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Objective:To explore the effects of game addiction disorders on brain cognitive control functions based on near-infrared spectroscopy.Methods:Thirteen subjects were screened according to the Online Game Addiction (OGA) Scale. The experimental paradigm was the stop-signal task. The relative concentration levels of oxyhemoglobin (HbO 2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) in the prefrontal region of the brain during cognitive activity were collected using near-infrared spectroscopy to assess the cognitive control function of the subjects. Results:The game-addicted patients had lower keystroke accuracy in the stop-signal task than healthy subjects, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Compared to healthy subjects, game-addicted patients had less activation in prefrontal areas and showed uncontrolled behavior and brain activity. Conclusions:Game addiction disorders impair brain cognitive control, which in turn triggers a weakening of cognitive control. The results of this study provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of game addiction.
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Objective • To investigate the change of response inhibition function in patients with drug-naive bulimia nervosa (BN) and its relationship with eating disorders and self-reporting impulsiveness. Methods • Thirty-five drug-naive BN patients who accepted psychological counseling in Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between Aug. 2018 and Jun. 2019, and 23 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. The eating disorder and impulsiveness were compared between the two groups by using the Chinese version of Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q 6.0) and Barrett Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), respectively. The stop signal task (SST) was used to assess response inhibition function. The scale scores and SST results were compared between the two groups, and the correlation of stop signal reaction time (SSRT) with BIS-11 score, EDE-Q 6.0 score, the age of onset and the duration of illness was analyzed. Results • Compared with the HC group, the BN group demonstrated significantly longer SSRT in the SST (P=0.003), and had a higher total score of BIS-11 (P=0.004), attentional impulsiveness score (P=0.008) and non-planning impulsiveness score (P=0.002). SSRT was positively associated with the age of onset (r=0.503,P=0.006), negatively associated with the score of weight concern subscale (r=-0.337, P=0.048), and not correlated with the BIS-11 score and the duration of illness in drug-naive BN patients. Conclusion • Drug-naive BN patients have high impulsiveness, and their defects in response inhibition are associated with the age of onset and weight concern.
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OBJECTICES AND METHODS: The purpose of this study was to examine availabilities of stop-signal task as a screening test for ADHD and as a research tool. Stop-signal task was applied to 40 ADHD patients and 18 normal children. Followings are the results of this study. RESULTS: There were significant differences between ADHD group and control group in ZRFT, mean delay x block and primary-RT of stop-signal task performance(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in results of continuous performance test. SSRT of stop-signal task had significant correlation with hit reaction time of continuous performance test, and primary-RT and primary-SD with attentiveness and hit reaction time of continuous performance test. There was no significant correlation between scores of ADDES-HV and stop-signal task performance. In change of primary-SD according to intelligence, primary-SD decreased as intelligence increased but made plateau after IQ 110, and in change of SSRT according to age, SSRT decreased as intelligence increased but made plateau after 10 year-old. In discriminant ability, mean delay x block and primary-RT showed highest discriminant ability (each 75%). In addition P-inhibit showed 63.89%, SSRT showed 58%, ZRFT showed 67%, and primary-SD showed 58% in discriminant ability. There was no significant difference in stop-signal task performance between ADHD with hyperactivity and ADHD without hyperactivity. CONCLUSION: In this point of view, stop-signal task was proved to be a useful research tool for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as well as useful screening test tool.