Effects of Surface Electrical Stimulation on Urination Function of Autonomic Bladder / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effect of electrical stimulation combined with bladder function training on autonomic bladder pa-tients after S2-4spinal cord injury or cauda equina and pelvic nerve injury.Methods From January,2016 to August,2017,76 patients with au-tonomic bladder after spinal cord injury were divided into control group(n=29)and observation groups(n=47)in real world study.The con-trol group received routine bladder function training,and the observation group received bladder muscle stimulation therapy in addition.The micturition diary and urodynamic indexes were assessed before and three months after treatment.Results After treatment,the frequency of urinary incontinence and the number of micturition in 24 hours,and residual urine volume significantly reduced(t>3.251,P<0.01),the urine output every time significantly increased (t>5.000, P<0.001), the maximum bladder capacity and urine flow rate increased (t>1.922, P<0.05),and the detrusor pressure in the end of filling period significantly reduced(t>8.302,P<0.001).All the indexes above were better in the observation group than in the control group(t>1.919,P<0.05). Conclusion Electrical muscular stimulation combined with the bladder func-tional training could improve the urination function in the patients with autonomic bladder after spinal cord injury.

Urodynamic effects of electrical stimulation of the detrusor spastic bladder after spinal cord injury / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of surface electrical stimulation on bladder spasm among patients with spinal cord injury,and compare it with that of therapy combining electrical stimulation with bladder function training.Methods Forty-two patients with bladder spasm after spinal cord injury were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=21) and a control group (n=21).Patients in the experimental group were further divided into three subgroups:patients with cervical spinal injury (n =7),thoracic spinal injury (n =9) and lumbar spinal injury (n =5).Both the experimental group and control group were given normal bladder function recovery exercise,while the experimental group was given the extra electrical stimulation on the surface of the sacral nerve.Urodynamic tests including the maximum detrusor pressure,bladder capacity,residual urine volume and bladder compliance were conducted for both groups before the treatment,after the first and the second 18-days of treatment and during a follow-up visit 2 months after the intervention.Results After the first course of treatment,significant differences were found in all measurements in the experimental group and most measurements of the control group except for the residual urine volume.Significant differences were found in all measurements after the second course of treatment compared to those after the first course in both groups.After the two courses of treatment and during the follow-up visit the average residual urine volume of the experiment group was significantly better than that of the control group.After the second course of treatment the average maximum detrusor pressure and bladder compliance of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusion Surface electrical stimulation significantly improves the urodynamics and bladder function of patients with bladder spasm after spinal cord injury and its therapeutic effect is greater for patients with cervical and thoracic spinal injury than for those with lumber spinal injury.

Effects of Intramuscular Electrical Stimulation Using Inversely Placed Electrodes on Myofascial Pain Syndrome in the Shoulder: A Case Series

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is one of the common musculoskeletal conditions of the shoulder which may develop sensory-motor and autonomic dysfunctions at the various level of the neuromuscular system. The pain and dysfunction caused by MPS were primarily treated with physical therapy and pharmacological agents in order to achieve painfree movements. However, in recent years intramuscular electrical stimulation (IMES) with conventional electrode placement was used by researchers to maximise therapeutic values. But, in this study an inverse electrode placement was used to deliver electrical impulses intramuscularly to achieve neuro-modulation at the various level of the nervous system. Nine patients with MPS were treated with intramuscular electrode stimulation using inversely placed electrodes for a period of three weeks. All nine subjects recovered from their shoulder pain and disability within the few weeks of intervention. So, this inverse electrode placement may be more appropriate for chronic pain management.

Treatment and Mechanism of Surface Electrical Stimulation for Severe Dysphagia Caused by Lower Brainstem Infarction / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To study the potential mechanism of recovery from dysphagia after surface electrical stimulation. Methods 3 cases recovery from dysphagia caused by lower brainstem infarction after surface electrical stimulation of lower mandible and trigeminal nerves were analyzed. Results After 3～16 weeks surface electrical stimulation, the swallow assessment scores reached from 0 to 6 in all the 3 patients. Conclusion Surface electrical stimulation can facilitate the recovery of swallow function, which may be involved with the sensory input, especially the integration of nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS).