Effects of students' satisfaction with school meal programs on school happiness in South Korea

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: School meals are not just meals consumed at school, they are part of the culture, education, and life experience at school. Nevertheless, few studies have revealed the influence of school meals on students' school lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of satisfaction with the school meal program on students' school happiness. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey conducted in December 2015 asked 2,336 students (1,062 elementary school students, 880 middle school students, and 394 high school students) about their satisfaction with the school meal program and their school happiness. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relation between the students' school meal satisfaction and their happiness level. RESULTS: The average level of satisfaction with school meals of elementary school students was 4.1 out of 5 points, comparatively higher than that of middle and high school students, with a significant difference between school levels (P < 0.001). In addition, school happiness, as well as overall happiness, of elementary school students was higher than that of middle and high school students (P < 0.001). The school meal operation factor (0.232, P < 0.001) had the most influence on students' school happiness, followed by the school meal environment factor (0.219, P < 0.001) and school meal quality factor (0.136, P < 0.001). Overall satisfaction (0.097, P = 0.001) and school meal hygiene factor (0.095, P = 0.001) also had significant influences on students' school happiness. CONCLUSIONS: Students' satisfaction with the school meal program was related to their school happiness. Therefore, plans to enhance students' satisfaction with a school meal program needs to be implemented, with emphasis on placing a priority on school meal operation and school environment factors, in order to improve students' level of happiness.

Evaluation of educational school meal programs in Gyeonggi province, South Korea / 한국영양학회지

PURPOSE: School meal programs should be part of the educational process to promote good eating habits for students. The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation scale for educational school meal programs and evaluate the achievement level of educational school meal programs using the developed scale. METHODS: The evaluation scale for educational school meal programs consisted of 23 items in eight categories and was developed using content validity ratio (CVR) analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) by 15 related experts. The results of a survey on nutrition teachers or dietitians at 91 elementary, middle, and high schools in Gyeonggi province, South Korea were analyzed to evaluate the achievement levels of educational school meal programs. RESULTS: Overall, total average score was 45.7 out of 100, with significant differences among schools (p = 0.005). Elementary schools (51.9) showed a higher average score than middle (41.5) and high schools (37.1). The score for the category of regular nutrition and dietary education was the lowest (5.7 out of 33.7). In addition, school meal environment (5 out of 10), educational activities through school meal time (9.2 out of 19), and extra-curricular experiential activities (3.5 out of 10) also showed inadequate levels. CONCLUSION: The results show that the overall level of educational school meal programs is not adequate and needs to be improved, especially at middle and high schools. Government support polices need to be implemented to encourage educational activities related to school meal programs.

O nutricionista no programa de alimentação escolar: avaliação de uma experiência de formação a partir de grupos focais / The dietician in the school food program: evaluation of a training experience based on focus groups

OBJETIVO: O estudo objetivou analisar os resultados relativos à avaliação de um Programa de Formação para Nutricionistas que atuam no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar da região Nordeste. Este programa foi desenvolvido pelo Centro Colaborador em Alimentação e Nutrição do Escolar da Universidade Federal da Bahia em parceria com o Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação, nos idos de 2007 e 2008. MÉTODOS: Os dados foram produzidos através da técnica de grupos focais com nutricionistas que participaram do Programa de Formação. Foram realizados quatro grupos focais e os dados produzidos foram organizados em duas categorias de análise: sobre a aprendizagem durante a formação e sobre a capacidade de instituição de mudanças. RESULTADOS: Os participantes eram predominantemente do sexo feminino, com idade variando entre 20 e 35 anos e haviam participado do Programa de Formação pelo menos três meses antes do estudo. Em relação à avaliação do programa de formação, pôde-se afirmar que o mesmo não apenas proporcionou um aprimoramento técnico-científico em torno dos temas pertinentes à prática profissional exigida, mas também à dimensão ético-política do trabalho. Enfatizou-se que estimulou a mobilização na perspectiva do fortalecimento da categoria, incentivou as parcerias entre os diferentes agentes e setores e fomentou o planejamento de novas ações valorizando o uso da legislação. CONCLUSÃO: A perspectiva dialógica foi marcante para os participantes, que puderam confrontar as suas realidades com as dos demais, possibilitando reflexão coletiva sobre a atuação do nutricionista no campo da alimentação escolar.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed a training program for dieticians, actors of the Brazilian School Food Program, in Northeast Brazil. This program was developed by a partnership between the Schoolchildren's Food and Nutrition Collaborator Center from the Federal University of Bahia and National Education Development Fund, from 2007 and 2008. METHODS: The focus group method was administered to dieticians who participated in the training program. Four focus groups were done and the data were organized into two categories: one about learning during the training program and one about the ability to make changes. RESULTS: Most participants were females aged 20 to 35 years. Their participation in the training program had been at least three months before the study. Assessment of the training program showed that the program improved their technical and scientific knowledge about themes related to professional practice and about the ethical and political dimension of their work. The program encouraged mobilization for possibly strengthening the category, incentivized partnerships among different agents and sectors and promoted the planning of new law-enforcement actions. CONCLUSION: The dialogical perspective was striking for the participants, enabling them to confront their realities and collectively reflect on the dietician's role in the field of school food.