RESUMEN
【Objective】 To investigate the feasibility of using surface electromyography （SEMG） for the detection of abnormal muscle response （AMR） in patients with hemifacial spasm （HFS）. 【Methods】 We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of HFS patients who underwent microvascular decompression （MVD） in our hospital between June 2019 and December 2020. Patients who received both surface electrode （preoperative） and needle electrode （intraoperative） detection of AMR were included. SEMG recorded from two stimulation-recording sites， namely， zygomatic-mentalis and mandibular marginal-orbicularis oculi， was selected for analyzing the characteristics of AMR. The positive rates of AMR detected by these two kinds of electrodes were comprehensively compared. 【Results】 Totally 77 patients were included in this study. When detected with surface electrodes， the positive rate， latency and amplitude of AMR recorded at zygomatic-mentalis oculi were 90.9% （70/77）， （10.87±1.86） ms and （202.8±47.4） μV， and at mandibular marginal-orbicularis oculi were 92.2% （71/77）， （10.41±1.83） ms and （211.1±54.1） μV， respectively. AMR was detected in 74 patients （96.1%） with surface electrodes. There was no significant difference in positive rate， latency and amplitude of AMR between these two stimulation-recording methods. When detected with needle electrodes， the positive rate of AMR recorded at zygomatic-mentalis oculi was 98.7% （76/77）， which was significantly higher than the rate 89.6% （69/77） recorded at mandibular marginal-orbicularis oculi （P=0.016）. The latency and amplitude of AMR recorded at zygomatic-mentalis were （10.63±1.39） ms and （83.5±27.2） μV， and at mandibular marginal-orbicularis oculi were （10.31±1.18） ms and （58.6±21.4） μV. There was no significant difference in latency between the two stimulation-recording methods， but the amplitude recorded at mandibular marginal-orbicularis oculi was significantly lower （P=0.041）. AMR was detected in 76 patients （98.7%） with needle electrodes. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of AMR between surface electrodes and needle electrodes （P=0.500）， the results were moderately consistent （Kappa=0.490， P<0.001）. 【Conclusion】 The detection efficiency of surface electrodes for AMR is similar to that of needle electrode. With its non-invasive characteristic， the surface electrode can be routinely used for electrophysiological evaluation of HFS.
RESUMEN
El módulo de rehabilitación diseñado es un sistema compuesto por circuitos electrónicos para automatización y control de una órtesis robótica para mano, que colabora en la rehabilitación de la extremidad superior a nivel distal derecha de pacientes hemiparéticos con ataque cerebrovascular. La intencionalidad de movimiento es detectada a través de un sistema electrónico no invasivo de electromiografía, utilizando sensores ubicados sobre la piel (electrodos de superficie) que registran la actividad eléctrica de un músculo particular. El procesamiento de las señales adquiridas se realiza con un circuito de instrumentación acondicionado para manipular señales biológicas de pequeño voltaje. Una última etapa de procesamiento digital permite identificar el movimiento realizado. Cuando el paciente mueve su mano afectada, el sistema a su salida presenta una señal electromiográfica amplificada y sin componentes de ruido, que se utiliza como señal de control de los actuadores de la órtesis robótica automatizada para la mano derecha. El dispositivo diseñado contiene ejercicios para la extensión y flexión de la mano y para la extensión y oposición del pulgar.
The designed rehabilitation moduleis a system compound by electronic circuits to automate and control a robotic orthotic for a hand. It cooperates in the upper limb rehabilitation in the right distal zone of hemiparetic stroke patients. The motion intention is detected by a noninvasive electronic electromyography system using sensors (surface electrodes) placed in skin surface to report electrical activity of a single muscle. An instrumentation circuit is designed for signal processing of acquired signals based on low voltage bio-signals treatment. A latest digital processing section identifies the kind of movement.When the patient moves his or heraffected hand, the out of the system presents an amplified electromyography signal without noise components that is used like a control signal in the actuators of automated robotic orthotics for the right hand. The designed device contains flexion and extension exercises of the right hand and extension and opposition of the thumb.
RESUMEN
In this study, we investigated a surface electrode stimulation method to support laryngeal elevation in patients with pharyngeal dysphagia, from the viewpoint of functional electric stimulation (FES). Informed consent was obtained from 15 healthy men and 4 patients with pharyngeal dysphagia. Digastric and stylohyoid muscles were stimulated by silver-textile surface electrodes covering the muscle belly. Laryngeal elevation by the electrical stimulation (ES) during liquid (water, 3ml) swallowing movement was measured by digital video camera. The laryngeal elevation trajectory demonstrated a hysteresis loop. The elevation distance of the larynx increased with a rise of stimulus strength. Laryngeal elevation by ES was 76.0% in the normal subjects and 86.6% in patients when measured during liquid swallowing. Applying FES for laryngeal elevation may assist in improving the swallowing reflex.
RESUMEN
Objective To study the role of transversus abdominis in lumbar spine stability,and to find a way to assess the abdominal muscles function.Methods 15 healthy subjects performed rapid arm flexion,abduction,and exten- sion.Electromyographic(EMG)activity of transversus abdominis,rectus abdominis,obliquus externus abdominis, obliquus internus abdominis and deltoid was evaluated with surface electrodes,latency between onset of the abdominal muscles and of the deltoid was calculated.Results The transversus abdominis invariably contracted before the deltoid and the other abdominal muscles,except the obliquus internus abdominis during arm extension.Conclusion(1)It's an effective way that latency between onset of abdominal muscles and of deltoid is used to assess the abdominal muscles function with arm movement as a factor of influencing the balance of spine.(2)Transversus abdominis,as deeper mus- cles acting earlier with all movements play an important role in maintaining the stability of lumbar spine.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: An electromyographic examination is often utilized to confirm the diagnosis of suprascapular neuropathy in patients with shoulder pain and dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to compare two recording methods (surface and monopolar needle electrode recordings) for the evaluation of suprascapular nerve. METHOD: Twenty-two healthy subjects were tested with each method. Differences between the recording methods were compared for compound muscle action potential (CMAP) latencies and amplitudes. And the parameters obtained from two recording methods were correlated. RESULTS: The mean age was 43.6+/-12.4 years (range: from 23 to 72 years old). The surface recordings appeared to give a more reproducible latency and amplitude of CMAP of the infraspinatus. The surface recorded CMAP latency and amplitude were 2.58+/-0.46 ms, and 12.6+/-2.7 mV, respectively. Those of the needle electrode recording were 2.49+/-0.41 ms and 27.6+/-6.55 mV, respectively. The two recordings were significantly correlated in latency (r=0.876, p<0.05) and amplitude(r=0.484, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Considering the invasiveness of study and compliance of the patient, the surface electrode recording may be prudent for the convenient assessment and follow up studies in suprascapular nerve conduction study.