and the nonelderly patients. The hospital stay was significantly longer and the major complication rate was significantly higher for the elderly patients compared with nonelderly patients. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the elderly patients had comparable operation time and blood loss with the nonelderly group. However, the safety and advantage of laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy in the elderly patients need to be further studied in higher volume trials.

Laparoscopy-Assisted Distal Gastrectomy for Early Gastric Cancer in the Elderly

PURPOSE: With an increase in life expectancy, more elderly patients are presenting with gastric cancer. As a result it is yet be resolved whether laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy is a suitable treatment for elderly patients with early gastric cancer. This study retrospectively compared surgical outcomes of laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy between elderly and nonelderly patients with gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group was comprised of 316 patients who underwent laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy between April 2005 and December 2010. Of these patients, 93 patients whose ages were 65 years or more were compared with 223 patients who were younger. RESULTS: There were no differences in the short term outcome or minor complication rate between the elderly patients and the nonelderly patients. The hospital stay was significantly longer and the major complication rate was significantly higher for the elderly patients compared with nonelderly patients. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the elderly patients had comparable operation time and blood loss with the nonelderly group. However, the safety and advantage of laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy in the elderly patients need to be further studied in higher volume trials.

Clinical application of intraoperative intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy using sustained-release .fluorouracil in radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer / 中国医师杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate clinical application of intraoperative intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy using sustained-release fluorouracil in radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer.MethodsThe clinical data of 280 advanced gastric cancer patients admitted from September,2002 to September,2010 were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into three groups randomly and followed up.The postoperative morbidity,the mortality and the overall survival rates were evaluated.ResultsThere were no significant differences in these three groups with respect to postoperative morbidity ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The incidence of recurrence in intraperitoneal chemotherapy using sustained-release fluorouracil ( treatment group) was significantly lower than those of intraperitoneal chemotherapy and operative treatment( 16.18％,37.61％ and 41.28％,P ＜0.05).The 1,3- and 5-year overall survival rates of treatment group were 85.51％,61.28％ and 53.67％,respectively,and the 1-,3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 84.11％,39.98％ and 28.12％,and 81.28％,29.88％ and 25.21％ respectively in intrapeitoneal chemotherapy group and operative group.1-year overall survival rate had no significant differences among three groups with respect to ( P＞0.05).3-and 5-year overall survival rates in treatment group were higher signfficantly than those of intraperitoneal chemotherapy and operative treatment( P＜0.05).Conclusions Intraoperative intrapeitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy using sustained-release fluorouracil is a kind of convenient,safe,and highly effective comprehensive treatment method,and it can kill isolated intraperitoneal cancer cells.It may reduce postoperative recurrence and improve survival rates.

Clinical analysis transabdominal incision total gastrctomy for gastric carcinoma in 170 cases / 临床外科杂志

Objective To investigate the indications and suitable surgical operation routes of total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma and the reconstruction procedure of digestive tract following total gastrectomy.Methods The clinical data of total gastrectomy by abdominal incision in 170 patients with GC from 1991 to 2001 were reviewed.Results Radical total gastrectomy was prfomed in 132 cases,palliative total gastrectomy in 38 cases,total gastrectomy with combined re section of other organs in 18 cases,Roux en Y esophagojejunostomy in 110 cases following total gastrectomy.Interposition with jejunum in 60 cases following total gastrectomy.There are 20 cases with dumping syndrome and 6 cases with reflux esophagitis occurring in Roux en Y esophagojejunostomy,but none of cases occurs in those by interposition with jejunum.Conclusions (1)Transabdominal incision is the better choice for patients of GC,especially gastrocardiac carcinoma.(2)The total gastrectomy can raise the survival rate and quality of life of patients with GC,if the indications are stricted.(3)Interposition with jejunum following total gastrectomy is superior to Roux en Y esophagojejunostomy.