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Introduction: The Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) are a vulnerable population and need special at-tention in fight against the HIV/AIDS. The HIV trend has been an increasing trend among MSM. Methodology: It’s a facility based cross sectional study undertaken in the Targeted Intervention sites in Hyderabad, Telangana. A total of 300 Men who have Sex with Men who are above 18 years of age and registered were included. All the MSM visiting the TI centers during the study period were interviewed by using a pre-designed, pre-tested, semi structured and pre-coded proforma. Results: Majority of participants 119(39.66%) had their first sexual encounter at the age of 15-17 years. 130(43.33%) visited the Target Intervention centers 1-2 times during the last month. About half of the participants i.e., 141(47.00%) belongs to Kothi Group and most of the MSM i.e., 198(66.00%) used con-dom during the sex with male last time. Conclusions: Stigma and cultural intolerance of same-sex relations are often largely to blame for rising epidemics, and until these issues are addressed it will be difficult to make headway in reducing HIV in-fection levels among MSM - which, in turn, will hinder the wider global efforts to manage HIV and AIDS.
RESUMEN
Background: Pregnancy is the term used to describe the period in which a foetus develops in the uterus and lasts 40 weeks measured from the last menstrual period. Anatomic and physiologic changes in pregnant women usually make couples to change their emotional and sexual activities that may impact childbirth. There are few studies in our setting that describe the roles of sexual practice during pregnancy and maternal-foetal outcomes of childbirth.Objective of this study aimed at assessing the benefits of sexual practice during pregnancy in a target population and to assess the outcome.Methods: We carried out a comparative cross-sectional study from February 2018 to May 2018, at the maternity of Laquintinie Hospital in Douala. Socio-demographic, obstetric, sexual history in pregnancy, birth and neonatal data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted at a 95% confidence interval.Results: A total of 300 respondents completed study and 69.6% were favourable to sexual intercourse during pregnancy. Induction or augmentation of labour was common in the unfavourable group [OR: 2.52 (1.53-4.15); p=0.004]. Almost one in two participants gave birth by caesarean section and the indications for caesarean section were similar in both groups. Participants without sexual intercourse in pregnancy had a 9-fold increased risk of perineal tears [OR: 8.99 (4.02-10.1); p=0.001] and 5.4-fold risk of cervical tears [OR: 5.44 (2.44-8.73); p=0.0001].Conclusions: Sexual practice in pregnancy appears to be protective against excessive use of oxytocin, perineal and cervical tears.
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Resumen En las relaciones sexuales de jóvenes, las variables asociadas al uso del condón son diversas y comúnmente se presentan con otras variables que, a su vez, se asocian con la práctica sexual desprotegida. Los objetivos de este estudio consistieron en determinar en qué medida la percepción de autoeficacia, la baja percepción de riesgo y el rechazo del uso del condón se relacionan con el uso del condón en las relaciones sexuales de jóvenes colombianos. Participaron en él 308 estu diantes universitarios de la ciudad de Cúcuta, Colombia. Los resultados indican correlaciones significativas en hombres entre el uso del condón y la percepción de autoeficacia, y correlaciones negativas en mujeres entre el uso del condón, la baja percepción de riesgo y el rechazo del uso del condón. Solo en el grupo de hombres, la percepción de autoeficacia predice el uso del condón.
Abstract In the sexual relations of the youth, the variables associated with condom use are diverse and are often presented with other variables, that are also associated with unprotected sexual practice. This study aimed to determine to what extent the perception of self-efficacy, low risk perception and condom use shunning are associated with condom use in sexual relations of young Colom bians. 308 university students in the city of Cúcuta, Colombia, participated in the study. The results indicate significant correlations in men between condom use and self-efficacy perception and negative correlations in women between condom use, low risk perception and condom use shunning. Only in the male groups, the perception of self-efficacy predicts condom use.
