A morphometric study of adult human trachea in West Bengal population

Background: Keeping in view the great variations in different dimensions of the human trachea and its remarkable clinical importance, the present work was undertaken. It included the study of dimensions of adult trachea of both sexes in West Bengal population. In addition, an effort was made to establish their relationship with selected external measurements. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study on 60 cadavers. Relatively disease-free fresh adult cadavers were selected from West Bengal population. Study variables were tracheal length, internal transverse diameter and internal anteroposterior diameter. Selected external measurements were height and sternal length. Results: In males, the highest correlation was observed between tracheal length and height (r = 0.800), and tracheal length and sternal length (r = 0.799). In females, the highest correlation coefficient was found between tracheal length and height (r = 0.809). Conclusion: Different formulae were obtained by linear regression with all measurements being in centimeters. Therefore, it is possible to predict the tracheal dimensions from simple external measurements.

The correlation of esophageal body length with measure of external body parameters / Correlación de la longitud del cuerpo esofágico con medida de parámetros corporales externos

There is disagreement as to whether there is a correlation between esophageal body length and that of various measurable external body parameters. This length has also been noted to vary in various disease states of the upper gastrointestinal tract and among various races. To our knowledge no such study has been published amongst an African population and Kenyans in particular. The purpose of this study was to determine how the length of the esophagus correlates with various external body parameters. This was a cross-sectional observational study at the endoscopy unit of Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). All consenting patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (OGD) at KNH. 76 subjects undergoing flexible esophagoscopy were evaluated. 43 were male. The mean esophageal length was 22.2 cm (SD 2.63). Males had a longer esophagus than women. The esophageal length had a negative correlation with weight of individual and body mass index. There was a positive correlation between esophageal length versus height of the individual and the sternal length. Individual's height is the parameter that best correlates with the esophageal body length.

Hay desacuerdo en cuanto a si existe una correlación entre la longitud del cuerpo esofágico y la de varios parámetros corporales externos medibles. Esta longitud se ha observado que varía en diferentes estados de enfermedades del tracto gastrointestinal superior y entre distintas razas. Según la literatura consultada, ningún estudio de este tipo se ha publicado, en particular, entre una población de África y Kenia. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar cómo la longitud del esófago se correlaciona con diversos parámetros corporales externos. Se realizó un estudio observacional y transversal en la Unidad de Endoscopía del Hospital Nacional Kenyatta (KNH). Todos los pacientes sometidos consintieron a la la endoscopía digestiva alta (OGD) en KNH. Fueron evaluados76 pacientes sometidos a endoscopía flexible. (43 eran hombres). La longitud promedio del esófago fue de 22,2 cm (DE 2,63). Los hombres tuvieron un esófago más largo que las mujeres. La longitud del esófago tuvo una correlación negativa con el peso del individuo y su índice de masa corporal. Hubo una correlación positiva entre la longitud del esófago en comparación con la altura de la persona y la longitud esternal. La altura individual es el parámetro que mejor se correlaciona con la longitud del cuerpo esofágico.

The Depth of Insertion for Left-Sided Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tube is Correlated with the Height and the Length of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGREOUND: When a double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) is used for one-lung ventilation, its position should be accurate. But only a few studies has been performed about how to predict the depth of insertion for DLT preoperatively. The purpose of this study is to investigate which physical measurements are correlated with the depth of insertion for left-sided DLT and how the depth of insertion for DLT can be explained with these physical measurements. METHODS: After placing a 5 cm-high pillow under the patient's head, we intubated left-sided disposable DLT (BronchocathTM, Mallinckrodt medical Ltd, USA) in 65 adults. We tape-measured sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) length and sternal length. We positioned the proximal margin of the bronchial cuff of DLT just below carinal bifurcation through fiberoptic bronchoscope, and recorded the depth of insertion for DLT at the upper incisor level. RESULTS: The depth of insertion for DLT was correlated with both height (y=3.96+0.15x, r2=0.51, p=0.0001) and SCM length (y=16.73+0.82x, r2=0.49, p=0.0001). Sternal length (r2=0.11, p=0.0081) was weakly correlated with the depth of insertion for DLT. The best regression model was depth of insertion for DLT (cm)=6.88+0.09 height (cm)x0.46 SCM length (cm). CONCLUSIONS: The depth of insertion for DLT is correlated with SCM length as well as height. So we may use them in predicting the depth of insertion for DLT.