Risk prediction models of dangerous behaviors among patients with severe mental disorder in community / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundThe occurrence rate of dangerous behaviors in patients with severe mental disorders is higher than that of the general population. In China， there is limited research on the prediction of dangerous behaviors in community-dwelling patients with severe mental disorders， particularly in terms of predicting models using data mining techniques other than traditional methods. ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of dangerous behaviors in community-dwelling patients with severe mental disorders and testing whether the classification decision tree model is superior to the Logistic regression model. MethodsA total of 11 484 community-dwelling patients with severe mental disorders who had complete follow-up records from 2013 to 2022 were selected on December 2023. The data were divided into a training set （n=9 186） and a testing set （n=2 298） in an 8∶2 ratio. Logistic regression and classification decision trees were separately used to establish predictive models in the training set. Model discrimination and calibration were evaluated in the testing set. ResultsDuring the follow-up period， 1 115 cases （9.71%） exhibited dangerous behaviors. Logistic regression results showed that urban residence， poverty， guardianship， intellectual disability， history of dangerous behaviors， impaired insight and positive symptoms were risk factors for dangerous behaviors （OR=1.778， 1.459， 2.719， 1.483， 3.890， 1.423， 2.528， 2.124， P<0.01）. Being aged ≥60 years， educated， not requiring prescribed medication and having normal social functioning were protective factors for dangerous behaviors （OR=0.594， 0.824， 0.422， 0.719， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The predictive effect in the testing set showed an area under curve （AUC） of 0.729 （95% CI： 0.692~0.766）， accuracy of 70.97%， sensitivity of 59.71%， and specificity of 72.05%. The classification decision tree results showed that past dangerous situations， positive symptoms， overall social functioning score， economic status， insight， household registration， disability status and age were the influencing factors for dangerous behaviors. The predictive effect in the testing set showed an AUC of 0.721 （95% CI： 0.705~0.737）， accuracy of 68.28%， sensitivity of 64.46%， and specificity of 68.60%. ConclusionThe classification decision tree does not have a greater advantage over the logistic regression model in predicting the risk of dangerous behaviors in patients with severe mental disorders in the community. ［Funded by Chengdu Medical Research Project （number， 2020052）］

Inclusión social de persona con trastorno mental en situación de calle: una intervención comunitaria

Introducción: Experiencia de una comunidad de barrio capitalino (Asunción-Paraguay), movilizada por la grabación de un corto documental a cargo de estudiantes de cinematografía, que inician un proceso de participación para mejorar la calidad de vida de una persona con trastornos mentales y discapacidad psicosocial en situación de calle, logrando su inclusión social. Objetivo : Identificar los elementos claves que favorecieron la participación comunitaria, derivando en el proceso de reinserción social de una persona con trastorno mental y discapacidad psicosocial para contribuir con estrategias innovadoras de modelos de atención basados en la comunidad con enfoque de derechos humanos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo de diseño narrativo, utilizando datos de la historia de una persona y la experiencia de una comunidad para describir, analizar e identificar elementos que se consideran claves para los resultados logrados. La experiencia comunitaria fue observada y registrada de cerca durante más de 4 años. Resultado: Participación comunitaria activa en torno a un objetivo colectivo impulsado por un proyecto cinematográfico logrando la reinserción social de una persona con trastorno mental o discapacidad psicosocial que se encontraba en situación de calle. Conclusión : El cine o arte generan un impacto emocional y sensibilizador que acompañados con estrategias sostenibles; facilitación, tecnología, recursos económicos, lugares de residencia o acogida, acompañamiento; permiten aprovechar y movilizar recursos comunitarios, con participación y enfoque de derechos humanos. El resultado en este caso es la inclusión social de una persona con trastornos mentales y discapacidad psicosocial, que se encontraba en el extremo de exclusión social: vida en calle por más de 20 años.