RESUMEN
Introducción: la sexualidad, y el consumo de alcohol y drogas en los adolescentes, figuran en la actualidad como uno de los asuntos con mayor prioridad para la salud pública. La preocupación radica en reducir los riesgos de infecciones de transmisión sexual, el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y los embarazos tempranos no deseados. Objetivo: analizar las prácticas sexuales bajo el efecto de alcohol y otras drogas, y los riesgos que esto implica, en los adolescentes de la ciudad de Medellín. Métodos: la muestra se estableció mediante método probabilístico aleatorio y por conglomerados. El universo correspondió al número total de estudiantes matriculados en colegios públicos y privados de la ciudad de Medellín de 8vo., 9no., 10mo. y 11no. grados, en el año 2010 (91 857 estudiantes) con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y 17 años. El tamaño muestral incluido fue de 955 estudiantes usando un intervalo de confianza de 95. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, transversal para conocer las prácticas sexuales bajo el efecto de alcohol u otras drogas, y los riesgos que corren los adolescentes. Se establecieron frecuencias, porcentajes y asociaciones estadísticas con el programa SPSS, versión 19.0 Resultados: consumir alcohol u otras drogas y tener prácticas sexuales presenta una asociación estadística significativa (p= 0,000). El 62,4 % de los adolescentes que han consumido una sustancia psicoactiva, han tenido relaciones sexuales, frente a un 29,4 % que, habiendo consumido alcohol y otras drogas, no lo han hecho. El alcohol es la droga más usada (79,8 %). Le siguen la marihuana (31,83 %), poppers (8,97 %), la cocaína (7,75 %) y el éxtasis (5,71 %). Las prácticas sexuales más frecuentes bajo el efecto de sustancias psicoactivas son las exploratorias (manoseo, caricias), para un 71,02 %, seguida de la penetrativa vaginal (63,67 %), el sexo oral (45,30 %) y la masturbación (19,59 %). De los adolescentes que tienen prácticas sexuales (N= 561) bajo el efecto de las drogas, el 12,47 % no han usado métodos de protección, y las consecuencias más significativas han sido las infecciones de trasmisión sexual (2,0 %) y el embarazo no deseado (2,8 %). No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p= 0,711) entre tener relaciones sexuales bajo el efecto de alcohol o estar sobrios, y el uso de métodos de protección. Conclusiones: se constata lo evidenciado en otras investigaciones, sobre la frecuente asociación entre el consumo de drogas y las prácticas sexuales en adolescentes. Lo que aporta de nuevo este estudio, es dar cuenta del tipo de prácticas bajo el efecto de sustancias psicoactivas, muchas de ellas no exentas de riesgo, y reforzar la necesidad de incluir en los programas de prevención para sexo seguro, acciones para minimizar los daños de tener prácticas sexuales bajo el efecto de sustancias psicoactivas.
Introduction: sexuality, and alcohol and drug consumption by adolescents currently appear as high priority issues for the public health. The concern lies in reducing the risks of sexually transmitted infections, the human immunodeficiency virus and the early unwanted pregnancies. Objectives: to analyze the sexual behaviors under the effect of alcohol and other drug consumption and the inherent risks in adolescents living in Medellin city. Methods: the sample was selected through the random and cluster probabilistic method. The universe of study covered the total number of 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th students from the public and private schools of Medellin in 2010. The age of the 91 857 students ranged 14 to 17 years. The final sample included 955 students, using a 95 % confidence interval. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to find out the sexual practices and risks of adolescents under the influence of alcohol and other drug consumption. The SPSS program, version 19.0 served to set frequencies, percentages and statistical associations. Results: taking alcohol or other drugs and having sexual intercourse exhibit a significant statistical association (p=0.000). In the study group, 62.4 % of the adolescents who had taken some psychoactive substances had sexual intercourse whereas 29.4% who had also taken alcohol and other drugs had not. Alcohol was the most used drug (79.8%), followed by marihuana (31.83 %), poppers (8.97 %), cocaine (7.75 %) and ecstasy (5.71 %). The most frequent sexual practices under the above-mentioned conditions were exploratory ones such as body touching and caressing (71.02 %); vaginal penetration (63.67 %), oral sex (45.30 %) and masturbation (19.59 %). Of those adolescents who had sexual practices (n= 561) under the influence of drugs, 12.47 % were unprotected, being sexually transmitted diseases (2 %) and unwanted pregnancy (2.8 %) the main consequences. There was no statistically significant association (p= 0.711) between having sexual intercourse under the effect of alcohol or not and the use of sexual protection methods. Conclusions: the study confirmed the results of other research studies about the frequent association between the drug consumption and the sexual practices of adolescents. The new contributions of this study were to show the types of sexual practices under the effect of psychoactive substances, many of which are not risk-free, and to stress the need of including further actions in the preventive programs for safe sex, in order to minimize the harms that the sexual practice under the effect of these substances consumption may cause.
