Evaluation of Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Dentistry Students

Abstract Objective: To evaluate sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in undergraduate dentistry students. Material and Methods: This research is characterized as an observational study of transversal type, having analysed undergraduate students in dentistry from a public university in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The sample consisted of 325 students enrolled between the 1st and 10th academic semester. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while excessive daytime sleepiness was analysed through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The t-Student and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the numerical values, with the F-test (ANOVA) or the Kruskal-Wallis test being used to compare more than two categories. Results: It was observed that 71.1% of students presented a poor sleep quality, with more than half of the students exhibiting excessive daytime sleepiness (58.1%). A relationship between sleep quality and the academic semester was verified. However, gender and age were not associated with sleep quality or with excessive daytime sleepiness. Conclusion: A high prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness was observed among undergraduate students in dentistry. The data suggest that the undergraduate degree in Dentistry can influence the students' quality of sleep, regardless of age or gender.

The clinical observation of the repletion and depletion acupuncture combined with Wumei pill for the sleep disorders after stroke / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective In order to evaluate the clinical curative effect of double repletion and depletion acupuncture combined with Wumei pill for the sleep disorders after stroke.Methods A total of 150 patients of sleep disorders after stroke that accorded with the inclusion criteria was randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.Thirteen patients were off loss in the study with 8.7％.And a total of 137 patients completed the protocol,including 70 in the treatment group and 67 in the control group.Both groups were treated with basic treatment.Besides,the treatment group added the treatment of double repletion and depletion acupuncture combined with Wumei pill;while the control group Estazolam tablet.There were 2 weeks for one course and 2 courses in total with 6 months follow-up.The PSQI,neurokinetic energy assessment and cognitive impairment were evaluated after treatment and 6 months follow-up.After treatment,plasma 5-HT and BDNF level were detected and clinical curative effect was observed.Results The PSQI score after treatment (6.3 ± 0.9 vs.9.3 ± 1.1,t=-3.424) 6 months followed up (4.2 ± 0.3 vs.7.5 ± 0.4,t=-3.675) in the treatment group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The NIHSS score after treatment (8.2 ± 1.0 vs.11.4 ± 1.0,t=-4.557) and 6 months followed up (5.1 ± 0.5 vs.7.6 ± 0.9,t=-3.135) in treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (P＜0.05).The MMSE score after treatment (22.7 ± 2.9 vs.18.3 ± 2.8,t=-4.691) and 6 months followed up (25.0 ± 2.6 vs.21.5 ± 2.6,t=-4.902) in treatment group were significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,the level of 5-HT (131.85 ± 11.72 ng/ml vs.101.21 ± 10.23 ng/ml,t=0.014) and BDNF (45.17 ± 6.03 ng/ml vs.38.46 ± 5.28 ng/ml,t=5.406) in treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,the treatment group effective rate was 92.9％ (65/70) and 81.6％ (54/67) in the control group.The difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.644,P=0.008).Conclusions The double repletion and depletion of acupuncture combined with Wumei pill can improve the sleep quality and cognitive behavior of patients with post-stroke sleep disorders.The possible mechanism is related with improvement of the expression level of 5-HT and BDNF.