Introduction : Experience of a community from a neighborhood of the Capital City (Asunción-Paraguay), mobilized by the recording of a Short Documentary by cinematography students, who begin a process of participation to improve the quality of life of a person with mental disorders and psychosocial disabilities who are homeless, achieving their social inclusion. Objective : Identify the key elements that allowed community participation and the social reintegration process of a person with a mental disorder or psychosocial disability to contribute with innovative strategies of community-based care models with a human rights approach. Materials and Methods : A qualitative type study of narrative design, using data from a person's story and the experience of a community to describe, analyze and identify the key elements to the results achieved. The community experience was closely observed and recorded for more than 4 years. Results : active community participation around a collective objective driven by a film project, achieving the reintegration and social rehabilitation of a person with mental disorder who was in street situation. Conclusion : Cinema or art generates an emotional and sensitizing impact that, accompanied by sustainable strategies; facilitation, technology, economic resources, places of residence or reception, support; allows taking advantage of and mobilizing community resources, with participation and a human rights approach. The result in this case is the social inclusion of a person with mental disorders or psychosocial disabilities who was at the extreme of social exclusion; street life for more than 20 years.

Factors affecting physical examinations among patients with severe mental disorders in Shaoxing City / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the proportion of physical examinations among patients with severe mental disorders and its influencing factors in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for improving the proportion of physical examinations among patients with severe mental disorders. @*Methods @#The epidemiological and clinical features of patients with severe mental disorders included in community management in Shaoxing City in 2022 were collected from Zhejiang Provincial Severe Mental Disorder Management Information System, including demographics, disease diagnosis and treatment, physical examination, and rescue and assistance. Factors affecting the physical examination were identified among patients with severe mental disorders using a multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@#A total of 25 468 patients with severe mental disorders were enrolled in Shaoxing City in 2022, including 12 151 males and 13 317 females, with a male to female ratio of 0.91∶1, and the participants had a mean age of (54.34±14.71) years. Schizophrenia was the predominant type of severe mental disorders (15 419 cases, 60.54%), and 21 374 subjects participating in the physical examinations in 2022 (83.92%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=0.901, 95%CI: 0.832-0.975), urban areas (OR=0.506, 95%CI: 0.468-0.547), mental disorders due to epilepsy (OR=1.779, 95%CI: 1.104-2.866), hospitalized treatment (6 to 10 times, OR=0.523, 95%CI: 0.401-0.681; 11 times and more, OR=0.177, 95%CI: 0.108-0.288), special diseases in outpatient (OR=1.738, 95%CI: 1.597-1.891), receiving medical assistance (OR=2.851, 95%CI: 2.616-3.107), targets of the community care and assistance groups (OR=1.653, 95%CI: 1.471-1.857) and guardian (spouse, OR=1.777, 95%CI: 1.513-2.086; children, OR=1.277, 95%CI: 1.069-1.526; parents, OR=1.342, 95%CI: 1.143-1.576) were statistically associated with the proportion of physical examinations. @*Conclusions@#The proportion of health examinations was 83.92% among patients with severe mental disorders in Shaoxing City in 2022. Gender, residence, guardian, disease diagnosis, times of hospitalized treatment, medical assistance, special diseases in outpatients and target of community care and assistance groups were factors affecting health examinations among patients with severe mental disorders.

Closed-loop management strategies for patients with severe mental disorder complicated with COVID-19 infection / 四川精神卫生

With the fluctuating condition of the COVID-19 epidemic， the current findings remain unclear about the preventive measures and coping strategies for patients with severe mental disorders at the nodes of the transmission chain. Past experience in prevention and control has shown that establishing an effective system for emerging infectious disease prevention and control and establishing transitional wards in specialist mental healthcare institutions play a significant role in reducing the risk of epidemic transmission. However， there is no formulated strategy for the management of patients with severe mental disorders and COVID-19 infection who have recurrent or worsened mental symptoms during the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 and are unable to cooperate with the treatment in Fangcang shelter hospitals or infectious wards. Based on the field research in the front line of the epidemic prevention， this paper discusses the management strategies of patients with severe mental disorders and COVID-19 infection in the context of the practical difficulties in managing patients with severe mental disorders and COVID-19 infection， emergency management strategies， protective conditions for front-line psychiatric medical staff and the legal basis for the management of patients with severe mental disorders and COVID-19 infection in emergency situations.

