Aspectos histológicos, genéticos y moleculares de las lesiones preneoplásicas de la mucosa gástrica / Histological, genetic and molecular aspects of preneoplastic lesions of the gastric mucosa

Siendo el cáncer gástrico la 3ª causa de muerte por cáncer en Chile, y existiendo estrategias de tamizaje consistentes en pesquisa de lesiones preneoplásicas de la mucosa gástrica, es relevante conocer los aspectos genéticos y moleculares que puedan ser aplicados, en la optimización de dichas estrategias a grupos de mayor riesgo. El objetivo de este manuscrito fue revisar la evidencia actual en los aspectos señalados, y de la inmunohistoquímica de 4 marcadores (p53, CDX2, MUC2 y S100A9) en la mucosa gástrica normal y en las lesiones preneoplásicas de la misma.

SUMMARY: Since gastric cancer is the 3rd leading cause of death from cancer in Chile, and there are screening strategies consisting of screening for preneoplastic lesions of the gastric mucosa, it is important to know certain genetic and molecular aspects that can be applied in optimizing these strategies for higher risk groups. The aim of this manuscript was to review the current evidence on the aforementioned aspects, and on the immunohistochemistry of 4 markers (p53, CDX2, MUC2 and S100A9) in normal gastric mucosa and in its preneoplastic lesions.

The correlation of serum lipids changes with the staging and classification in gastric cancers / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the correlations of the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein(HDL),and low density lipoprotein (LDL) with tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging and Lauren's classification in gastric cancer.Methods The blood lipid levels of 157 cases of gastric cancers,80 cases of benign gastric diseases,and 80 cases of normal subjects were detected by the Hitachi 7170A automatic biochemical instrument,and these values were statistically compared with SPSS 19.0.Results The contents of serum TC,HDL,and LDL in the group of gastric cancers were lower than those in the groups of normal subjects and benign gastric diseases (P ＜ 0.05).The contents of serum HDL levels were decreased with the increase of the TNM stage in patients with gastric cancer,and were all lower than the benign gastric diseases and the health control group (P ＜ 0.05).No statistically significant correlation was found in the levels of serum TC,HDL,and LDL in Lauren's histological types of gastric cancers (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Abnormal lipid metabolism had already appeared in gastric cancer,and the decreased serum HDL levels was correlated with TNM stage of gastric cancer.Detection of the changes of lipid levels in patients might be beneficial to the screening and prognosis of gastric cancer.

miR-451 inhibits migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by targeting migration inhibitory factor / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore whether miR-451 suppresses cell migration and invasion by targeting macrophage migration inhibitory factors (MIF),thus to reveal molecular mechanism that miR-451 functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer.Methods A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to detect the expression of miR-451 in gastric cancer and normal stomach mucosa.Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of MIF protein regulated by miR-451 in MGC 803 cells.The migration and invasion abilities of MGC-803 cell were evaluated with wound-healing and transwell invasion assays.Results miR-451 was down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues.The expressions of miR-451 were negatively correlated with the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients.Western blot showed that a notable reduction of the protein level of MIF by restoring miR-451 in MGC-803 cells.Overexpression of miR-451 inhibited the migration and invasion of MGC-803 cells.Conclusions miR-451 suppresses cell migration and invasion by targeting MIF in gastric cancer.

The expression and clinical significance of MMP-9 in gastric cancer tissues / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in gastric cancer tissues.Methods The expressive level of MMP-9 in normal gastric mucosa tissues,para-carcinoma tissues,and cancer tissues were determined with histochemistry streptavidin-perosidase (SP) methods.The relationship of MMP-9 and gastric cancer tissue were analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of MMP-9 in the gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa tissues and para-carcinoma tissues (x2 =86.66,P ＜0.01).The positive expression rate of MMP-9 in gastric cancer tissues was related to differentiated degree of cancer tissues,tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage,infiltration degree,and lymphatic metastasis (x2 =7.76,P ＜ 0.05; x2 =12.94,54.37,11.16,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions MMP-9 probably participates in the occurrence and development of a gastric cancer,and is related to its invasion and metastasis.