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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 3 559 personas (15-35 años de edad), con vistas a caracterizar los conocimientos, las actitudes y prácticas sexuales y su relación con las manifestaciones de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y el sida en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba. De los integrantes de la casuística, 46,4 % de quienes iniciaron sus relaciones sexuales a los 10-14 años y 82,0 % de quienes las tuvieron con personas del mismo sexo, eran varones. Respecto al condón, 18,6 % de las mujeres y 17,6 % de los hombres refirieron haberlo usado en sus primeras relaciones sexuales; pero nunca lo utilizaron 31,8 y 30,2 % de los que practicaron coito anal y vaginal, respectivamente. Entre las prácticas sexuales predominaron la penetración vaginal (94,6 %) y el sexo oral (62,0 %). La tasa de no respuesta y no participación fue de 18 %, con un intervalo de confianza de 95 %.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 3 559 people (15-35 years old) was carried out, with the objective of characterizing the knowledge, attitudes and sexual practices and their relation to the manifestations of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS in Santiago de Cuba province. From the members of the case material, 46,4 % of those who began their sexual relations at 10-14 years and 82,0 % of those who began them with persons of the same sex, were males. Regarding condom, 18,6 % of the women and 17,6 % of the men, referred to have used it in their first sexual relations; but 31,8 and 30,2 % of those who practiced anal and vaginal coitus never used it. Among the sexual practices, vaginal penetration (94,6 %) and oral sex (62,0 %) prevailed. The rate for no answer and no participation was 18 %, with a confidence interval of 95 %.
RESUMEN
Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujo objeto de estudo consiste na análise da prática dos universitários acerca da contracepção e controle das DSTS/HIV/AIDS. E teve como objetivo identificar o método contraceptivo de preferência no universo dos universitários, bem como descobrir os aspectos que pesam na hora dessa escolha e se há relação na escolha desse método contraceptivo com a prevenção das doenças. Os resultados alertam para a necessidade de mudanças na atitude dos futuros profissionais de saúde, seja na maneira atual de ensino, seja no modo de oferecer suporte para que estes realmente entendam a importância e necessidade das práticas sexuais seguras, associadas ao uso de métodos contraceptivos.
Descriptive research of qualitative approach, with the study object about college medicine and nursing students concerning the contraceptive choice and DST/SIDA control. Identifying the contraceptive method choice between these graduating, and to evidence if they associate the methods to the prevention of the DST's/SIDA or not. The data were collected by semi-structured interviews in ribbon cassette. The produced data were reorganized and analyzed based on theoretical referencial. Results alert for changes in students attitudes needs either in current education way, to offer support so that they really understand the importance and necessity of safe sexual practical, and associates contraceptive methods to sexual diseases, HIV/AIDS control beyond planned pregnancy prevention.
Investigación descriptiva cualitativo sobre el conocimento de los estudiantes de infermage e medicina de la universidad y de cuidado referentes la opción anticonceptiva y al control de DST/SIDA. Identificando la opción anticonceptiva del método entre éstos que gradúan, y la evidencia si ellos métodos del associate a la prevención del DST's/SIDA o no. Los datos fueron recogidos por entrevistas semi structuralized en cassette de cinta. Los datos producidos foran reorganizados y analizados basado en referencial teórico. Los resultados alertan para cambio de las actitudes de los estudiantes, de la educación de modo que realmente entiendan la importancia y la necesidad de práctico sexual seguro, y a los métodos anticonceptivos asociados a enfermedades sexuales, control de HIV/SIDA y prevención del embarazo.
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Conducta Anticonceptiva , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Estudiantes , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/prevención & control , Condones , Conducta Anticonceptiva/psicología , Investigación Cualitativa , Conducta Sexual , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Se revisa el tema de las consecuencias físicas que la práctica sexual puede acarrear sobre las diferentes estructuras genitales y anorrectales de la mujer.
ABSTRACT Physical consequences of different modalities of sexual practice on female genital and anorectal structures are reviewed