First occurrence of feline sporotrichosis in a metropolitan area of Central-West Brazil

ABSTRACT Sporotrichosis is a neglected mycosis that affects human and animal hosts, including domestic cats. In Brazil, its most frequently diagnosed etiological agent is Sporothrix brasiliensis. Zoonotic transmission of S. brasiliensis occurs via direct contact between an infected cat and a susceptible human host. Notification of confirmed cases of feline sporotrichosis is not mandatory in Brazil. The metropolitan area of Goiania city can be considered a silent area for the occurrence of feline sporotrichosis. In this context, voluntary reporting of feline sporotrichosis cases is recommended for all healthcare professionals. This study aimed to report the first occurrence of S. brasiliensis in a cat from the metropolitan area of Goiania city. Cytopathology, mycology, thermal dimorphism and calmodulin gene amplification tests were performed. The mycological and molecular biological diagnoses corresponded to S. brasiliensis. The etiological agent of zoonotic sporotrichosis was detected in the metropolitan area of Goiania city, and therefore there is a risk of the emergence of new cases of cats infected with S. brasiliensis and the occurrence of zoonotic transmission of this fungus.

Esporotricosis y cromoblastomicosis: revisión de la literatura / Sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis: literature review

Resumen Las micosis subcutáneas hacen referencia a infecciones producidas por hongos que se encuentran en la naturaleza, adquiridas por inoculación directa y limitadas a la dermis y tejido celular subcutáneo, pero pueden extenderse hacia la epidermis o hacia planos más profundos llegando a comprometer estructuras óseas, así como diseminarse y producir enfermedad sistémica. Dentro de las micosis subcutáneas más importantes en nuestro medio y de las cuales se hablarán en este artículo están la esporotricosis y la cromoblastomicosis; mientras que las menos frecuentes incluyen micetoma, quistes faeomicóticos, lacaziosis y la zigomicosis subcutánea.

Abstract Subcutaneous mycoses, refer to infections caused by fungi which the eco-togic niche is the nature, they are acquired by direct inocutation, timited to the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, but may extend into the epidermis or deeper tevets reaching compromise bone structures and systemic spread and cause disease. Among the most important in our country, and which witt discuss in this articte, subcutaneous mycoses are sporotrichosis and chromobtastomycosis, mycetoma inctude tess frequent, the faeomycosis, tacaziosis, and subcutaneous zygomycosis.

Subcutaneous mycosis presenting as a non- healing left calf ulcer in an immunocompromised patient

This is a case report of subcutaneous mycosis presenting as a non-healing left calf ulcer in an immunocompromised patient. Traumatic inoculation of the causative agent is the most likely route of infection. The diagnosis requires a detailed history and high clinical suspicion, confirmed by histopathological examination. The management requires a multidisciplinary team approach involving surgeon, pathologist, physician sub-specialised in infectious disease, wound care nursing team as well as social support services. The literature review recommended that the treatment of choice for such infection is surgical debridement in addition to optimal antifungal therapy.

Características clínico-epidemiológicas, histomorfológicas e histoquímicas da esporotricose felina / Clinical, epidemiological, histomorphological and histochemical characteristics of the feline sporotrichosis

Esporotricose é uma infecção fúngica causada por espécies do complexo Sporothrix, vista com maior frequência em gatos, equinos e cães. Os principais objetivos deste estudo retrospectivo foram caracterizar os aspectos histomorfológicos e histoquímicos da esporotricose em 10 gatos, além de avaliar os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e os achados macroscópicos desses 10 casos, obtidos dos protocolos de biópsias e necropsias dos arquivos do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. A doença acometeu predominantemente gatos machos, sem raça definida e apresentou-se principalmente na forma cutânea disseminada...

Sporotrichosis is a mycotic infection caused by the Sporothrix complex species, affecting mostly cats, horses, and dogs. The main objectives of this retrospective study were to characterize the histomorphological and histochemical aspects of sporotrichosis in 10 cats, and also to evaluate epidemiological and clinical aspects, and gross findings obtained from the biopsy and necropsy protocols of these ten cases, obtained from the archives of the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. The disease affected mostly male mongrel cats, and was mostly observed in the cutaneous disseminated form...

Síndrome pioverrugoide: Análisis clínico epidemiológico / Pyoverrugoid syndrome: clinical epidemiological analysis

