Formação de lideranças idosas: uma estratégia para o fortalecimento do protagonismo e da participação social / Elderly leardeship formation: a strategy for strenghening protagonism and social participation

O crescente envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno demográfico que traz consigo dilemas e desafios para os que envelhecem. Dentre os desafios, pontua-se que existe um distanciamento entre os direitos dos(as) idosos(as) já conquistados ao longo de uma trajetória de luta e o que de fato se materializa no cotidiano. Diante disso, o Curso de Formação de Lideranças Idosas: participação social e protagonismo surge como uma estratégia para estimular a autonomia e o protagonismo dos(as) idosos(as) na conquista por seus direitos. O presente trabalho consiste em um relato de experiência sobre o referido curso, analisando seus significados para o grupo de idosos(as) do Trabalho Social com Idosos ­ TSI ­, na Unidade Fortaleza do Sesc. O curso foi desenvolvido através de metodologias participativas, proporcionando a troca de saberes sobre temas relacionados ao protagonismo e à participação social, fortalecendo o conhecimento sobre políticas públicas para a pessoa idosa e o controle social. Os resultados expressam o interesse dos(as) idosos(as) em conhecer e acessar seus direitos, exercitando a participação social. Observou-se a necessidade de ampliar e fortalecer espaços de discussão que propiciem à pessoa idosa a compreensão da velhice como direito e a exigência de políticas públicas para essa população, envolvendo a sociedade e demais gerações na busca por um envelhecimento digno. Nesse sentido, a formação de sujeitos sociais e políticos fortalece o controle social na construção de uma sociedade democrática, participativa e justa para todas as idades.(AU)

The growth of the age of the population is a demographic phenomenon that brings with it dilemmas and challenges for the elderly. Among the challenges, it is pointed out that there is a gap between the rights that the elderly people already conquered along the trajec- tory of struggle and what actually materializes in daily life. In view of this, the Elderly Leadership Training Course: social participation and protagonism emerges as a strategy to stimulate the autonomy and protagonism of the elderly in exercising their rights. The meanings for the group of elderly people from Social Work with the Elderly ­ TSI at Fortaleza ­ Sesc Unit. The course was developed through participatory methodologies, providing the exchange of knowledge on topics related to protagonism and social participation, strengthening knowledge about public policies for the elderly and social control. The results express the interest of the elderly in knowing and accessing their rights, exercising social participation. There was a need to expand and strengthen spaces for discussion that provide elderly people with an understanding of rights that come with old age, and the requirement for public policies for this population, involving society and other generations in the search for a dignified aging. In this sense, the formation of social and political subjects strengthens social control in the construction of a democratic, participatory and fair society for all ages.(AU)

Epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged50 years or over in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019 / 预防医学

Objective@#To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years or over in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide reference for the development of prevention and control strategies.@*Methods @#The data of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Zhejiang Province were collected through the China HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System, and the demographic characteristics, infection routes,regional distribution and time distribution of the cases were analyzed. @*Results@#A total of 6 726 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited in this study, and the number of new patients from 2015 to 2019 showed an increasing trend ( P <0.05 ) . The number of participants diagnosed at the age of 50-59, 60-69 and 70-91 years old were 3 433( 51.04% ), 2 242 ( 33.33% ) and 1 051 ( 15.63% ). The majority of them were males ( 5 180, 77.01% ) , married ( 4 286, 63.72% ) , Zhejiang residents ( 5 304, 78.86% ) , and lived in rural areas ( 4 095, 60.88% ) . In terms of exposure history,6 586 cases ( 97.92% ) were infected by sexual contact. Among the 5 083 males infected by sexual contact, 82.63% were through heterosexual contact, 94.79% had extramarital sex partners, among whom 76.61% were commercial sex partners. The married women patients who confirmed HIV positive accounted for 75.44%. There were increasing trends in the proportion of the cases living in rural areas, male cases infected through heterosexual contact and those with extramarital and commercial sex partners, and female cases with their husbands positive along with age ( P <0.05 ) . @*Conclusions@#The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 years is increasing in Zhejiang Province. Many of them live in rural areas. Commercial sexual contact is the main route of HIV transmission among males and further lead to HIV transmission within couples.

Relationship Between Xerostomia and Hyposalivation in Senior Chilean People

ABSTRACT: Background: Hyposalivation is an objective decrease in salivary flow and it can produce xerostomia; which is a subjective sensation of dry mouth, common condition in senior population. Objectives: To identify the association between xerostomia and hyposalivation and its risk factors in people aged 60 years and older, and to investigate the association with medications, habits and other oral complications. Methods: 211 participants were included. Xerostomia data was collected using a validated Spanish-Xerostomia Inventory (XI-sp). Unstimulated whole-salivary flow rates were measured to detect hyposalivation. Results were analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. p <.05. Results: No significant association was detected between Xerostomia and Hyposalivation (p=.0666). Xerostomia 84.3%(p=.036) and hyposalivation 81.4%(p=.004) occur more frequently in women. A significant association was found between hyposalivation with the female gender (OR = 2.46, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19-5.11, p=0.015); denture stomatitis (OR=3.71, 95% CI:1.03-13.3, p=0.045) and atrophic glossitis (OR=3.72, 95% CI:1.78-8.1, p=0.001). Only female gender (OR=2.54; 95% CI:1.19-5.43, p=0.016) was significantly associated with xerostomia. Conclusions: No statistically significant association was found between hyposalivation and xerostomia. A significant association was found between oral candidiasis, denture stomatitis and the atrophic tongue with hyposalivation. Being woman was a risk factor for xerostomia and hyposalivation.