RESUMEN
Objective: To establish the rapid propagation system and tissue culture techniques of Typhonium flagelliforme for large-scale seedlings. Methods: Using media with different hormones proportions, the tuber tissue was found to be a good explant for inducing asexual propagation system. Results: The callus culture medium consisted of MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L+sucrose 3%+agar 6 g/L could generate callus successfully. Medium consisted of MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 2 mg/L+sucrose 3% + agar 6 g/L was a superlative proportion of hormones concentration to generate adventitious buds efficiently, especially for higher proliferated multiples. The rooting medium consisted of 1/2 MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+IB A 0.4 mg/L+KT 0.2 mg/L+sucrose 3%+agar 6 g/L+AC 0.3 g/L was conducive to generate roots rapidly. The expiants could be acclimatized after a period of 12 to 14 weeks. Experiments of one-step-seedling formation indicated that the one-step-seedling formation medium, containing MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 1.5 mg/L+sucrose 3%+agar 6 g/L was the best proportion of hormone concentration, for 5 to 6 weeks, new plantlets could be developed, which will be acclimatized in 10 weeks. Conclusion: The tissue culture techniques and rapid propagation system of T. flagelliforme could be used for large-scale seedlings and lay a foundation for its improved breeds.
RESUMEN
O conhecimento dos requerimentos nutricionais das espécies e de suas respostas à correção do substrato é fundamental para a produção de mudas de qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes tipos de calcário e da correção da deficiência de Ca e Mg sobre o desenvolvimento de mudas de angelim-pedra (D. excelsa) em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se como substrato Latossolo Amarelo. Foram testados três tipos de calcário e fornecimento de Ca e Mg por meio de fontes não-corretivas da acidez em três relações Ca:Mg. Os tratamentos consistiram de T0 & testemunha; T1 & calcário dolomítico; T2 & calcário magnesiano; T3 & calcário calcítico; T4 & Ca e Mg na relação 3:1; T5 & Ca e Mg na relação 9:1; e T6 & Ca e Mg na relação 15:1. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, totalizando 35 parcelas, cada uma delas com 3 mudas. O substrato foi adubado com doses equivalentes a 100-250-150 e 15 kg ha-1 de N, P2O5, K2O e S, respectivamente e com solução de micronutrientes (3 mL de Chelamix L-1 de água destilada). Foram avaliadas: a altura da planta, o diâmetro do colo, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca da raiz, matéria seca total, relação raiz/parte aérea e conteúdos de nutrientes da parte aérea das plantas. De modo geral, a aplicação de calcário favoreceu o crescimento de D. excelsa, sendo os melhores resultados obtidos com a aplicação de calcário magnesiano na relação 9:1.
Knowledge of nutritional requirements of the species and their answers to correcting the substratum is fundamental for the production of quality seedlings. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the effect of different limestone types and the correction of Ca and Mg deficiency on the development of angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa) seedlings, under glasshouse conditions. We tested three types of limestone and three types of Ca:Mg provisioning on a Yellow Oxisol (with non-corrective acidity sources): T0 & control; T1 & soil limed with dolomitic lime (3:1); T2 & soil limed with magnesium lime (9:1); T3 & soil limed with calcitic lime (15:1); T4 & a mixture of calcium and magnesium, in the 3:1 proportion; T5 & calcium and magnesium, in the 9:1 proportion; and T6 & calcium and magnesium, in the 15:1 proportion. The experimental design was of random blocks, with 5 repetitions, totaling 35 parcels with 3 seedlings each. The substratum was fertilized with doses equivalent to 100-250-150 and 15 k ha-1 of N, P2O5, K2O and S respectively, and micronutrient solution (3 mL of Chelamix L-1 of distilled water). We evaluated the height, diameter of the stem, dry biomass of the aerial part, dry biomass of the root, dry biomass of the drought, aerial part/root relation and nutrient contents of the aerial part of the plants. The limestone application affected positively the height, the diameter, the matter total biomass and the absorption of Ca of the D. excelsa seedlings (p<0,05). The application of magnesium lime with Ca:Mg 9:1 proportion showed the best results.