Protein expressions and clinical significance of β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta in the gastric carcinomas / 中国医师杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions ofβ-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK-3β) proteins in the gastric carcinomas and to elucidate their clinical significance.Methods The expressions of β-catenin and GSK3-β proteins were analyzed with immunohistochemistry staining of gastric tissue array in the normal gastric mucosa (n =48),paracancerous tissues ( n =24),and primary cancer tissues ( n =48).ResultsThe positive expression rate ofβ-catenin and GSK-3β in gastric carcinomas was 66.7％ and 35.4％,respectively,and β-catenin protein expression in carcinomas was higher than normal and paracancerous tissues ( x2 =65.455,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of β-catenin was correlated with cell differential degree,pTNM stage,histological type,lymph node memtastasis,and nerve invasion,respectively ( x2 =4.713,8.242,13.662,11.658,4.550,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).The positive expression rate of GSK3βin carcinomas was lower than normal and paracancerous tissues ( x2 =26.968,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of GSK-3β was correlated with cell differential degree,histological type,and lymph node metastasis,respectively (x2 =3.868,9.665,9.872,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).The expression of β-catenin was negatively correlated with the expression of GSK-3βprotein in the gastric carcinoma tissues ( r =-0.493,P =0.001 ).ConclusionsGSK3-β and β-catenin might play important roles in the progression,differentiation,infiltration,lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma,and might be the indicators for diagnosis of a gastric carcinoma.

The relationships of clinical pathological characteristics with the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor and protein kinase B in the gastric carcinomas / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the association between clinical pathological characteristics and the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and protein kinase B (AKT) in gastric carcinomas.Methods The expressions of EGFR and AKT were measured with immunohistochemical method in the cancer tissues and cancer-adjacent normal tissues from 153 cases of patients with gastric cancer.The association between clinical pathological characteristics and their expressions were analyzed.Results The expressions of AKT and EGFR in gastric cancer tissues had no relationship with gender,age,pathological type,and the degree of differentiation (P ＞ 0.05).A positive correlation was existed between the EGFR and TNM stages (x2 =5.43,P ＜0.05).The AKT was positively related to the size,T stage,and TNM stage of the tumor,respectively (x2 =4.73,4.95,5.32,P ＜0.05 orP ＜0.01).The levels of AKT (x2=4.83,4.75,P ＜0.05) and EGFR(x2 =4.67,4.58,P ＜0.05) in the gastric cancer tissues with lymph node and/or distant metastasis were significantly higher than the gastric cancer tissues without metastasis,respectively.Conclusions The over-expressions of AKT and EGFR would benefit the diagnosis and stages of a gastric cancer and the determination of its metastasis.

Expression and significance of suppressor gene pten in human gastric cancer tissues / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To study the expression of suppressor gene PTEN in gastric cancer tissues and its relationship with tumor biologic characteristics. Methods Using EnVision immunohistochemical methods, we examined the suppressor gene PTEN expression in 116 cases of gastric cancer, 35 cases dysplasia and 56 cases normal gastric mucosa specimens. Results The positive rate of PTEN (53.4 %, 62/116) was lower in gastric cancer tissue than in dysplasia (71.4 %, 25/35) and normal gastric mucosa specimens(100 %, 56/56) (P

Mucohistochemical and CEA Immunohistochemical Studies on Mucosa of Gastric Cancer / 第三军医大学学报

Mucohistochemical and CEA immunohistochemical staining were performed on biopsy specimens from 118 patients with gastric cancer. Gastric cancer was classified into intestinal and gastric types by mucohistochemical staining, and again into CEA-producing and non-producing types by immunohistochemical staining. Histologically, CEA-producing gastric cancer was usually well differentiated while non-producing cancer was mainly undifferentiated. The detective rates of sulfomucin (93.95%)and CEA (83.7%) in intestinal type of gastric cancer were very significantly higher thanthat of gastric type(10.3%and 37.9%)respectively (p