Las micosis subcutáneas comprometen la salud de nuestra población, siendo una de las patologías de frecuente consulta en los centros de referencia del área capital. Se debe realizar una valoración completa que se enfoque en a mejorar la evaluación diagnóstica de estos pacientes, siendo el síndrome pioverrugoide una estrategia diagnostica útil para el dermatólogo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los aspectos clínicos y factores de riesgo del Síndrome Pioverrugoide en las micosis subcutáneas. Se realizara un estudio de tipo prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo, multicéntrico y analítico explicativo. Los datos de la investigación se obtuvieron de la evaluación de pacientes y su historia clínica. Se les realizara un protocolo de procedimiento diagnósticos basados en hallazgos clínicos, estudios microbiológicos e histopatológico. Se recolectaron 19 pacientes en quienes los factores de riesgo para micosis subcutánea asociados al síndrome pioverrugoide fueron lesiones de tiempo de evolución de más de 6 meses, localizadas en áreas expuestas, de tamaño mediano o grande, con dolor leve, sangrado ocasional y sin prurito. Ocurrieron más frecuentemente en paciente urbanos con contacto rural fundamentalmente adultos entre 35-54 años, masculinos y agricultores. Siendo las características de las lesiones como el tiempo de duración de la enfermedad, el sangrado, dolor y pruritos datos importantes para establecer los posibles diagnósticos diferenciales. La realización de exámenes paraclínicos debe seguir el siguiente orden de frecuencia: primero la realización pruebas para la determinación de Leishmaniasis (IFI e intradermoreacción), seguido de examen directo y cultivo micológico y bacteriano y en última instancia la biopsia de piel cuando no sea posible llegar a la conclusión diagnóstica. Se concluye que el síndrome pioverrugoide constituye una herramienta diagnóstica útil para la orientación clínica en nuestra población.

Subcutaneous mycoses compromise the health of our population, one of the pathologies frequently consulted in the reference centers of capital area. You must perform a complete assessment that focuses on improving the diagnostic evaluation of these patients being diagnosed pioverrugoide syndrome useful strategy for the dermatologist. The aim of this paper is to analyze the clinical aspects and risk factors in Pioverrugoide Syndrome subcutaneous mycoses. Hold a study of explanatory prospective, observational, descriptive, and analytical multicenter. The research data were obtained from the evaluation of patients and medical history. They perform a diagnostic procedure protocol based on clinical, microbiological and histopathological studies. 19 patients in whom the risk factors associated with subcutaneous mycosis syndrome were injuries pioverrugoide duration of more than six months, located in exposed areas, medium to large size, with mild pain, occasional bleeding without pruritus were collected. Occurred more frequently in patients with predominantly urban rural adult contact between 35-54 years, male and farmers. As the characteristics of the lesions and the duration of the disease, bleeding, pain and itching important data to establish the differential diagnosis. Conducting laboratory examinations must follow the following order of frequency: first conducting tests to determine Leishmaniasis (IFI and intradermal), followed by direct examination and mycological and bacterial culture and ultimately skin biopsy when it is not possible to reach a diagnostic conclusion. We conclude that pioverrugoide syndrome is a useful diagnostic tool for clinical guidance in our population

Doença de Jorge Lobo e a importância de seu estudo para a patologia animal e para a patologia humana / Jorge Lobo's disease and its study importance for human and animal medical conditions

A Doença de Jorge Lobo é uma micose subcutânea que tem como agente etiológico o fungo Paracoccidioides loboi. Este fungo pode infectar tanto humanos quanto golfinhos. O primeiro caso em humanos foi registrado no Brasil em 1931. A história natural da doença se inicia pela instalação do microorganismo nos tecidos subcutâneos e as lesões são nodulares, isoladas, com aspecto queloideano, acometendo principalmente o pavilhão auricular e os membros inferiores e superiores. Geograficamente, esta micose ocorre mais em regiões de florestas densas, quentes e úmidas. O presente artigo teve por objetivo mostrar as características da doença em homens e em golfinhos.

Jorge Lobo's disease is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the Paracoccidioides loboi, which can infect both humans and dolphins. The first case in humans was described in Brazil, in 1931. The disease´s natural history initiates after the infection by the microorganism. The lesions are solitary nodular keloid-looking that arises, mainly, in the ear and in the upper and lower limbs. Geographically, this mycosis shows itself in dense, hot and humid forest regions. This article aimed the presentation of the disease in humans and dolphins.

Aureobasidium pullulans infection in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Saprophytic fungi are being increasingly recognized as etiologic agents of mycoses in immunosuppressed patients. We report a case of subcutaneous infiltration by Aureobasidium pullulans, likely due to traumatic inoculation, in a neutropenic patient during chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The patient was treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate but was subsequently switched to itraconazole, which improved the lesion. This case highlights the importance of considering unusual fungal infections in critically ill patients such as those who are immunosuppressed due to chemotherapy. Diagnostic techniques and effective antifungal therapy have improved the prognosis of these cases.

Isolamento de Chaetomium spp. em lesões subcutâneas de um cão: relato de caso / Isolation of Chaetomium spp. on subcutaneous lesions of a dog: case report

Caracterizou-se clinicamente a infecção pelo Chaetomium spp. em um cão, e descreveu-se seu isolamento e identificação. Ao exame dermatológico foram observadas pápulas nas orelhas, no tronco lateral e nos membros pélvicos. Ao rompimento de uma dessas pápulas, fluiu um líquido serosanguinolento com consequente úlcera no local. Foi colhido material para isolamento micológico, por meio de raspado das pápulas da orelha e da cauda. O diagnóstico foi micose subcutânea por Chaetomium spp.