La construcción de la identidad en el trastorno mental severo: estudio discursivo en Radio Nikosia

Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio es describir las estructuras textuales que manifiestan la construcción de una nueva identidad social a través del análisis del discurso de las personas con un trastorno mental severo de Radio Nikosia en Barcelona. Se seleccionaron sus testimonios haciendo la transcripción de un total de 3 programas de radio, 7 reportajes y una entrevista recopilados del año 2008 al 2016. El análisis de la información uso la taxonomía de identidades como herramienta manual para el análisis de los datos textuales mediante una metodología cualitativa. Los resultados muestran diferentes tipologías de identidades desarrollando un proceso de categorización que puede tener implicaciones en el desarrollo de proyectos de intervención social, en los que se produce un proceso de empoderamiento que paradójicamente, no les aleja del estigma social ni de procesos que controlan la construcción de la locura de acuerdo con la lógica cognitiva dominante.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the textual structures that manifest the construction of a new social identity through the analysis of the discourse of people with a severe mental disorder on Radio Nikosia in Barcelona. Their testimonies were selected by transcribing a total of 3 radio programs, 7 reports and an interview collected from 2008 to 2016. The information analysis used the identity taxonomy as a manual tool for the analysis of textual data through a qualitative methodology. The results show different types of identities developing a categorization process that may have implications in the development of social intervention projects, in which an empowerment process is produced that paradoxically does not remove them from social stigma or from processes that control construction. of insanity according to the dominant cognitive logic.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é descrever as estruturas textuais que manifestam a construção de uma nova identidade social por meio da análise do discurso de pessoas com transtorno mental grave na Rádio Nikosia de Barcelona. Seus depoimentos foram selecionados por meio da transcrição de um total de 3 programas de rádio, 7 reportagens e uma entrevista coletada de 2008 a 2016. A análise das informações utilizou a taxonomia de identidade como ferramenta manual para a análise de dados textuais por meio de metodologia qualitativa. Os resultados mostram diferentes tipos de identidades desenvolvendo um processo de categorização que pode ter implicações no desenvolvimento de projetos de intervenção social, em que se produz um processo de empoderamento que paradoxalmente não as retira do estigma social ou dos processos que controlam a construção da loucura segundo a lógica cognitiva dominante.

Intervention effect of family support services in Changning district of Shanghai on family members of patients with severe mental disorders / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To explore the effect of family support service intervention on improving the rehabilitation of patients with severe mental disorders in community and the mental health status and family burden of family members. Methods Using multi-stage random sampling method, 100 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of severe mental disorders were randomly selected from two communities, and then 100 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of severe mental disorders were randomly matched according to gender, age and diagnosis in other communities into the control group. The control group and intervention group were set up strictly according to the inclusion criteria of patients and their families. Results The average age of the 200 groups was (48.27±12.67) years, and the average age of the family members was (63.61±13.19) years. After intervention, the activity dailyliving scale (ADL) scores of the control group were higher than those of the intervention group at all time points (all P0.05). After intervention, the SCL-90(self-reporting inventory) scores of the mental health of the family members in the control group were higher than those in the intervention group at all times (all P<0.05). After intervention, the family burden scale of diseases (FBS) scores of the control group were higher than those of the intervention group at all time points (all P<0.05). Conclusions The intervention measures did improve the rehabilitation effect of severe mental disorder patients in community and the psychological and family burden of family members. A professional family support service team should be established.

Relación entre el funcionamiento de un hogar/residencia protegida para personas con trastorno mental severo, el apoyo social del cuidador y las habilidades de la vida diaria de los residentes / Relation between the functioning of sheltered housing/supported home for people with severe mental disorder, the social support of the caregiver and the daily life skills of the residents

