Thyroid Profile of Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with various metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing gradually, which may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis of liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The important association of NAFLD and metabolic disease can lead to endocrinopathy, including thyroid diseases. Methodology: Serologically diagnosed NAFLD patient was evaluated biochemically for liver function and thyroid function to evaluate any association between these two. Results: The study shows female preponderance (63.3%) NAFLD. It was observed that 77.50% were having normal transaminase level and 22.50% had raised transaminase levels (NASH). Subclinical hypothyroidism was present among 18.30%, overt hypothyroidism was 7.50%, and hyperthyroidism was 0.80%. Among the individuals with normal transaminase level, 20.50% were hypothyroid (15.10% subclinical and 5.40% overt), and persons with raised transaminase levels (NASH), 44.44% were hypothyroid (29.63% subclinical and 14.81% overt). Conclusion: This study shows that though there was a female preponderance of NAFLD, raised transaminase was more common among male and so is the hypothyroidism. This may form a matrix to the future study for cause and effect relationship of NAFLD and thyroid disease

Correlation Between Tsh And Body Mass Index In Male And Female Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a syndrome resulting from thyroid hormone deficiency or rarely inefficacy. It is a common endocrinological problem affecting especially women and the elderly. Thyroid hormones play an important role in synthesis, metabolism and mobilization of lipids. One of the most important symptoms of hypothyroidism is weight gain or inability to lose weight. The rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity in the past 20 to 30 years emphasizes the important role of lifestyle and environmental factors, because genetic changes could not have occurred so rapidly. Obesity is a complicated process that depends on signals of satiety and hunger, genetics, endocrine abnormalities, and other factors. Our study purposes to investigate the relationship between BMI and thyroid function in patients of subclinical hypothyroidism. Objective of this study is to correlate thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) and body mass index (BMI) in male and female patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. This cross sectional study included 42 Subclinical hypothyroid patients, both males and females between 20-45 years of age and without a history of alcohol or tobacco consumption, history of any cardiovascular disorders or diabetes mellitus and any drug history like corticosteroids, beta blockers. and TSH test estimated by VITROS 5600 integrated analyzer and correlated with body mass index. The results showed a positive Correlation analysis in subclinical Hypothyroid males between BMI and TSH, (r= 0.47), which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.02*) in case of subclinical Hypothyroid females the results indicated positive correlation between BMI and TSH (r= 0.58) which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.005*). A strong positive correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH).

Subclinical Hypothyroidism among Patients with Depressive Disorders

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) is a biochemical diagnosis, defined as an elevated Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) with normal free thyroxine (FT4). It affects 4-10% of the adult population and is more prevalent in elderly women. Its commonest cause is autoimmune thyroiditis, detected by antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab). About 2-5% of SHT patients progress to overt hypothyroidism annually. The SHT prevalence among depressed patients ranges between 3% and 17%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SHT and TPO-Ab positivity among patients diagnosed with depressive disorders. It was a cross-sectional study carried out in the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre over a 12 months period. Serum TSH, FT4 and TPO-Ab were measured. Results showed that 82% of depressed patients were euthyroid, 4% had SHT, 11% had subclinical hyperthyroidism and 2% had discordant thyroid function. TPO-Ab positivity among the subjects was 7%, one of whom had SHT. In conclusion, the prevalence of SHT and TPO-Ab positivity in the study population, at 4% and 7%, respectively, were comparable to previous findings.