This work aimed to clinically characterize the infection by Chaetomium spp. in a dog, as well as describe its isolation and identification. Upon dermatological exam, papules on ears, lateral trunk and pelvic members were noticed. After the disruption of these papules there was serosanguineous secretion flowed by consequent ulcer in the region. Material for mycological isolation was picked, and a scraping of papules from ear and tail was done. The diagnosis was subcutaneous mycosis caused by Chaetomium spp.

Esporotricose felina no município de itaporanga, estado da paraíba, Brasil: relato de um caso / Esorotricosis felina en el municipio de itaporanga, estado de la paraíba, Brasil: relato de caso / Feline sporotrichosis in the city of itaporanga, state of paraiba, Brazil: a case report

No sentido de contribuir com dados relacionados à presença da esporotricose felina na região Nordeste do Brasil, o trabalho objetivou descrever um caso de esporotricose em gato doméstico nativo do município de Itaporanga, Paraíba. Um felino, macho, da raça Siamês, 11 anos de idade, apresentava o histórico de aumento de volume nasal, de caráter crônico. Clinicamente observou-se uma neoformação localizada na região nasal dorsal, com abrangência subcutânea e base de inserção séssil. Optou-se por realizar exame citológico e cultura fúngica do tecido nasal neoformado. Posteriormente executou-se biópsia excisional da lesão localizada em região nasal, encaminhando-se a amostra obtida para análise histopatológica com a utilização de colorações pelos métodos de Hematoxilina-Eosina e Ácido Periódico de Schiff. A análise citopatológica detectou inflamação granulomatosa. Na cultura microbiológica não se observou crescimento fúngico. Devido ao resultado de tais exames complementares, justificou-se a biópsia excisional da lesão nasal. A análise histopatológica demonstrou (com o auxílio da coloração do Ácido Periódico de Schiff), a presença de estruturas compatíveis com Sporothrix schenkii. Nesse sentido, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de esporotricose e realizou-se a prescrição do itraconazol. Observou-se involução inicial da lesão. Contudo, após algumas semanas do seguimento com o tratamento antifúngico, o animal veio a óbito e não foi possível realizar necropsia. A esporotricose deve ser considerada em felinos que apresentam lesões cutâneas características da doença e oriundos do município de Itaporanga, estado da Paraíba, Brasil.

In order to contribute with data related to the presence of feline sporotrichosis in northeastern Brazil, the study aimed to describe a case of sporotrichosis in a domestic native cat of Itaporanga city, Paraíba, Brazil. An eleven-year-old, male, Siamese cat had a history of chronic condition of an increased nasal volume. Clinically, a neoformation located in the nasal dorsum with subcutaneous coverage and sessile insertion base was observed. A cytological examination of the nasal change was chosen and then some of the collected material was sent for fungal culture. Subsequently, excisional biopsy of the lesion in the nasal region was performed, and the obtained sample was sent for histological analysis with the use of staining methods with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff. The cytological analysis detected granulomatous inflammation. Microbiological culture did not show fungal growth. Due to the results of such complementary exams, excisional biopsy of the nasal injury was justified. A histopathologic analysis showed (with the help periodic acid-Schiff) the presence of structures compatible to Sporothrix schenkii. Accordingly, the diagnosis of sporotrichosis was reached and itraconazole was prescribed. Regression of the early lesions was observed. However, after a few weeks of the beginning of the antifungal treatment, the animal died and no autopsy was possible. Sporotrichosis should be considered in cats which present skin lesions with characteristics of this disease and from the city of Itaporanga, state of Paraiba, Brazil.

En el sentido de contribuir con datos relacionados a la presencia de esporotricosis felina en la región Nordeste de Brasil, este estudio ha tenido por objetivo describir un caso de esporotricosis en gato doméstico nativo del municipio de Itaporanga, Paraíba. Un felino, macho, de la raza siamés, 11 años de edad, presentaba histórico de aumento de volumen nasal, de carácter crónico. Clínicamente se observó una neo formación localizada en la región nasal dorsal, con alcance subcutáneo y base de inserción sésil. Se ha elegido realizar examen citológico y cultura fúngica del tejido nasal neo formado. Posteriormente se ha ejecutado biopsia por escisión de la lesión localizada en la región nasal, encaminando la muestra para análisis histopatológico con utilizaciones de coloraciones por los métodos de Hematoxilina- Eosina y Ácido Periódico de Schiff. El análisis cito patológica ha encontrado inflamación granulo matosa. En la cultura microbiológica no se ha observado crecimiento fúngico. Debido al resultado de tales exámenes complementares, se justificó la biopsia por escisión de lesión nasal. El análisis histopatológico demostró (con el auxilio de coloración de Ácido Periódico de Schiff), la presencia de estructuras compatibles con Sporothrix schenkii. Así, se estableció el diagnóstico de esporotricosis y se ha realizado la prescripción de itraconazol. Se observó involución inicial de la lesión. Todavía, tras algunas semanas del seguimiento con el tratamiento anti fúngico, el animal vino a óbito y no fue posible realizar necropsia. La esporotricosis debe ser considerada en felinos que presentan lesiones cutáneas características de la enfermedad y oriundos del municipio de Itaporanga, estado de la Paraíba, Brasil.