Residential programs fulfill an important role in the overall operation of the people with severe mental disorders and they are considered promoters of the improvements observed in them. The study is aimed on determining the relation between the operation of a protected home/residence and the social support of the caregivers, with the daily life skills of the residents. Method: 122 users that reside in protected homes and residences from the Maule and Biobío Regions were interviewed, as well as 30 caregivers/monitors that worked in those places. Results: Both age and gender of the residents shows no significant relation with "skills of the overall daily life". However, a relation was found between the age of the residents and the subscale "activity and social relationships": the older the age, the lesser activity and social relationships of the users. Regarding the restrictiveness variable of the device, it was found that the lesser restrictiveness, the greater basic skills of the daily life of the residents was presented, especially in areas such as domestic and community skills. A relation between daily life skills of the residents and the perceived social support was not found. Nevertheless, a greater perception of social support, greater "activity and social relationships" of the users that reside in Protected Homes and Residences was observed. Conclusions: The restrictiveness of the device by being a relevant variable for daily life skills of the residents must be taken into account in the organization and structure of the residential programs in Chile.

Los programas residenciales cumplen un rol importante en el funcionamiento general de las personas con trastornos mentales severos y son considerados favorecedores de las mejoras observadas en ellos. El estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre el funcionamiento de un hogar/residencia protegida y el apoyo social de los cuidadores, con las habilidades de la vida diaria de los residentes. Método: Fueron entrevistados 122 usuarios que viven en hogares y residencias protegidas de las regiones del Maule y Bío Bío, además de 30 cuidadores/monitores que trabajaban en el lugar. Resultados: La edad y el sexo de los residentes no muestran una relación significativa con las "habilidades de la vida diaria general". Sin embargo, se encontró relación entre la edad de los residentes y la sub escala "actividad y relaciones sociales"; a mayor edad, menor actividad y relaciones sociales de los usuarios. Respecto de la variable restrictividad del dispositivo se encontró que a menor restrictividad mayores habilidades básicas de la vida diaria en los residentes, especialmente en áreas como "habilidades domésticas" y "habilidades comunitarias". No se encontró relación entre las habilidades de la vida diaria de los residentes y el apoyo social percibido. No obstante, se vio que a mayor percepción de apoyo social, mayor "actividad y relaciones sociales" de los usuarios que viven en hogares y residencias protegidas. Conclusiones: La restrictividad del dispositivo al ser una variable relevante en las habilidades de la vida diaria de los residentes, debe ser considerada en la organización y estructura de los programas residenciales en Chile.

Estudio psicométrico del Cuestionario Sevilla para valorar la calidad de vida en personas con trastornos mentales severos, en una muestra chilena / Psychometric study of Seville questionnaire, for the assessment of quality of life in a Chilean sample of people with severe mental disorder

Objective: To describe psychometric properties of Seville Quality of Life Questionnaire in a Chilean sample of people with severe mental disorder. Methods: The validity of the instrument was evaluated by a panel of referees to be applied, afterwards, in a sample of 183 people diagnosed as suffering severe mental disorder (mostly schizophrenia). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha Results: We found good results in the two dimensions of the instrument (favorable and unfavorable) both in its item-dimension correlation and its consistency. The analysis of specific factors within each dimension was not consistent with the findings of the authors of the questionnaire, therefore we recommend using only its two main dimensions. Conclusions: Seville questionnaire is useful for the assessing quality of life in people suffering severe mental disorders.

Objetivo. Describir las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario Sevilla de Calidad de Vida en una muestra chilena de personas con un diagnóstico de trastorno mental severo. Material y Método. En primer lugar se analizó la validez de contenido por un conjunto de jueces y se hicieron pequeñas modificaciones semánticas al instrumento original. Posteriormente, se aplicó a una muestra de 183 personas con diagnóstico de algún trastorno mental severo (en su gran mayoría esquizofrenia): 104 varones y 79 mujeres, con un promedio de edad en 40,2 ± 12,0 años. Resultados. Se encontraron buenos resultados en el estudio de las dos dimensiones que posee en instrumento (aspectos favorables y aspectos desfavorables), tanto en la correlación ítem _ dimensión como en el estudio de su consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach). El estudio de factores específicos dentro de cada dimensión no fue concordante con lo descrito por los autores del cuestionario, por lo que se recomienda sólo el análisis de sus dos grandes dimensiones. Conclusión. Este cuestionario es útil para la valoración de la calidad de vida en personas que padecen un trastorno mental severo.